448 chanticleer rooster
451 waits upon attends/anticipates
453 the for the
455 passion acute grief
459 fathom five five fathoms (thirty feet) deep
462 fade decompose
463 suffer undergo
465 knell funeral bell
468 ditty song/lyrics
468 does remember recalls/commemorates
469 mortal human (plays on the sense of "deathly")
470 owes owns
471 fringed curtains i.e. eyelids
471 advance open
472 yond yonder, over there
475 brave handsome, noble, splendid
477 gallant fashionable, handsome young man
478 but except that
478 something somewhat
479 canker infection, corruption
480 goodly handsome, fine
483 natural human
486 prompts directs, urges, wills
489 airs Ariel's songs
489 Vouchsafe grant (that)
490 remain live
492 bear me behave
493 wonder plays on the Latin root of Miranda's name ("mirandus"--i.e. "wonderful") 494 maid human/a virgin, unmarried
498 best i.e. highest in rank (a king, assuming his father is drowned) 499 where i.e. Naples
502 single thing solitary/a bachelor/one and the same person (as the King of Naples) 503 He i.e. as I am now king and hear my own grief 505 ebb low tide (i.e. without tears)
509 son Antonio's son is never mentioned again; perhaps Shakespeare forgot or cut the part, neglecting this reference 509 twain separated
511 control challenge/govern
513 changed eyes gazed at one another, exchanged loving looks 513 Delicate fine/ethereal
515 done ... wrong i.e. spoken falsely in your claim to be king 516 ungently harshly/discourteously
521 your ... forth you have not fallen in love with or betrothed yourself to someone else 523 Soft wait a moment
524 either's each other's
525 uneasy difficult
525 light easy, but in next line sense shifts to "less valuable/unchaste"
526 charge command
527 attend listen to, take heed of
528 ow'st not do not own
530 on't of it (the island)
532 temple i.e. Ferdinand's body
539 fresh-brook mussels inedible freshwater mussels
542 entertainment treatment/hospitality
546 gentle noble/courteous
546 fearful frightening
548 foot i.e. inferior body part (proverbial: "do not make the foot the head") 550 ward defensive posture
556 surety guarantor
558 chide scold/punish
560 shapes i.e. men
562 To compared to
568 nerves sinews, muscles
569 vigour strength
571 spirits vital powers/senses
575 through i.e. from
576 all corners else everywhere else
581 do me do for me
584 unwonted uncharacteristic
587 then i.e. if that is to be the case
Act 2 Scene 1
3 much beyond far outweighs
3 hint circumstance, occasion
5 masters ... merchant officers of some merchant ship
8 weigh balance
10 peace possibly Sebastian puns on "peas" by introducing 11 porridge, a vegetable stew
12 visitor charitable visitor offering comfort or advice 13 wit intelligence
16 tell count (the strokes)
17 entertained received
19 dollar a large silver coin (playing on the sense of entertainer as "performer") 20 Dolour sorrow
21 purposed intended
22 wiselier more profoundly/wittily
25 spare desist
29 crow i.e. speak
31 cockerel young cock/young man
32 wager bet, stake
33 A laughter "he wins that laughs" (proverbial); may also play on the sense of "the whole number of eggs laid by a hen before she is ready to sit"
35 desert deserted
36 Ha ... paid most editors assume that the speakers of these two lines should be reversed, so that Antonio wins the bet and laughs, then Sebastian replies that the laugh pays off the debt; but it could be that Sebastian laughs in response to Adrian's words (seems deserted?--of course it's deserted) and that by doing so he has paid off the bet 42 subtle refined
43 temperance moderate climate (Antonio's response treats Temperance as the name of a woman) 44 delicate pleasure-seeking, voluptuous
45 subtle crafty, sexually experienced
45 learnedly delivered uttered authoritatively
48 fen bog, marshland
52 lusty of vigorous growth
53 tawny yellowish brown
54 eye tinge
57 rarity exceptional nature
58 credit belief
59 vouched acknowledged
62 new-dyed brand new
66 pocket up conceal
68 Afric Africa
69 Tunis North African city, now the capital of Tunisia
74 Dido's Dido, Queen of Carthage, was the widow of Sychaeus, but was famed for her love affair with Aeneas; she committed suicide when he left her; there may also be a lewd pun on the slang term "dido" (genitals/dildo) 75 How ... in? Antonio contests the reference to an abandoned woman as a widow 77 'widower Aeneas' Aeneas had been married to Creusa, who died in the sack of Troy 79 study of examine, meditate on
81 This ... Carthage Tunis was about ten miles from Carthage and became the most important city in the region after Carthage fell 84 miraculous harp in Greek mythology, Amphion's music caused the walls of Thebes to rebuild themselves 89 kernels pips
96 rarest most splendid/beautiful
97 Bate disregard
98 Ay, widow Dido if there is a missing speech prefix, this could be a cynical interjection from Sebastian 99 doublet close-fitting jacket
100 in a sort to some extent
101 sort perhaps a reference to the drawing of lots or to the "sorting" of fish for market 104 stomach appetite/inclination
104 sense disposition
106 rate opinion
112 surges waves
116 oared rowed
117 lusty vigorous
118 wave-worn basis the eroded base of the cliff rising from the shore 119 As as if
124 loose release, turn loose (as one would an animal) 126 Who probably applies to Alonso's eye, but possibly to Claribel 126 wet the grief weep
128 importuned pleaded with
130 loathness loathing, repulsion
131 Which ... bow which half of the scales should sink 136 dear'st most precious/significant part (i.e. Ferdinand) 139 time i.e. appropriate time
142 chirurgeonly surgeon-like
147 plantation opportunity for colonization (Antonio plays on the sense of "planting") 148 nettle-seed ... mallows common wild plants/weeds
151 want lack
152 by ... things implement the opposite to what is usual 153 traffic trade, commerce
155 Letters scholarship, learning
156 use of service practice of having servants
156 succession inheritance
157 Bourn land boundary
157 tilth farmed land
165 in common communal
167 pike spear
167 engine device/machinery/weapon
169 foison plenty
174 golden age in classical mythology, the earliest of ages, when life was idyllic 177 mark hear, observe
179 minister occasion provide an opportunity (for laughter) 180 sensible responsive, sensitive
181 nimble agile, swift to respond
181 use are accustomed
186 An ... flat-long if it had not been delivered with the flat side of the sword (rather than the sharp edge) 187 metal puns on "mettle" (constitution, courage)
188
sphere position in the heavens
188 five weeks i.e. rather than the usual four, which ought to be long enough 190 a-batfowling catching roosting birds/swindling
192 warrant assure
192 adventure ... weakly risk my sound judgment for such a slight cause 194 heavy drowsy
200 omit reject, ignore
200 it i.e. sleep
211 as as if
215 occasion speaks opportunity speaks to
218 waking awake
227 wink'st shut your eyes (i.e. refuse to see what is in front of you) 229 distinctly meaningfully, clearly
231 custom usual self
232 heed you heed
233 Trebles thee o'er makes you three times greater
234 standing water not ebbing or flowing (i.e. open to ideas/idle) 237 Hereditary sloth natural laziness/my position as younger brother to a king 239 If ... it if only you realized that your mockery reveals your intentions/if only you realized that despite your mockery you harbor genuine desires 241 invest clothe, adorn
241 Ebbing declining
244 say on speak more, go on
245 setting look/fixed appearance
246 matter of importance
247 throes ... yield gives you much pain to bring forth 249 lord i.e. Gonzalo
249 remembrance memory
250 of ... memory as little remembered
251 earthed dead and buried
252 spirit of expert at, epitome of
252 only Professes (as an adviser) makes it his sole vocation 260 high a hope i.e. of gaining the crown
261 Ambition ... there ambition itself could not glimpse it and doubt that there is anything to achieve/ambition itself could not ordinarily proceed a fraction further without fear of discovery 268 leagues a league was about three miles
268 man's life a lifetime's journey
269 note communication/information
269 post messenger
271 from whom i.e. returning from whose wedding 272 cast vomited up
274 Whereof ... prologue in relation to which all that has gone before is only a prelude to what is to come 275 discharge performance/management
276 stuff notion/rubbish
279 space distance
280 cubit about twenty inches (the length of the forearm) 282 Measure us back travel back over us (i.e. retrace her steps) 282 Keep remain
283 wake i.e. to his opportunity
286 he i.e. Alonso
286 prate prattle
288 make ... chat train a jackdaw to be as profound
289 bore ... do shared my intention/were of my way of thinking/were resolved like me 293 content liking
294 Tender value, regard
296 supplant overthrow
298 garments i.e. his duke's robes
299 feater with a better fit
300 fellows companions, equals
300 men servants
302 kibe chilblain, blister
303 put me to force me to wear
304 deity i.e. conscience
305 candied made of ice, crystallized
311 perpetual wink endless sleep
311 aye ever
312 morsel piece of flesh/scrap
313 Should not must not be allowed to
315 tell ... hour declare it is whatever time we require/agree to any business that we propose 320 tribute annual sum payable by Antonio to Naples in return for receiving Alonso's help in deposing Prospero 323 rear raise
328 project plan
331 time opportunity
338 ghastly full of fear
353 verily certain
Act 2 Scene 2
2 flats plain, swampy ground
3 inch-meal inch by inch
4 nor neither
4 pinch torment
5 urchin-shows goblin apparitions
6 firebrand will-o'-the-wisp, moving light
9 mow grimace, make faces
13 wound wound round
13 cloven split, forked
14.1 Trinculo perhaps from the Italian trincare ("to drink eagerly") 15 Lo look
18 mind notice
19 bear off ward off
22 bombard leather wine jug
27 poor-John dried hake, a fish mainly eaten by the poor 29 fish painted i.e. on a sign to attract passersby 30 make a man make a man rich/be taken for a man
32 doit trifling sum (a small Dutch coin)
33 dead Indian American Indians were sometimes displayed to the paying public 33 Legged with legs
34 let loose take back
37 gaberdine coarse-textured cloak
39 shroud shelter
43 scurvy wretched, disagreeable
45 swabber sailor who washes the deck
49 tang sting
51 savour smell
52 tailor ... itch she would let a tailor (proverbially lecherous) have sex with her (itch may suggest venereal disease) 56 the matter happening
57 Ind India
59 proper normal/fine
59 four legs Stephano sees the legs of both Trinculo and Caliban and adapts a common proverb 60 give ground yield
61 at'nostrils through his nostrils
64 ague sickness, shaking, fever
65 relief refreshment, sustenance
66 recover revive
68 neat's leather cowhide
71 after in the manner of
73 I ... him i.e. no price can be too high for him 76 anon shortly
78 Come ... ways come on/come here
79 language ... cat "ale will make a cat speak" (proverbial) 80 shake cast off
82 chaps jaws
85 delicate extraordinary/ingeniously made/delightful
87 detract slander
92 long spoon "he should have a long spoon that sups with the devil" (proverbial) 98 lesser legs presumably Trinculo has shorter legs than Caliban 100 siege excrement (Stephano pulls Trinculo out from between Caliban's legs) 100 moon-calf monstrosity, misshapen creature, idiot (born under the moon's influence) 100 vent discharge/fart
104 overblown blown over
110 an if if
115 butt of sack barrel of Spanish white wine
123 kiss the book alludes to kissing the Bible to confirm an oath, and to the phrase "kiss the cup" (i.e. "have another drink") 124 goose simpleton; also suggests drunken giddiness
131 when time was once
132 adore worship
133 mistress i.e. Miranda
133 dog ... bush in folklore, the man in the moon had been banished there with his dog after he illegally gathered kindling (his bush) on a Sunday 136 new contents i.e. more wine
137 good light i.e. the sun
137 shallow gullible, naive
139 drawn drunk
140 sooth truth
143 perfidious treacherous
148 puppy-headed stupid
152 in drink drunk
160 crabs crab-apples
161 pignuts edible roots, earth chestnuts
162 marmoset small monkey
163 filberts hazelnuts
164 scamels of uncertain meaning; perhaps error for "seamews" (seagulls) or "shamois" (goat); a fish or shellfish has also been suggested, but rock and young go better with the goatish sense 171 for i.e. to trap
172 firing firewood
173 trencher wooden plate
176 high-day holiday
Act 3 Scene 1
1 sports activities, pastimes
1 painful arduous
1 their ... off the pleasure derived from the task is enhanced by the hard work/pleasure in undertaking the task and removes the sense of effort 2 baseness contemptible work
4 mean lowly
6 quickens enlivens
8 crabbed irritable, churlish
11 sore injunction severe command
12 baseness ... executor such a lowly task has never had such a performer 13 forget forget to work
15 Most busy least being busy seems like being at leisure, thanks to sweet thoughts of Miranda 18 enjoined bound
&nb
sp; 20 weep by releasing drops of moisture or resin
24 discharge carry out
33 become be fitting for
37 infected with love
38 visitation visit (plays on senses of "bout of plague" and "charitable visit to the poor") 41 by nearby
45 hest command
47 top epitome, pinnacle
50 bondage slavery
51 diligent attentive
54 owed owned
55 put ... foil thwarted it/disputed it (as in a swordfight) 60 glass mirror
61 friend lover
62 how ... abroad what people look like in the world
63 skilless ignorant
63 modesty virtue, chastity
64 dower dowry
68 precepts instructions, orders
70 condition social rank
74 flesh-fly fly that lays its eggs in dead flesh
74 blow contaminate/deposit eggs in/swell
81 kind event favorable outcome
82 hollowly insincerely
83 boded intended
83 mischief misfortune, harm
84 what whatever
88 Fair excellent, pleasing
89 rare special, profound
90 that which breeds that which develops/their children 94 to want for lack of
96 Hence, bashful cunning away with timid devices/coy artfulness 99 maid virgin/servant
99 fellow spouse
102 mistress sweetheart
106 As ... freedom as slavery embraces freedom
109 thousand i.e. farewells
111 surprised delightfully bewildered/taken unawares
111 withal by it
111 my ... more nothing could make me rejoice more
114 appertaining relevant to this
Act 3 Scene 2
1 Tell not me presumably to stop drinking
1 out finished
2 bear up stay standing/approach
2 board 'em get on board/attack (i.e. "drink up")
6 brained furnished with a brain/drunk
8 set drunkenly fixed/glazed (Trinculo plays on the sense of "placed") 10 tail may play on the sense of "penis" or "bottom"
13 recover reach
13 five ... leagues about 100 miles
13 off and on more or less
14 standard ensign or flag bearer (puns on the sense of "person capable of standing") 15 list wish
16 run i.e. away from battle
17 go walk
17 lie lie down/deceive
22 valiant worthy/courageous
23 case fit state, state of readiness
24 justle jostle
24 deboshed debauched, corrupted
26 monstrous huge/unnatural/befitting a monster
30 natural simpleton, idiot (plays on the sense of "normal, naturally formed") 32 if ... tree i.e. you'll be hanged like a mutineer
37 marry by the Virgin Mary (a mild oath)
37 stand stand still/listen/remain upright
40 cunning art, skill, craft
45 tale may pun on "tail," especially if Trinculo has just kicked Caliban in the backside 46 supplant uproot (plays on the sense of "usurp")
48 Mum be quiet
52 this thing i.e. Trinculo
55 compassed accomplished
56 party person in question
57 yield him thee deliver him to you
60 pied multicolored (refers to a jester's clothing)
60 patch fool/clown/rogue
64 freshes freshwater streams
66 turn ... o'doors banish any feelings of mercy