Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), 16–17, 201, 368
financial package (2007), 212
general election (2010), 368, 375
general election (2017), 368
Good Friday Agreement (1998), 16, 17, 368
Justice Ministry, 16
Massereene Barracks shooting (2009), 16
Parades Commission, 16
Police Museum, 17
Presbyterian Mutual Society, 17
Royal Ulster Constabulary, 17
Sinn Féin, 16, 17, 201, 374
Stormont, 212, 367–8
Ulster Unionist Party, 368, 375
Northern League, 270
Northern Rock, 211, 218, 295–6, 299
Norway, 244, 286, 324, 392
Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, 100
nuclear weapons, 61, 80, 81, 252, 253, 254, 330
Nuffield College, Oxford, 51
Nye, Sue, 91, 99, 100, 182, 198, 199, 220, 247, 248, 328, 389
O
O-Grade exams, 35
O’Connell, Daniel, 69
O’Donnell, Augustine ‘Gus’, 302, 351, 375, 377, 378, 385
O’Neill, Martin, 54
O’Neill, Thomas ‘Tip’, 54
Obama, Barack, 2, 21, 28, 362, 459
2008 meeting on financial crisis, 302; election campaign, 313, 328, 362
2009 formation of administration, 278; appointment of Holbrooke, 279; Riedel Review, 279, 282; fiscal stimulus announced, 328; Brown makes visit, 326; G20 London summit, 2, 18, 280, 328–31, 334; D-Day anniversary, 11; McChrystal submits report on Afghanistan, 282–3; G20 Pittsburgh summit, 336; announces troop surge and drawdown in Afghanistan, 12, 285, 286; demands Pakistani action on terrorism, 284; Copenhagen Climate Change Conference, 337, 338
2010 discussions on banking levy, 341, 342
2012 presidential election, 371
Obama, Michelle, 329, 330
Obamacare, 233
Observer, 354
Ofcom, 92, 290, 369
Office for Fair Access, 237
Office of Budget Responsibility, 346, 357, 358
Office of Fair Trading, 134
Office of Management and Budget, 186
Office of National Statistics, 303
oil, 59, 71, 123, 142–3, 212, 303, 399
Okonjo-Iweala, Ngozi, 331
Olmert, Ehud, 243, 244
Olympic Games, 26, 29, 215, 245, 283, 333, 396
Oman, 243
‘one member, one vote’, 87–8, 91
One Nation, 164
Open University, 38
Operation Desert Fox (1998), 249
Operation Enduring Freedom (2001–2014), 248
Operation Hope Not (1965), 394
Operation Panther’s Claw (2009), 281, 285, 287
Operation Sinbad (2006–2007), 261
opium, 269, 270, 274
Orange Book, The (Laws), 378
Orders in Council, 199, 226
Ordnance Survey, 185
organ donation, 426
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 335, 357
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 142
Orwell, George, 413
Osborne, George, 144, 312, 358, 454
2007 pledge to match Labour’s spending promises, 350; formation of coalition, 379, 385
2008 opposition to stimulus, 355–6
2010 pledge on married couple’s allowance, 144; general election, 409
2014 Scottish independence referendum, 400–401, 402
2015 general election, 409, 412; U-Turn on tax credits, 142
2016 EU membership referendum, 409, 410, 412, 413
Ottawa, Ontario, 125
Overend Gurney & Company, 295
overleveraging, 297
Owen, David, 202
Owen, Michael 421
Oxford University, 51, 237, 357–8
P
Paisley and Renfrewshire South, Scotland, 399
Paisley, Ian, 16, 201, 420
Pakistan, 12, 224, 248, 278–9, 284, 392
Palestine, 243–4, 251
Palmerston, Lord, see Temple, Henry John
Panama Papers (2016), 154
Parades Commission, 16
Paris Agreement (2015–16), 338, 390, 443
Park Lane Hotel, London, 93
Parker, Lucy, 198
patriotism, 394
Patten, Christopher, 110
Paul, Gregg, 146
Paul, Swraj, 74, 161
Paulson, Hank, 296, 306, 311, 312, 313, 319, 320
Peckham, London, 372
Peel, Robert, 216
Pelé, 245
pensions, 107–8, 110, 134, 148–9, 188, 346, 354, 404, 426, 448
Pension Act (2007), 108
Pension Commission, 108
pension credit, 140, 148, 152
pensioner poverty, 4, 8, 73, 103, 108, 138, 140, 148–9, 460
People’s Constitutional Convention, 415
personalisation, 196, 219, 229–31, 233–5
Perth, Perth and Kinross, 55
Perthshire, Scotland, 40
Peston, Robert, 295
Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, 240
Peterloo Massacre (1819), 414
Petraeus, David, 221, 261, 262, 282, 293, 420
philately, 34–5
Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, 52, 108
Philippines, 13
Phineas Finn (Trollope), 69
phone-hacking scandal (2011), 190
Pinochet, Augusto, 327
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 19, 336
‘platoon house’ strategy, 273
Plymouth, Devon, 68, 373
Poet Laureate, 19
poetry, 19–20
Poland, 334
policing, 239–41
political homelessness, 446–7
Politics of Nationalism and Devolution, The (Drucker and Brown), 57
poll tax, 80, 84, 141
Portugal, 242, 321, 324
pound, devaluation of, 21, 90–91, 123
poverty, 81–2, 92, 135, 139–56, 367, 390, 441, 444
of children, 4, 8, 112, 138, 139, 140, 145–8, 150, 151
global, 136–8, 244–5, 338, 390, 391
and laziness, 69
of pensioners, 4, 8, 103, 108, 138, 140, 148–9
Powell, Jonathan, 178, 199
Pre-Budget Reports, 134, 143, 150, 222
Presbyterian Mutual Society, 17
Presbyterianism, 33, 44
Prescott, John, 439, 442, 454
1985 promotes Regional Development Agencies, 74
1992 leadership election, 86
1993 introduction of ‘one member, one vote’, 88
1994 leadership election, 95, 97
1997 trip to Hong Kong, 110
1999 highlights north–south divide, 135
2001 election campaign; punches man in Rhyl, 165
2002 dispute over foundation hospitals, 170
2003 decision on tuition fees, 237; debate on euro entry, 182
2004 Blair decides to stay on as PM, 185
Press Association, 100, 180
Primarolo, Dawn, 146
Primrose, Archibald, 5th Earl of Rosebery, 51, 196
privatisation, 25, 74, 80, 105, 440
Privy Council, 52, 197
Prodi, Romano, 199, 300
productivity, 27, 115, 124, 132, 133, 441, 452
profit-sharing, 453
‘progressive universalism’, 148
‘Project Autumn’, 106
‘Project Fear’, 400, 409–10
protectionism, 30, 36, 325–6, 335, 336, 351, 450, 459
Provincial Reconstruction Teams, 270, 274, 287
‘prudence for a purpose’, 90
public sector, 28, 81, 112, 134–6, 170, 185, 192, 298, 341, 349–59
Public Service Agreements, 135
public spending, 89–90, 104, 131–3, 349–59, 365
reviews, 134–6
public-private partnerships (PPPs), 81, 92, 104, 135–6, 185, 440
Pun, Kumar, 10
Purnell, James, 201, 207, 352
Putin, Vladimir, 212–13
Q
al-Qaeda, 269, 270, 274, 278, 283, 292
September 11 attacks (2001), 182, 247–8, 269
Qatar, 243, 286, 301, 304, 317
quantitative easing, 304
Queen’s Speech, 207, 380
Queensferry, Edinburgh, 97, 158, 282
R
Radio Auckland, 67
Radio Four, 89
RAF Brize Norton, Oxfordshire, 268
RAF Lyneham, Wiltshire, 268
Rainey, M. T. 422
Raith Rovers F.C., 21, 35–6, 60, 216
Ramsden, David, 174
Ramzan, Shazia, 392
Rasmussen, Anders, 314, 324
Ravenscraig Park, Kirkcaldy, 39
Rawls, John, 430
Reagan, Ronald, 451–2
recapitalisation, 305, 311–21
recessions, 27, 115
1973–1976, 55
1979–1981, 55, 128, 354
1990–1992, 25, 78, 82, 83, 90, 128
2008–2009, 3, 15, 18–19, 31, 91, 122, 123, 148, 242, 303, 323–44
Red Lion pub, Westminster, 179
Red Paper on Scotland, The, 55
refugees, 392
Regional Command (Afghanistan), 287
Regional Development Agencies, 74
regulatory system, 188
Reich, Robert, 92, 103
Reid, Alex, 56
Reid, James ‘Jimmy’, 62
Reid, John, 271, 272, 273
religion, 425–31, 455
Resolute Desk, 328
‘responsibility to protect’, 291
retinal detachment, 45–9, 162
Reynolds, Debby, 215, 218
Rhodesia (1965–1979), 43, 53
Rhyl, Denbighshire, 165
Riaz, Kainat, 392
Rice, Condoleezza, 191, 213
Richards, Edward, 92
Richardson, Nick, 288
Riddell, Peter, 385–6
Ridley, Nicholas, 80
Riedel, Bruce, 279
‘Road Not Taken, The’ (Frost), 3
Road to 1945, The (Addison), 47
Road to the Manifesto, 61
Robert I ‘the Bruce’, King of Scots, 405
Robertson, George, 56, 68, 96
Robinson, David, 422
Robinson, Geoffrey, 106, 133, 176
Robinson, Nick, 213–14
Robinson, Peter, 16, 17
Rocard, Michel, 93
Rochdale, Manchester, 371
Rogoff, Ken, 123
Rolling Stones, The, 26
Romania, 247, 275
Romer, Christina, 336
Romney, Mitt, 371
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 129, 327, 354, 361
Rosebery, Lord, see Primrose, Archibald
Ross, Ben, 10
Ross, William, 66
Rosyth, Fife, 60, 61, 73, 136, 235, 308
Rothschild, Emma, 390
Rowley, Alex, 76, 399
Rowling, J. K., 26, 216, 222, 331
Roy of the Rovers, 35
Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS), 185, 301, 308–9, 315, 316, 317–18, 320–21, 343
Royal British Legion, 394, 404
Royal Brompton Hospital, London, 229
Royal College of Nursing Congress, 10
Royal Festival Hall, London, 113
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh 45–7, 48, 159, 160
Royal Marsden Hospital, London, 229
Royal Military Police, 10
Royal Mint, 185
Royal Prerogative, 206
Royal Regiment of Scotland, 10
Royal Ulster Constabulary, 17
Royal Wootton Bassett, Wiltshire, 268
Royall, Jan, 331
Rudd, Kevin, 242, 324, 327, 333, 337, 424
rugby, 2, 45
Rumsfeld, Donald, 253–4
Rusbridger, Alan, 376
Rushton, Willie, 41
Russell, Beth, 125, 200
Russia, 28–9, 105, 137, 212–13, 436
and Afghanistan, 269, 292
coup attempt (1991), 247
financial crisis (1998), 122
fiscal stimulus, 348
and G8 group, 212–13, 301
and G20 London summit (2009), 328, 330
Litvinenko murder (2006), 212
Rwanda, 214, 249, 460–61
Ryden, Nick, 97, 99
S
Sacks, Jonathan, 424
Sainsbury Review of Science, 221
Sainsbury, David, 203, 412
Salisbury, Lord, see Gascoyne-Cecil, Robert
Salmond, Alex, 201, 205, 374, 398, 400, 402, 405, 407
Salmond, Stephen, 40
Sandel, Michael, 390, 431
Sands, Phillipe, 258
Sanghera, Jasvinder, 331
Sangin, 287
Sangin, Helmand, 10, 11, 275, 283
Sarkozy, Nicolas, 11, 199, 242
and banking levy, 341, 342
Dalai Lama meeting (2008), 334
G20 London summit (2009), 329–30, 331, 332, 334
and Iraq invasion (2003), 242
and Israel–Palestine conflict, 244
financial crisis (2008–2009), 300, 301, 314, 316, 318, 325
and tax havens, 330, 334–5
Saudi Arabia, 243, 244, 303
Save the Children, 391
‘Save the Pound’, 181
Scargill, Arthur, 71, 73
Schäuble, Wolfgang, 362
Schlesinger, Arthur, 28–9
Scholar, Tom, 118, 199, 200, 302
Schulz, Martin, 411
Schwab, Klaus, 300
Scotland, 4, 23, 29, 30, 31, 390, 394–407
Battle of Bannockburn (1314), 405
and Britishness, 395–6, 406
Calman Commission (2009–2010), 18, 399
Commonwealth Games (2014), 405
Court of Session, 52
devolution, 55–7, 397–8, 399, 415–17
devolution referendum (1979), 57
Glasgow airport attack (2007), 205, 214
independence referendum (2014), 7, 23, 400–407, 408
oil, 399
Olympic football, 396
Parliament, 18, 374, 397–8, 402, 406, 408, 416
poll tax introduced (1989), 80
religion, 33, 398–9
Smith Commission (2014), 403
unemployment, 50
Scotland Act (1978), 57
Scotsman, 99
Scott, Christina, 15
Scott, Walter, 20
Scottish Constitutional Convention, 397
Scottish Daily Mail, 40
Scottish Football Association, 396
Scottish Labour Party, 55–7, 60–61, 99, 201, 397–406
Scottish Liberal Democrats, 374, 398
Scottish Mineworkers’ Union, 73
Scottish National Party (SNP), 54, 55, 398
1967 Hamilton by-election, 56
1977 local elections, 55
1978 Glasgow Garscadden by-election, 55–6
1978 Hamilton by-election, 56
1979 devolution referendum, 57; vote of no confidence in Callaghan, 57
1988 Govan by-election, 77
2007 parliamentary election, 374, 398; COBRA meeting on Glasgow attack, 205
2010 general election, 399
2011 parliamentary election, 399, 400
2012 local elections, 399
2014 Cowdenbeath by-election, 399; independence referendum, 400, 402, 403, 405–6
2015 general election, 365, 399, 407
Scottish Poor Laws, 401
Scottish Television (STV), 59
Scouts, 394
Sea King helicopters, 277
Secular Age, A (Taylor), 428
‘secular stagnation’, 444
Securities and Exchange Commission, 297
‘securitisation vehicles’, 298–9
Sedgefield, County Durham, 85, 252
self-employment, 134, 155
Sen, Amartya, 390, 450
Sendai, Japan, 410
September 11 attacks (2001), 182, 247–8, 269
September dossier (2002), 255–6
Sergeant, John, 175–6
Seville, Spain, 59
Sewel convention, 416
Sexton, John, 245
shadow banking system, 297, 299–300
Shakespeare, William, 413
Shakira, 393
Shaw, George Bernard, 58, 68
Sheffield Forgemasters, 15
Sheffield, South Yorkshire, 15, 84
Sheldon, Adrian, 10
Sheppard, David, 425
Sherlock, Maeve, 146
shipbuilding industry, 33, 62, 405
Shipley, West Yorkshire, 130
short selling, 311
Short, Clare, 66, 136–7, 182, 250
Shrum, Marylouise, 83, 220
Shrum, Robert ‘Bob’, 83, 163, 220, 223
Sierra Leone, 249
Sillars, James ‘Jim’, 55
Simon, David, 177
Singh, Manmohan, 199, 242, 324, 325, 338
single mothers, 70
Sinn Féin, 16, 17, 201, 374
sit-ins, 47, 51
Six O’Clock News, 373
Skidelsky, Edward, 444
Skidelsky, Robert, 356, 358, 444
Skinner, Dennis, 87
Sky, 369
Slough, Berkshire, 128, 229
Slovakia, 284
Small Business Finance Scheme, 346
Smeaton, John, 214
Smith Commission (2014), 403
Smith, Adam, 33, 36, 242, 390, 424, 431
Smith, Andrew, 128
Smith, Catherine, 93
Smith, Elizabeth, 94, 96, 97
Smith, Ian, 43
Smith, Jacqui, 202, 204, 208–9, 240
Smith, Jane, 93
Smith, Jean Edward, 354
Smith, John, 102, 106, 397, 438
1983 introduces Brown to Blair, 65; leadership election, 68
1985 Brown joins Trade and Industry team, 74
1987 Brown appointed shadow Secretary to the Treasury, 77
1988 shadow Budget, 78, 164; suffers heart attack, 78
1989 returns to shadow cabinet, 79; visits European capitals, 90
1992 general election, 82, 83; leadership election, 85–6; Black Wednesday, 91
1993 introduction of ‘one member, one vote’, 87–8
1994 death, 93–4, 98; funeral, 99
Smith, Sarah, 93
Smith, Sid, 43
Smuts, Jan, 216
Snatch Land Rovers, 276
‘snooper squads’, 70
Snow, Charles Percy, 203
Snow, John, 191
Snowden, Philip, 351
social care, 232
Social Democratic Party (SDP), 67
Social Democratic Party of Italy, 411
Social Market Foundation, 168
social media, 6–7, 30, 361–2, 369, 433, 444
Social Work (Scotland) Act (1968), 72
Sócrates, José, 324