]–[>]
voyage from Vinland to Greenland, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
voyages in Vinland, [>], [>]–[>]
Gudrun the Fair, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
Guenevere, Queen, [>], [>]
Gulf of St. Lawrence, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Gull-Thorir’s Saga, [>]
Gunnar of Hlidarendi, [>], [>], [>]
hairstyles, [>]
Hakluyt, Richard, [>]
Hakon the Good (king of Norway), [>]
Hallbera, Abbess, [>], [>]
Halldorsson, Olafur, [>]–[>]
Hallgerd Long-Legs, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
Hallveig (Gudrid’s mother), [>], [>]
Harald Fine-Hair (king of Norway), [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Hauk’s Book, [>]–[>]
Havhingsten (“The Sea Stallion,” dragonship), [>], [>]–[>]
hay and haymaking, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Hayeur-Smith, Michele, [>]
Hebrides, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Hedeby, [>]–[>]
Heidarviga Saga, [>]
Hekla. See Mount Hekla, Iceland
Helgafell, Iceland, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Helgason, Agnar, [>], [>]–[>]
Hellisvellir (“Fields by the Cave”), Iceland, [>], [>]
Helluland (“Flat Stone Land”), [>], [>], [>]
Hermann of Reichenau, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
Hidden Folk (elves), [>], [>]
Hop, [>]–[>]
horses, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
as food, [>], [>]
in graves, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
skull at Glaumbaer, [>], [>]
Horsford, Eben Norton, [>], [>]
house building. See also turf houses
concrete in, [>]
turf in, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
wood in, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
household size, [>], [>]–[>]
Howley, James P., [>]
hummocks, [>]–[>]
Hvamm, Iceland, [>], [>], [>], [>]
ice
glaciers, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Greenland ice cores, [>], [>]
icebergs and drift ice, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Iceland
Arnarstapi, [>], [>], [>], [>]
chieftains of, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Christianity in, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
democracy in, [>]–[>]
diet in, [>]–[>], [>]
discovery and settlement of, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]. See also Book of Settlements, The
Drangey, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
economy of, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Eiriksstadir (“Eirik’s Homestead”), [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
farming in, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Glaumbaer. See Glaumbaer (“Farm of Merry Noise”), Iceland
Golden Age of, [>]
Helgafell, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Hellisvellir (“Fields by the Cave”), [>], [>]
Hvamm, [>], [>], [>], [>]
independence movement, [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Keldudalur, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Kolkuos, [>], [>]
Kornsa, [>], [>]
Laugarbrekka (“Hot-Springs Slope”), [>]–[>], [>], [>]
legal system of, [>]–[>]
National Museum of, Reykjavik, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Reynines (Reynistadur or “Rowan Stead”), [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Skagafjord. See Skagafjord (“Bay of the Headlands”), Iceland
Stong (house in southern Iceland), [>]
Stora Seyla (“Big Marsh”), [>], [>], [>]
Sveigakot, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
trade agreement with Norway, [>]
volcanic eruptions, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]. See also Mount Hekla, Iceland
Icelandic feldspar, [>]
Icelandic sagas. See also Egil's Saga; Grettir’s Saga; Saga of Eirik the Red, The; Saga of the Greenlanders, The; Saga of the Volsungs, The; Laxdaela Saga; Njal’s Saga
description of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
preservation of, [>]–[>]
Saga of Gudrid, [>]
status of women in, [>]–[>]
truth in, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
writing of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
illegitimacy, attitudes toward, [>], [>], [>]
inch, concept of, [>]
indigo, [>]
Ingimund the Old, [>]–[>], [>]
Ingstad, Anne Stine, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Ingstad, Helge, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Inuit, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Irish Annals, [>]
Irish National Museum, [>]
iron, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
irrigation, [>]
Island-Candle. See Oddny Eykindill
Isleif, Bishop, [>]
Isle of Lewis, Scotland, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
ivory
elephant, [>], [>]
walrus, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
jasper, [>]–[>]
Jesch, Judith, [>]
jewelry, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Jochens, Jenny, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
Jones, Gwyn, [>]–[>], [>]
juniper, [>], [>]
Karlsefni (Gudrid’s husband)
death of, [>], [>], [>], [>]
family property in Reynines, Iceland, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
and L’Anse aux Meadows, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
lineage of, [>], [>], [>]
marriage to Gudrid the Far-Traveler, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Skraelings and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
and Vinland, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
voyage to Greenland, [>], [>]–[>]
voyage from Greenland to Norway, [>]–[>], [>]
voyage from Greenland to Vinland, [>], [>]–[>]
voyage from Norway to Iceland, [>], [>]–[>]
voyage from Vinland to Greenland, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
voyages in Vinland, [>], [>]–[>]
Karlsson, Gunnar, [>], [>]
Katla, [>]–[>], [>]
Keldudalur, Iceland, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Keller, Christian, [>]
Kellogg, Robert, [>]
Kent, Rockwell, [>]
Ketil Flat-Nose, [>]–[>]
King’s Mirror, The, [>]–[>], [>]
kings of Norway, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Kipling, Rudyard, [>]
Kjartan, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
knarr (Viking cargo ship), [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Knarrarbringu (“Ship-Breast”), [>], [>]
Knut the Great (king of England and Denmark), [>], [>], [>], [>]
Kolkuos, Iceland, [>]
Kornsa, Iceland, [>], [>]
Kristjansdottir, Steinunn, [>]
Kundera, Milan, [>]
Lamont, James, [>]–[>]
Lancelot, The Knight of the Cart (Chretien de Troyes), [>], [>]
Land
námabók (“Book of Land-Taking”). See Book of Settlements, The
Landnám (Settlement Layer) tephra, [>]
L’Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
artifacts of, [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Gudrid the Far-Traveler and, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
longhouses at, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Last Judgment, [>], [>]
Latin alphabet, [>]–[>]
Laugarbrekka (“Hot-Springs Slope”), Iceland, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Laxdaela Saga, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
legal system, of Iceland, [>]–[>]
Leiðarstjarna (North Star), [>]–[>]
Leif Eiriksson, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
birth of, [>]
Christianity and, [>]–[>], [>]
discovery of Vinland, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
and L’Anse aux Meadows, [>], [>]
relationship with Thorgunna of the Hebrides, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
rescue of Gudrid, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Lewis, C. S., [>]
Lewis chessmen, [>], [>]
lice, [>]
lichen purple dye, [>], [>]
Lindisfarne, sack of, [>], [>]–[>]
linen, [>]–[>], [>]
Little Ice Age, [>]
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, [>]
longfire, [>], [>]–[>]
longhouses, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
construction of, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
at Eiriksstadir ("Eirik’s Homestead”), Iceland, [>]–[>]
in Greenland, [>], [>], [>], [>]
in Iceland, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]. See also Glaumbaer (“Farm of Merry Noise”), Iceland
midden of, [>], [>], [>]–[>]
pit houses and, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
looms, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
loom weights, [>], [>], [>]
lost-wax process, [>]–[>]
lozenge twill, [>]
Luckert, Karl, [>]–[>]
Luidprand of Cremona, [>]
Lysufjord, Greenland, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
magic, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Magnusson, Arni. See Arni Magnusson
Magnusson, Magnus, [>]
manuscripts, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
marine-reservoir effect, [>]
Markland (“Forest Land”), [>], [>], [>], [>]
marriage, [>]–[>]. See also sexuality; Gudrid the Far-Traveler
Marshalltown Company trowels, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Martensson, Linda, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
mattresses, turf used in, [>]
McAleese, Kevin, [>]–[>]
McGhee, Robert, [>]
McGovern, Tom, [>]
merchants, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Merlin, [>], [>], [>]
Micmac Indians, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
middens (garbage pits), [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
milk/dairying, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
mirages, [>]–[>]
Miramichi River, Canada, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
mitochondrial DNA, [>]
Moe, Anne Stine. See Ingstad, Anne Stine
Morris, William, [>], [>]
Motzfeldt, Kristjana, [>]–[>]
Mount Hekla, Iceland
eruption of 870, [>]
eruption of 1000, [>]
eruption of 1104, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Mowat, Farley, [>]
mythology. See Norse gods
nails, [>], [>]–[>]
National Science Foundation, [>]–[>], [>]
Native Americans. See Skraelings; Beothuck Indians; Micmac Indians
navigation, [>]–[>]
astrolabe in, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
challenges of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
distance measures in, [>]–[>]
New Brunswick, Canada, [>], [>], [>]
Miramichi River, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
Newfoundland, Canada, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Bird Cove, [>]
L’Anse aux Meadows, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Nikulas (monk), [>], [>]
nippers, [>]
Njal’s Saga, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Norman Conquest (1066), [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Norse gods, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Norsemen. See Vikings
North Pole, magnetic effects of, [>]–[>]
Norway
Christianity in, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Gokstad ship burial, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
kings of, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Oseberg ship burial, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
as ruler of Iceland, [>]
trade agreement with Iceland, [>]
Viking raids in, [>]–[>]
Viking Ship Museum, Bygdoy, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
Nuuk, Greenland, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
Nyegaard, Georg, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
oak, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Ocean Called Dark, [>]–[>]
Oddny Eykindill, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Olafsson, Gudmundur, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Olaf the Fat/Olaf the Saint (king of Norway), [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Olaf the Peacock, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Olaf the White (king of Dublin), [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Olaf Tryggvason (king of Norway), [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Olason, Vesteinn, [>]
Old Norse, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]. See also Icelandic sagas
Old Norse Homily Book, [>], [>]
Ongul. See Thorbjorn Ongul
Orkney Islands, [>], [>]
Orm (Gudrid’s foster-father), [>], [>], [>], [>]
Oseberg (Viking ship replica), [>], [>]
Oseberg ship burial, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Ostergard, Else, [>]–[>]
Otherworld, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>].
pagan gods. See Norse gods
pagan graves, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
pagan sacrifices, [>]
Pax Dei (the Peace of God), [>]
peat, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
peat ash, [>], [>]–[>]
Pencak, William, [>]
permafrost, [>], [>]
phosphate testing, [>]
photography, [>]–[>]
photosynthesis, [>]
pickling process, [>], [>]
pigs, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
pilgrimage
concept of, [>]
to Iceland, [>]
to Rome, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Pilgrim Way, [>], [>], [>]
pit houses, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
plain twill, [>]–[>], [>]
Pohl, Frederick J., [>]
Polaris. See Leiðarstjarna (North Star)
pollen analysis, [>], [>], [>]
polyethylene glycol, [>]
popes, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
pork, [>]–[>], [>]. See also pigs
pregnancy, [>]–[>]
Prose Edda (Snorri Sturluson), [>], [>]
Psalter, [>], [>]
quadrant, [>]–[>]
Quebec, Canada, [>], [>], [>], [>]
Radiocarbon, [>], [>]
Ragnarok, [>], [>], [>], [>]
Ramah chert, [>]
ransacking, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–
[>]
Raven-Floki, [>]–[>]
Rehberger, Linda, [>]–[>]
reliquary boxes, [>]–[>], [>]
remote-sensing devices, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Reynines (Reynistadur or “Rowan Stead”), Iceland, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Richer, [>]
rivets, in Viking ships, [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Rome, pilgrimage to, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Rosing, Jens, [>]–[>]
Roskilde, Denmark, [>]–[>], [>]
Roswitha of Gandersheim, [>]
Roussell, Aage, [>], [>]
rowan, [>]. See also Reynines (Reynistadur or “Rowan Stead”), Iceland.
runes, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
saddles, turf used for, [>]
saga, See Icelandic sagas
Saga of Bard Snaefellsass, [>], [>]
Saga of Bjorn the Hitardale Champion, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Saga of Eirik the Red, The, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Saga of Gudrid, [>]
Saga of Gunnlaug Serpent Tongue, The, [>]
Saga of the Greenlanders, The, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Saga of the Volsungs, The, [>]–[>]
Saga Siglar (Viking ship replica), [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
salmon, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Sandnes, Greenland, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
church at, [>], [>]
Schlederman, Peter, [>]
Scotland
Hebrides and, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Unn the Deep-Minded emigrates to Iceland, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Scott, Walter, [>]–[>], [>]
sea ice. See ice, icebergs and drift ice
seals, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Seville, Isidore de, [>]–[>]
Seville, sack of, [>], [>]
sexuality, [>]–[>]. See also marriage
Grettir’s rape scene, [>]
Guenevere-Lancelot relationship, [>], [>]
Gunnlaug-Geirrid-Katla relationship, [>]–[>], [>]
Hallgerd Long-Legs and, [>]–[>], [>]
illegitimacy, attitudes toward, [>], [>], [>]
love scenes in the sagas, [>]–[>]
Oddny Eykindill-Bjorn relationship, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
pregnancy and, [>]–[>]
roles of women and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Thorgunna of the Hebrides-Leif Eiriksson relationship, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Thurid-Bjorn relationship, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
virginity, attitudes toward, [>]–[>]
shaggy weave (fake fur), [>], [>