X chromosome
coining of phrase, 358
early research on, 9, 358–59
location of sex-determining gene on, 360–61
normal pressure hydrocephalus linked to, 257
random inactivation of, 399–400
sex determination with, 37, 358–59
X-linked diseases, 456, 466
X-Men (comic-book series), 266
Xq28 chromosome, 377–78, 379
X-ray diffraction, 142, 143, 145, 146
Yale University, 380
Yamanaka, Shinya, 404–05
Y chromosome
coining of phrase, 358
early research on, 9, 358–59
encoding of sex by single gene on, 359–60
search for male-determinant gene on, 360–62
sex determination with, 37, 358–59
unpaired nature of, 359
women with Swyer syndrome and inactivation of, 362–63
ZENK gene, in birds, 392
ZFY gene, in humans, 361–62
Zinder, Norton, 227, 228, 304, 306, 318
Zuckerkandl, Émile, 333n
An Imprint of Simon & Schuster, Inc.
1230 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10020
www.SimonandSchuster.com
Certain names and identifying characteristics have been changed.
Copyright © 2016 by Siddhartha Mukherjee, M.D.
All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form whatsoever. For information, address Scribner Subsidiary Rights Department, 1230 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020.
First Scribner hardcover edition May 2016
SCRIBNER and design are registered trademarks of The Gale Group, Inc., used under license by Simon & Schuster, Inc., the publisher of this work.
For information about special discounts for bulk purchases, please contact Simon & Schuster Special Sales at 1-866-506-1949 or business@simonandschuster.com.
The Simon & Schuster Speakers Bureau can bring authors to your live event. For more information or to book an event, contact the Simon & Schuster Speakers Bureau at 1-866-248-3049 or visit our website at www.simonspeakers.com.
Interior design by Kyle Kabel
Jacket design by Jaya Miceli
Jacket art © Gabriel Orozco, Light Signs #3 (Korea) (1995), from the exhibition Selections from the Permanent Collection, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, December 8, 1996, to April 4, 1999. Copyright © 1998 Walker Art Center
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015039962
ISBN 978-1-4767-3350-0
ISBN 978-1-4767-3353-1 (ebook)
Excerpt from “Accidentally on Purpose” from the book THE POETRY OF ROBERT FROST edited by Edward Connery Lathem. Copyright © 1928, 1969 by Henry Holt and Company, copyright © 1956 by Robert Frost. Used by permission of Henry Holt and Company, LLC. All rights reserved.
“On the Road Home” from THE COLLECTED POEMS OF WALLACE STEVENS by Wallace Stevens, copyright © 1954 by Wallace Stevens and copyright renewed 1982 by Holly Stevens. Used by permission of Alfred A. Knopf, an imprint of Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, a division of Penguin Random House LLC. All rights reserved.
Excerpt from “This Be The Verse” from THE COMPLETE POEMS OF PHILIP LARKIN by Philip Larkin, edited by Archie Burnett. Copyright © 2012 by The Estate of Philip Larkin. Reprinted by permission of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, LLC.