2005 Budget, 185; general election, 187, 193, 222; Blair calls for deregulation, 188–9; Gleneagles G8 meeting, 190–91; July 7 attacks, 191; responsibility taken for Helmand, 269–72
2006 London conference on Afghanistan, 272; Budget, 149; Hewitt’s NHS reform plan, 170; Mastiff vehicles bought for Helmand campaign, 276; Litvinenko murder, 212; Operation Sinbad launched in Iraq, 261; Fraud Act, 343; bank failure simulation exercise launched, 296–7
2007 Treasury agrees additional £284 million for Afghanistan, 274; Budget, 150, 193; Scottish Parliament election, 374, 398; resignation of Blair; Brown becomes PM, 195–204; terrorist incidents in London and Glasgow, 205–6; grant levels raised for poor students, 206; constitutional changes announced, 206–7; floods, 211, 218; Northern Ireland financial package, 212; Brown visits Germany, 212; Brown visits US, 209, 213–14, 260; foot-and-mouth outbreak, 211, 215–16, 218, 221; Merkel makes visit, 216; Mandela makes visit, 216–17; Brown visits Balmoral, 217; appeal for ‘new politics’, 218; pressure for early election, 218–19; Vodafone tax case, 153; collapse of Northern Rock, 211, 218, 295–6, 299; King’s warning on moral hazard, 298; bluetongue disease outbreak, 211, 218; Bournemouth conference, 219–20, 234; evacuation of Basra Palace, 263; Brown visits Iraq; decision to withdraw troops, 4, 218, 221, 260, 263; decision against early election, 222–3; King Abdullah makes visit, 243; Stoltenberg makes visit, 244; resignation of Watt, 224; Home Office leaks, 224; circle of advisers widened, 224; Pension Act, 108; avian flu outbreak, 211; launch of Afghanisation, 275; signing of Lisbon Treaty, 224, 368
2008 announcement of NHS reforms, 229–31; World Economic Forum, 300; Brown visits Asia and Europe, 242; European leaders discuss financial crisis, 300; Budget, 150, 346; NATO Bucharest summit, 275; launch of Special Liquidity Scheme, 302, 303; Brown visits US, 302; Brown meets with Dalai Lama, 245; troop increase in Afghanistan, 278; change in mission for forces in Iraq, 264; Brown visits Middle East, 243; Lehman Brothers collapse, 306–7; short selling banned, 311; Manchester conference, 311–12; Brown visits UN and meets with Bush, 312–13, 325; recapitalisation plan launched, 315–18; Climate Change Act, 367; Marmot Review launched, 231–2; arrest of Green, 240–41; Brown meets with al-Maliki, 264
2009 Brown meets with Obama, 326; King opposes fiscal stimulus, 352–3; G20 London summit, 2, 4, 18, 280, 323–36; McBride scandal, 18, 366; troop increase in Afghanistan announced, 280–81; deaths of soldiers in Helmand, 10–11, 14, 17, 267; MPs’ expenses scandal breaks, 12–14, 366, 389; Brown unveils Beshenivsky memorial, 14; Brown visits Sheffield, 15–16; negotiations with DUP, 16–17; debate over immigration of Gurkhas, 17–18; D-Day anniversary, 11; King calls for deficit reduction, 353; Cabinet reshuffle, 352; Dannatt’s criticism of Brown, 287–8; car scrappage scheme launched, 347; Brown meets with Petraeus, 282; troop increase in Afghanistan agreed, 283–4; Sun campaign on Afghanistan, 288–9; Brighton conference, 289–90; Pre-Budget Report, 150; Apprenticeships, Skills, Children and Learning Act, 235; launch of Browne Review, 239; launch of Chilcot Inquiry, 249, 264–5; Copenhagen Climate Change Conference, 337
2010 London conference on Afghanistan, 286–7; increase in top-rate tax, 155; Fiscal Responsibility Act, 354; Child Poverty Act, 442; Equality Act, 232; discussions on banking levy, 340–42; general election, 144, 232, 342, 365–87, 399; resignation of Brown, 382–7; Miliband elected leader, 389
2011 Scottish Parliament election, 399; Brown gives evidence to Leveson Inquiry, 393
2012 local elections, 399
2014 Cowdenbeath by-election, 399; Scottish independence referendum, 400
2015 general election, 399, 406, 407
2016 EU membership referendum, 407–17
2017 general election, 31, 58, 399, 401, 406, 446–7
‘Labour’s Macroeconomic Stability’, 104
Laing, Ian, 159
Lamb, William, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, 196
Lamont, Johann, 400, 402, 403
Lamont, Norman, 83, 91, 115, 116, 119, 139, 149
Lamy, Pascal, 199
Lanark and Hamilton East, Scotland, 401
Lanarkshire, Scotland, 56
‘Land of Hope and Glory’, 394
landfill tax, 152
Lange, David, 67
Lasch, Christopher, 444
Lashkar Gah, Helmand, 11, 273, 275, 278, 285, 287
Lawley, Sue, 99
Laws, David, 378, 379, 385
Lawson, Neal, 92
Lawson, Nigel, 71, 77–9, 80, 115, 119, 139, 143
leadership, 457–9
Leading, not Leaving (Brown), 410
League of Nations, 323
Lebanon, 200, 392
Lehman Brothers, 306–7
Leighton, Ron, 72
Leitch Review (2004–2006), 206
Lennon, John, 186
Leslie, Christopher, 103, 130
Lessons in Disaster (Goldstein), 280
Leveson Inquiry (2011–12), 190, 369, 393–4
Levitt, Ian, 54
Lewis, Simon, 200
Lewis, Will, 14
LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) rights, 30, 391
Liberal Democrats, 107
1992 general election, 84
1997 Brown’s interview on euro, 179
1999 launch of Britain in Europe, 181
2005 general election, 187, 238
2007 Scottish Parliament election, 374, 398; Brown becomes PM, 199; Counter-Terrorism Bill blocked, 208; Brown’s appeal for ‘new politics’, 218; Taylor appointed adviser to government, 224
2010 election manifesto, 365; general election; formation of coalition, 290, 342, 369, 371, 373–86; cancellation of Sheffield Forgemasters loan, 15
2011 Alternative Vote referendum, 378; closure of Aim Higher programme, 237; increase in QE, 304; Virgin buys Northern Rock, 296
2012 House of Lords Reform Bill, 378
Liberal Party, 41, 55, 67, 208
Liechtenstein, 175
Life Boys, 34, 394
Lincoln, Abraham, 4, 203, 216, 430, 448
linoleum, 33, 37, 40
linseed oil, 37
Lisbon Treaty (2007), 224, 368
Litvinenko, Alexander, 212
Livermore, Spencer, 92, 128, 129, 163, 219, 220
Liverpool Walton, 74
Liverpool, Merseyside, 373
Livingstone, Kenneth, 222
Livingstone, Marilyn and Peter, 390
Lloyd George, David, 51, 166, 196, 203, 204, 249
Lloyd, Anthony ‘Tony’, 66
Lloyd, Selwyn, 40
Lloyds Bank, 307, 309–10, 316, 320
Local News, 39
Locarno Suite, 329
Lockerbie bombing (1988), 205
Logan, Charlie, 61
Logan, Margaret, 61
London, England, 34–5, 67
Barbican, 93
Buckingham Palace, 38, 217, 330
Charing Cross Hospital, 329
Chelsea Fire Station, 229
Churchill’s state funeral (1965), 394
Conference on Afghanistan (2006), 272
Crossrail, 222
ExCel Exhibition Centre, 332–3
G20 summit (2009), 3, 18–19, 280, 323–36, 344
general election (2010), 372–3
Granita restaurant, 100
Hackney, 48
Hayward Gallery, 214
Islington, 101, 117
July 7 attacks (2005), 191, 248
King’s College London, 229, 385
Mansion House, 181
Millbank, 106
Millennium Dome, 29
Monetary and Economic Conference (1933), 323
Moorfields Eye Hospital, 49
Olympic Games (2012), 26, 29, 215, 333, 396
Park Lane Hotel, 93
Royal Brompton Hospital, 229
Royal Festival Hall, 113
Royal Marsden Hospital, 229
School of Economics, 60, 410
St
Bartholomew’s Hospital, 93
Stock Exchange, 180
Tower Hamlets, 234
University College London, 232
Victoria & Albert Museum, 328
Lothian, Scotland, 72
Lough Erne, Northern Ireland, 154
Louis XIV, King of France, 208
Lowestoft, Suffolk, 373
LTCM (Long-Term Capital Management), 122
Lucas, Mark, 409
Lugovoi, Andrei, 212
Lula da Silva, Luiz Inácio, 324, 327, 332, 338
Lumley, Joanna, 17–18
Lumsden, Bert, 61
Luton, Bedfordshire, 100
Luxembourg, 153, 314, 318
Lyle, Sandy, 59
Lynx helicopters, 277
M
Macau, 334
Macaulay, Pauline and Patrick, 160, 214
MacDiarmid, Hugh, 41
Macdonald, Kenneth, 212
MacGregor, Ian, 72
Machel, Graça, 191, 216, 245
Mackintosh, John, 208, 225
Macmillan, Harold, 20, 31, 196, 211, 217, 457
Macpherson, Nick, 113, 114, 351, 379
Madagascar, 137
Made in Britain (Smith), 82
Maggie’s Cancer Caring Centre, 329
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 26
Mahmood, Tahir, 158
maiden speech (1983), 69
Major, John, 13, 25, 77, 82, 91, 115, 119, 162, 176, 221, 411
Making Mass Membership Work, 76
Malaysia, 203, 273
al-Maliki, Nouri, 261, 263, 264
Malloch Brown, Mark, 203, 213
Manchester, England, 196, 207
Manclark, George, 61
Mandela, Nelson, 1–2, 191, 216–17, 245, 390
Mandelson, Peter, 347, 440
1987 general election, 75
1994 Whelan recommended for shadow Treasury press secretary, 91; leadership election, 95, 96, 100; takes responsibility for campaign planning, 102
1997 debate on euro entry, 177, 178, 180
2009 Third Way Conference, 327; Browne Review launched, 239
2010 general election, 369, 381, 382
Mangal, Gulab, 281
Mann, Bruce, 215
Manning, David, 258
Mansion House, London, 181
manufacturing, 24
Marcuse, Herbert, 44
Margareta of Romania, 52–3
Marjah, Helmand, 11
market economy, 81, 439
Marmot, Michael (2008–2010), 232
Marr, Andrew, 49, 219, 223
married couple’s allowance, 139, 140, 143, 144, 147, 167
Marshall Plan, 291, 339
Marxism, 44, 53
Maryhill, Glasgow, 404
Massachusetts, United States, 54
Massereene Barracks shooting (2009), 16
Mastiff vehicles, 276
Mauritius, 137
Maxton, James, 75–6, 362
Maxwell, Robert, 190
May, Theresa, 25, 31, 142, 240, 368
Mbeki, Thabo, 199
McBride, Damian, 18, 198, 215, 220, 366
McCain, John, 302
McCarthy, Callum, 188, 297
McCartney, Ian, 133
McCartney, Paul, 186
McChrystal, Stanley, 279, 282–3, 287
McCrone, David, 395, 402
McDonald, Simon, 200
McDonnell, John, 196, 412
McDougall, Blair, 400
McFadden, Patrick, 204
McGuinness, Martin, 16, 201
McIntyre, Jim, 61
McKillop, Tom, 315
McKinsey, 134
McNeill, Kirsty, 19, 373, 380, 382, 401, 404
Meacher, Michael, 89
means-tested benefits, 69
Medvedev, Dmitry, 213, 330
Meet the Challenge, Make the Change (Kinnock), 89–90
Melbourne, Lord, see Lamb, William
Mendelsohn, John, 222
Merchiston, Edinburgh, 97
Merkel, Angela, 5–6, 18, 199, 242, 362
and banking levy, 341, 342
Copenhagen Climate Change Conference (2009), 337
financial crisis (2008–2009), 18, 300, 301, 314, 316, 324
G20 London summit (2009), 329–30, 332–3
Russia, relations with, 212
UK visit (2007), 216
Merlin helicopters, 276
Merrill Lynch, 298
Methodism, 33
Mexico, 328
Meyer, Christopher, 254
MI6, 47, 250
Mid-Staffordshire Foundation Trust, 231
Midlothian, Scotland, 403
Milanovic, Branco, 453
Milburn, Alan, 168–70, 186, 203
Miliband, David, 202, 203, 209, 213, 274, 304, 312
Miliband, Edward ‘Ed’, 92, 202, 220
EU membership referendum (2016), 411, 412
general election (2010), 382
general election (2015), 407
Iraq apology (2010), 389
and New Deal, 128–9
and NHS reform, 163
speech writing, 104
Scottish independence referendum (2014), 400, 403
as Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, 201
and tax credits, 129
Militant Tendency, 74, 85
Millbank, London, 106
Millennium Dome, London, 29
miners’ strike (1974), 53
miners’ strike (1984–1985), 71–3
minimum wage, 133, 146, 367, 439, 460
Ministry of Defence, 136, 250, 255, 257, 272, 273, 276
Ministry of Overseas Aid, 136
Mitchell, Andrea, 220
modernisation, 79, 85, 92, 95, 102, 124, 169–70, 184–5, 189, 440–41
Moffat, Alistair, 58
Monaco, 154
monarchy, 22
monetarism, 24, 26, 60, 69
Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), 119–20, 353
Monks, John, 110
moon rock, 7–8
Moor View, Plymouth, 373
Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, 49
‘moral compass’, 219–20, 431, 433
moral hazard, 297, 298, 306
moral values, 423–33
Morecambe, Lancashire, 100
Morgan, Eddie, 409
Morgan, Piers, 160
Morley, John, 208
Morris, Estelle, 234
mortgage tax relief, 139, 140, 143–4, 147, 167
mortgages, 19, 25, 82, 116, 133, 298, 346–7
Mowlam, Marjorie ‘Mo’, 86
Mozambique, 191
MPs’ expenses scandal (2009), 12–14, 366, 389
MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), 37
Muggeridge, Malcolm, 44
Muir, David, 280, 336, 354, 359, 367, 370
Mulgan, Geoff, 91
Multilateral Development Banks, 335
multiplier effect, 357
Munro, Sheila, 158, 160
Murdoch, Rupert, 95, 167, 176, 189, 220, 289–90, 368–9, 393
Murray, Andrew, 308
Murray, Ian, 58, 406
Murray, Neil, 216, 222
Musa Qala, Helmand, 10, 11, 275, 287
Musharraf, Pervez, 279
mutual assessment process (MAP), 336
My Scotland, Our Britain (Brown), 401
Myers, Richard, 253
Myners, Paul, 224
N
Nad-e Ali, Helmand, 11
Nairn, Tom, 55
Naked Diplomat, The (Fletcher), 200–201
Napoleon III, emperor of the French, 35
Narey, David, 60
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 11
Natcen, 446
nation-building, 265, 270, 284, 291–3
National Audit Office, 131
National Changeover Plan, 181
National Coal Board, 62
National Council for Single Parents, 216
National Council for Voluntary Organisations, 218
National Economic Council, US, 342
National Executive Committee, 87
National Freight, 105
National Health Service (NHS), 8, 10, 29, 34, 46, 70–71, 76, 107, 157–71, 229–33, 420, 446, 447, 456, 460
Darzi Review (2007), 203, 222, 231
foundation hospitals, 168–70
personalisation, 196, 219, 229–31
and private sector, 163, 166, 168–70, 440
and social care, 232, 442
and tax, 4, 83, 101, 102, 112, 154, 155, 156, 162–8, 233, 349, 363, 441, 459
national identity, 23, 29–30, 394–417
National Institute of Economic and Social Research, 130
National Insurance, 12–14, 82, 102–3, 155, 163–8, 233, 349, 354, 453
National Intelligence Estimate, 254
National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh, 235
National Security Strategy, 204
National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), 62
nationalisation, 25, 34, 79, 80, 81, 102
nationalism, 22–3, 29–30, 397, 407
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation), 56, 213, 241, 248, 269, 275, 277, 279, 330
NatWest Bank, 164
Naughtie, Alexander James ‘Jim’, 94, 109
Nazi Germany (1933–1945), 40, 80
NBC, 220
Nellist, David, 66
Nelson, Horatio, 223
‘neoclassical endogenous growth theory’, 103–4
neoliberalism, 23–6, 28, 141, 378, 438, 440, 449–50, 457
Netanyahu, Benjamin, 244
Netherlands, 36, 272, 309, 321, 324, 326
Nevada, United States, 44, 154
New Britain, 27–8, 395
New Covenant, 28
New Deal, 8, 25, 88, 92, 105, 127–31, 439
New Deal (US), 28, 129, 361
New Economic Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), 326
New Frontier, 28
New Labour, 22–3, 27, 79, 102, 145, 170, 438–41, 448
New Statesman, 380
New Woman, 21
New York, United States, 125, 176, 214, 302, 309
Federal Reserve, 297, 312
September 11 attacks (2001), 182, 247–8, 269
United Nations, 312, 324–5, 336
University, 245
New Zealand, 67, 123, 199
Newcastle, Tyne and Wear, 76, 372
News International, 190
News of The World, 393
Newsnight, 95
‘Newspaper of the Year’, 47
Nicklaus, Jack, 308
Nigeria, 390, 392, 410
Nimruz, Afghanistan, 287
Nobel Prize, 26, 312, 392
Norfolk, England, 373
Norman, Montagu, 352
Normandy beach, 11
North Sea, 36, 37
oil, 59
North, Frederick, 414
Northern Ireland, 16–17, 29, 30, 154, 199, 212, 367–8, 375