30th 45, 54–5, 74, 86–7, 89–90, 92, 93, 111, 113, 184, 190–7, 227, 259–60, 267, 274, 300–1, 324, 349, 441, 448–51, 458–60, 461–2, 469–70, 474, 476–7
31st 41, 79, 96, 114, 134, 135, 136–40, 141, 143, 150, 516
32nd 100, 152, 156–8, 160, 161, 162, 164, 207–8, 229, 233, 518, 519, 526–7, 540
34th 91, 97–8, 110, 111–12, 162, 164, 167–75, 226, 227, 539
36th (Irish) 62–3, 152–6, 160, 161, 162, 340
37th 248–50, 360, 518
38th (Welsh) 250–3, 254–7, 358
39th 438–40, 515
41st 375, 378, 392, 393–4, 400, 409
46th (North Midland) 71, 101, 114, 116, 122, 131, 132, 204
47th (London) 372–4, 384, 385–8, 389–92, 345, 378–9, 388, 384, 446, 452, 454–7, 548, 534
48th 60–1, 98, 114, 140, 297
49th 207, 543
50th (Northumbrian) 375, 378, 383, 384, 385, 446, 488–91
51st (Highland) 500, 507, 515, 518, 521, 524
55th 413, 463, 545
56th (London) 50, 52, 55, 56, 61–2, 75, 76–7, 87–8, 104–5, 112, 114, 116–21, 122, 123–32, 204, 359, 376–7, 400, 405, 413
61st 463–9
63rd (Royal Naval) 502–15, 517–18
Dorsetshire Regiment 42
Downes, Pte Barney 227–8, 268–9, 275–6
Dragoon Guards 274
Dray, Pte George 360
Dray, John 360
Drinkwater, Chaplain Francis 221
Dublin Trench 190, 191–2
Duke of Wellington’s Regiment 207, 543
Durham Light Infantry 137, 138–9, 176, 178, 416, 486, 488–99
Durrant, Cpl Arthur 138–9
East Lancashire Regiment 139
East Surrey Regiment 88, 103–4, 111, 187–8, 220, 520–1
East Yorkshire Regiment 79, 516
Eaucourt 1’Abbaye 59, 66, 209, 274, 362, 380, 411, 446–7, 530
Ebbetts, Cpl Robert 121
Eck Trench 121, 123, 129
Edward VII, King 21
Emmett, Pte Reginald 419, 420–1, 422
Engall, 2nd Lt Jack 104–5
Englebelmer 81
Essex Regiment 148, 291, 507
Eversmann, Pte 93, 107–8, 158–9
Exe Trench 115, 129
Fabeck Graben Line 320; Trench 383
Falfemont Farm 199, 324, 328, 331, 333, 334, 335, 344
Falkenhayn, Gen. Erich von 35–6, 366, 529
Fanshawe, Lt Gen. E.A. 500
Farrer, Pte Basil 45, 113, 349–50
Faversham, Col. the Earl of 399
Fayolle, Gen. 197
Feilding, Lt Col. Rowland 343
Female Trench 129
Fen Trench 115, 129
Ferguson, Lt Lionel 212–13, 237, 239–41
Ferret Trench 115, 130
Field Ambulance Brigade 474, 477, 520
Fields, Pte Francis 298, 300, 335–6
Fifth (Reserve) Army 63, 205, 229, 295, 297, 302, 323, 329, 362, 377, 379, 383, 416, 423, 464, 484, 485, 500
First Army 20–1, 22, 24, 25
Fitzgerald, Lt Col. Alfred 176
Flank Trench 134
Flaucourt ridge 65
Fleming, Pte Morrison 41
Flers 59, 209, 265, 274, 362, 369, 383, 392, 450; battle of Flers-Courcelette 361, 362, 370, 378–9, 380, 381–95; tanks enter Flers 396-400; 401–8, 414; 411, 453, 530
Flers Support Trench 393
Flers Trench 391, 393, 396, 397–8
Foaden, Lance Cpl John 121, 128–9
Foch, Marshal Ferdinand 71
Fokker Monoplane EIII 198, 200
Fourth Army 63, 66, 68, 70, 72, 132, 199, 204, 205, 209, 258, 262–3, 275, 282, 295, 297, 323, 327–8, 333, 362, 369, 377, 383, 405, 446, 472, 485, 524
Fourth Avenue 309
Framvilliers 372, 373
France
as European power 16
and Entente Cordiale 17, 222, 531
see also French Army Frankfort Trench 515
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke 18
Fraser-Tytler, Maj. Neil 87, 267, 274, 449–50, 458–60, 474, 476–7
Frégicourt 362, 380, 411, 415
French Army
disastrous offensive in Alsace-Lorraine 19
joint Allied offensive planned 33, 34–5
and Verdun 36–7, 71, 222, 224, 325, 410
French sector 199, 205, 224, 258, 266, 282, 296
battle of Flers-Courcelette 377, 410
battle of Morval 413, 415
Sixth Army 197, 198, 199, 331, 362, 411
French, Gen. Sir John 18, 19, 27, 34
Freyberg, Col. Bernard 509–10, 513, 514, 515, 517
Fricourt 58, 59, 66, 80, 91, 175, 176, 177, 179
assault on 181-3; 184, 202, 199, 209
occupied by Allies 225, 226; 230, 238, 352 261, 362, 530
Fricourt Farm 225; Spur 162, 175
Fuller, Pte Sydney 421
Gallipoli 31, 32, 33, 144, 147, 302, 313, 325, 502, 503, 505, 514, 531
Gambling, Signaller F.J.G. 272–3
Gameson, MO Lt Lawrence 353–8, 477–9, 480, 523, 546–7
gas, use of 26, 46–7, 90, 375, 378, 468, 470, 539–40
Gee, Capt. Rex 176, 178
George V, King 327, 443
German Air Force 469, 476; Albatros DI 451; Roland 452
German Army 16, 20, 57–8, 75, 93, 94–5, 107–8, 145, 159–60, 161, 194, 442
conscription system 38, 366
declining morale 366, 409, 444–5, 534
reaction to tanks 382
taking stock 525–6
Germany
as continental power 16
military might 16
war plan 19
as heart of Central Powers 31
see also German Air Force, German Army
Ginchy 59, 65, 66, 175, 209, 328, 331, 333, 334, 337, 340, 342, 343, 362, 400, 411, 530
Gird Support Trench 487, 488
Gird Trench 399, 411, 415–16, 487, 488, 492, 493, 494
Glatz Alley 194; Redoubt 184, 190, 193
Glenn, Pte Reginald 137–8
Gloucestershire Regiment 40
Goat Redoubt 150
Gommecourt 59, 65, 75, 77, 87; failure of diversion 114, 115, 122–31, 143, 204, 215, 216, 484
Gommecourt Salient 446
Gordon Highlanders 181
Gough, Gen. Hubert 13
background 25–6
at battle of Loos 26–7
i/c Fifth (Reserve) Army 63, 67, 205, 229, 296
assault on Pozières 297, 306
at Courcelette 379, 383
at Thiepval Ridge 416
spoken of as possible Haig replacement 484
prepares for new attack 499–500
battle of the Ancre 516, 518
Grandcourt 59, 66, 151, 202, 209, 362, 501, 521, 530
Grant, Gunner William 155
Gray, Rifleman W. J. 376–7, 406
Green, Lt Herbert 495–6
Green Howards 45, 113, 349
Grenadier Guards 347–8, 359, 413, 414
Grover, Pte Walter 339–40
Gueudecourt 362, 369, 380, 393, 397, 411, 413, 415; taken by Allies 416; 449, 453, 457, 458, 461
Guillemont 57, 58, 59, 66, 199, 209, 224, 260, 296; taken by Allies 300-1; 323, 324, 328, 329–30, 331, 333–4, 362, 380, 411, 470, 508, 530
Guiton, Cpl M. J. 385–6
Gwyn-Jones, Maj. Gwyn 399
Haig, Field Marshall Douglas 11, 13
background and early career 21
his principles of war 21–2
character 28–30
at battle of Neuve Chapelle 21
urges Rawlinson to press forward 24, 26
and Gough 26
put i/c BEF 27, 32
concentration on Western Front 31, 32
relations with Joffre 33–5, 71, 223–4
planning Somme offensive 35–7
and reorganisation of
British Army 39
rejects Rawlinson’s Somme plan of
attack 64–5, 67
his bolder counter-proposals 65, 68
optimistic for first assault 101
assesses position 204–5
decides to push ahead in south 223–4
and Thiepval 233
on Mametz Wood 254
compromises with Rawlinson on plans
for Bazentin Ridge assault 264–6
favours night attacks 295
orders Gough to take Pozières 297
blames ANZACs for Pozières failure 308
refutes Churchill’s criticisms 325–7
‘wearing out’ battle tactics 327–9, 361
urges Rawlinson to take more
responsibility 330, 334
champions the tank 364–6
impatient with Rawlinson’s caution 368-9; 409
writes confidenty to King 443–4
notes German resistance has stiffened 457; faces winter choices 483–4
talk of his replacing 484–5
urges Gough to new attack weather
permitting 499–500, 505–6
sanctions one last push 518
closes down Somme offensive 524; 529, 531–2
Haig, Neil 415
Haine, Sgt Reginald 517
Haldane, Richard 21, 39
Hamilton, MO Capt. Eben 351–3
Hamilton, Ian 484
Hampshire Regiment 475
Hanbury-Sparrow, Capt. Alan 166
Hansa Line 150, 152
Happy Valley 251, 253
Hardecourt 59, 66, 197–8, 199, 230, 238, 261, 362, 530
Hardwick, Capt. Arthur 473–4, 481, 520
Harfleet, Pte William 454, 455
Harper, Maj. Gen. G.M. 515
Harris, Capt. J. R. O. 304
Hastie, 2nd Lt Stuart 396, 397–8
Hawker, Sgt Donald 120–1, 122–3
Hawker, Maj. Lanoe 200, 202
Hawkings, Sgt Frank 112, 119
Hawkins, Pte Stanley 512
Hawkins, Lt Victor 461
Hawthorne Redboubt 58, 79, 133; mined 135, 140, 145–6, 149
Hawthorne Ridge 144, 502, 515
Hayward, Pte Harold 40
Hébuterne 87
Heidenkopf Redoubt 140–1, 143
Hem 65, 66, 199, 209
Henriques, 2nd Lt Basil 401–2, 404–5
Henwood, Pte Fred 186
Herbert, Capt. A.P. 504, 506
Hessian Trench 432
Hidden Wood 177, 179
High Wood 66, 209, 265, 273, 274, 275, 296, 298, 300, 323, 330, 332, 333, 334, 337, 339, 344, 362, 380, taken by Allies 383–91, 408; 411, 452
Highland Light Infantry 156, 157–8
Hindenburg Line 529
Hindenburg, Gen. Paul von 366
Hindenburg Trench 156
Hodgson, Lt Noel 106–7, 179, 219
Holford-Walker, Capt. Archie 401
Home, Brig. Archibald 71, 407, 408, 410, 484, 498–9
Honourable Artillery Company 508, 512, 517–18
Hook Sap 487, 493; Trench 350, 384
Horne, Sgt Harold 375, 378
Horne, Lt Gen. Henry 175
Howell, Corp. William 454–5, 456
Hudson, Maj. Gen. H. 164
Huffam, 2nd Lt Victor 395
Hull, Gen. 204
Hunter-Weston, Lt Gen. Aylmer 132, 134, 204
Hurst, Pte Albert 113
Indian Cavalry: 1st Division 415; 2nd Division 265, 274–5
Indian Corps 22
Ingle, 2nd Lt Roland 91, 97–8
Inglis, Capt. Arthur 382
Intermediate Trench 296
Irwin, Lt Col. Alfred 104, 111, 187–8, 220, 521
Italian front 34
Jack, Pte James 156, 157
Jacka VC, Lt Albert 313, 314, 316–19
Jacob, Lt Gen. C.W. 500
Jacobs, 2nd Lt Alan 188, 220
Jacobs, Rifleman Frank 117, 120, 131
James, Capt. D.H. 174, 226–7
Jardine, Brig. J. B. 156
Jeeves, Chaplian Leonard 188–9, 190
Jenkins, Brig. Gen. N. F. 236
Jennings, Pte Thomas 291–4, 423–5, 543
Jerrold, Capt. Douglas 502–3, 504–5, 506, 507, 511, 512–13
Joffre, General Joseph
Western Front commitment 26, 485
background 33
relations with Haig 33–4, 71
planning Somme offensive 34–5
tactical argument with Haig 223–4
proposes combined assault 330
at Chantilly Conference 34, 524; 529, 531
John Copse 134, 516
Johnston, Lt Col. A.C. 460
Jones, Capt Glyn 255, 257
Jordan, Sgt Stewart 216
Jourdain, 2nd Lt Francis 343, 344
Karslake, Lt Col. Henry 384–5
Kemp, Signaller Sidney 206–7, 216, 229, 231–3
Kennedy, Pte Pat 194, 196, 197
Kerr, Sgt William 348–9, 350–1
Kettle, Lt Tom 340–2
Kiggell, Lt Gen. Launcelot 265, 330, 499, 518
Kinchington, Pte P. 305
King’s Liverpool Regiment 191–2, 332–3, 463, 545
King’s Own Scottish Borderers 335
King’s Royal Rifle Corps 374–5, 378, 393–4, 399–400
Kitchener, Field Marshal Lord 33, 34, 39–43
La Boisselle 58, 59, 66, 91, 162, 163, 166, 167, 169, 174, 175, 176, 202, 209, taken by Allies 226, 227; 238, 261, 362, 530, Salient 79, 164, 167; Spur 162
La Barque, 408
Lancashire Fusiliers 52–3, 100, 145, 147–8, 149, 207–8, 210, 217–18, 219–20, 239, 418, 461, 519, 526–7, 540
Lansdown, Pte Victor 251, 252–3, 254
Lawson, Capt. Cuthbert 90, 221
Lawton, Pte John 462–3, 545
Leak VC, Pte John 303
Lee Enfield rifles 19, 44
Leipzig Redoubt 150, 156, 158, 164
Le Sars 59, 66, 209, 362, 408, 411, 446, 447; taken by Allies 457, 530
Lesboeufs 59, 66, 209, 362, 369, 411, 413, 415, 453, 461, 470, 530
Le Transloy 59, 66, 209, 362, 369, 411, 415, 461, 472, 530; battle of Transloy Ridge 453; Ridge 408, 446
Lewis, 2nd Lt Cecil 168, 172–3, 394–5
Lewis, 2nd Lt Gwilym 200, 452
Lewis machine guns 45, 129, 140, 192, 200, 256
Ligny Thilloy 209, 408
Lincolnshire Regiment 91, 97–8, 110, 111–12, 112–13, 167–8, 169–71, 173–4, 539
Lindsey-Renton, Capt. Reginald 215–16
Lloyd George, David 31, 484, 531
Lochnagar mine 163, 167, 168, 169–70, 174
London Regiment 42, 55, 75, 76–7, 104–5, 112, 117, 118, 119–21, 123–4, 125, 127, 128–31, 132, 215–16, 359, 372–4, 376–7, 378–9, 385–8, 389–92, 452, 454–6, 546
Longueval 57, 59, 66, 197, 224, 225, 229, 237, 238, 259, 261, 270, 273, 275, 284, 285, 300; taken by Allies 323; 380, 441, 450, 530, Reboubt 268
Loop Trench 406
Loos offensive 25, 26–7, 63, 64
Lord, Lt Edgar 52–3, 100, 207–8, 210, 217–18, 219–20, 519, 526–7, 540
Ludendorff, First Quartermaster Gen. Erich 366, 525
Luthor, Driver Roland 545
Machine Gun Corps 45, 332–3, 336–7, 394, 395–8, 399, 401–3, 404–5, 413–14, 494, 497, 542, 548
Mailly-Maillet 81
Malins, Geoffrey 145
Mallett, Pte Hugh 284, 286
Mametz 57, 66, 80; bombarded 91, 99; 177; taken by Allies 178, 181, 183; 199, 209, 214, 230, 238, 261
Mametz Spur 175, 184, 204
Mametz Wood 163, 175, 177, 185, 199, 202, 209, 230, 238; Welsh assaults 250–7, 260; 261, 264, 362, 273
Manchester Regiment 85, 91, 98–9, 105–6, 109, 111, 113, 181, 182–3, 191, 192–3, 194, 195, 196, 197, 227–8, 301, 431
Mansell Copse 63, 179, 180, 219,
237
Maricourt 59, 64, 65, 66, 209, 530, Ridge 184
Marillier, Pte Frank 287, 288–9
Marne offensive 19
Marne, River 33
Martinpuich 59, 66, 209, 313, 362, 380, 383, 411, 453, 530
Mash Valley 162, 163, 164, 167, 227, 230, 238, 261, 297
Maubeuge 19 Maurepas 59, 65, 66, 199, 209, 324, 325, 530
Maw, Cpl John 168
Maxse, Maj. Gen. Sir Ivor 186, 422
Maxwell VC, Lt Col. Frank 46, 190, 226, 276–81, 293, 419, 421–3
Maxwell Trench 492, 495
May, Capt. Charles 85, 91, 98–9, 105–6, 109
Maze, the 114, 115, 121, 122
McIntyre, Lance Cpl John 388
McIntyre Hood, Pte Magnus 381–2
McKerrow, MO Capt. Charles 258, 522, 541–2
Macpherson, 2nd Lt George 401, 403, 404
Meadows, Pte Bentley 157–8
Mealing, Lt Kenneth 463–9
Medlicort, Capt. 286, 289–90
Menaud-Lissenburg, Signaller Dudley 47, 82, 84, 89, 92, 102, 146, 148, 540
Meo, 2nd Lt 438–40
Mesnil 514
Mesopotamia 31, 531
Middlesex Regiment 46, 61–2, 87–8, 100, 226, 276–81, 419, 421–2
Mild Trench 472
Miller, Pte Ralph 60–1, 98
Mills bombs 46, 111, 189, 242
Miraumont 65, 66, 209, 362, 501
Mons, battle of 19
Montauban 59, 66, 184, 188; taken by Allies 190-5; 199, 202, 204, 209, 214, 227, 228, 230, 238, 261, 274, 362, 530, Alley 184, 186, 190, 194; Spur 184, 204
Morden, Lance Cpl Charles 378–9
Morshead, MO Capt. R.S. 518
Morval 57, 59, 66, 209, 362, 369, 530; battle of 410, 472, 412–16
Mountfield, Sgt Roland 248–50, 360
Mouquet Farm 59, 66, 150, 162, 164, 209, 319, 320, 322, 329, 380, 417, 418, 467, 530; Switch Line 150, 152
Munich Trench 143, 507, 518; New Munich Trench 518
Munster Alley 328
Murphy, 2nd Lt 403
Murray, 2nd Lt 403
Murray, Capt. H.W. 320–2
Murray, OS Joe 505, 507–11, 513–14
Myers, Lt Col. C.S. 479, 480
Nab Valley 151, 162, 164, 380
Neame VC, Maj. Philip 56, 126–7, 405–6
Netherlands 15
Neuve Chapelle, battle of 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 212
Nevill, Capt. Wilfred 88; dies kicking a football into No Man’s Land 103–4, 187, 188–9, 220
New Zealand 14th and 41st Divisions 392, 393, 409, 413, 449
Newfoundland Regiment 148, 507
Newman, Pte Sydney 125 Nord Werk 150