27. IWM SOUND: R. C. Cooney, AC 494, Reel 3
28. IWM DOCS: J. T. Lawton, Typescript memoir, p. 9
29. IWM DOCS: K. W. Mealing, Typescript memoir, p. 17
30. Ibid., p. 18
31. Ibid., pp. 18–19
32. Ibid., p. 19
33. Ibid., pp. 20 & 24
34. Ibid.p. 21
35. Ibid., p. 22
36. Ibid., pp. 22–3
37. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 15/10/1916
38. Ibid.
39. IWM Docs: H. C. Rees, ‘A Personal Record of the War, 1915–1916–1917’
40. Ibid.
41. IWM DOCS: H. Tudor, Typescript diary, 16/10/1916
42. W. D. Croft, Three Tears with the 9th (Scottish) Division (London: John Murray, 1919), pp. 84–5
43. T. A. K. Cubitt, quoted in F. Loraine Petre, The History of the Norfolk Regiment (Norwich: Jarrold & Sons, N.D.), pp. 259–60
44. IWM DOCS: A. G. P. Hardwick, Typescript diary, 19/10/1916
45. N. Fraser-Tytler, Field Guns in France, p. 119
46. IWM Docs: H. C. Rees, ‘A Personal Record of the War, 1915–1916–1917’
47. Ibid.
48. Ibid.
49. National Army Museum: E. R. Buckell, Typescript account, ‘The Somme’, p. 6
50. N. Fraser-Tytler, Field Guns in France, pp. 124–5
51. IWM DOCS: L. Gameson, Typescript diary and notes, 26/10/1916
52. Ibid., 10/1916
53. Ibid.
54. IWM DOCS: C. S. Myers letter, 9/10/1916, in papers of L. Gameson, Typescript, 26/10/1916
55. IWM DOCS: L. Gameson, Typescript diary and notes, 15/10/1916
56. National Army Museum: E. R. Buckell, Typescript account, ‘The Somme’, p. 6
57. IWM DOCS: A. G. P. Hardwick, Typescript diary, 27/10/1916
58. IWM DOCS: A. E. Abrey, Manuscript letter, 30/10/1916
13 Last Shake on the Ancre
1. IWM DOCS: A. Home, Typescript diary, 15/11/1916
2. IWM DOCS: R. J. Blackadder, Typescript account, ‘151 Siege Battery, R.G.A.’, p. 7
3. IWM DOCS: H. Tudor, Typescript diary, 4/11/1916
4. DLI Museum: H. Cruddace, Manuscript account
5. Ibid.
6. IWM DOCS: H. Tudor, Typescript diary, 4/11/1916
7. DLI Museum: H. Cruddace, Manuscript account
8. Ibid.
9. Durham Archives: R. B. Bradford, Report of 6/11/1916
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. R. B. Bradford, quoted in E. Wyrall, The History of the Fiftieth Division (London: Country Press Ltd, 1939), p. 178
13. R. B. Bradford, ibid., p. 179
14. Durham Archives: R. B. Bradford, Report of 6/11/1916
15. Ibid.
16. DLI Museum: H. Cruddace, Manuscript account
17. H. Green, quoted in A. L. Raines, The Fifth Battalion The Durham Light Infantry (Privately Published, 1931), p. 72
18. C. D. Marley, ibid.
19. H. Green, ibid.
20. ibid.
21. Durham Archives: R. B. Bradford, Report of 6/11/1916
22. Ibid.
23. IWM DOCS; A. Home, Typescript diary, 6/11/1916
24. D. Haig, diary entry 12/11/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
25. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure (London: Right Book Club, 1937), p. 162
26. Ibid., p. 175
27. R. V. C. Bodley, Indiscretions of a Young Man (London: Harold Shaylor, 1931), pp. 56 & 85
28. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, pp. 176–7
29. IWM SOUND: J. Murray, AC 8201, Reel 35
30. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, pp. 178–9
31. Ibid., p. 180
32. A. P. Herbert poem, internet source
33. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, p. 188
34. IWM SOUND: J. Murray, AC 8201, Reel 35
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid., Reel 36
37. Ibid., Reel 36
38. Ibid., Reel 36 & 37
39. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, p. 192
40. Ibid.
41. IWM DOCS: S. C. Hawkins, Manuscript diary, 13/11/1916
42. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, pp. 192–3
43. Ibid., p. 193
44. IWM SOUND: J. Murray, AC 8201, Reel 36 & 37
45. Ibid.
46. IWM SOUND: R. Tobin, AC 4243, Reel 36
47. IWM DOCS: Sibley, Manuscript memoir, p. 12
48. IWM SOUND: R. L. Haine, AC 33, Reel 3
49. R. S. Morshead, quoted in G. Goold Walker, The Honourable Artillery Company in the Great War, 1914–1919 (London: Seeley, Service & Co, 1930), p. 77
50. IWM DOCS: C. R. Smith, Manuscript account, p. 54
51. IWM DOCS: A. N. Acland, Typescript account, p. 43
52. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, p. 33
53. IWM DOCS: A. G. P. Hardwick, Typescript diary, 18/11/1916
54. IWM DOCS: R. Cude, Typescript diary, 18/11/1916
55. IWM DOCS: C. R. Smith, Manuscript account, p. 54
56. IWM SOUND: A. Irwin, AC 211
57. IWM DOCS: A. E. Wrench, Typescript diary, 18/11/1916
58. D. Rorie, A Medico’s Luck in the War (Aberdeen: Milne & Hutchison, 1929), p. 113
59. IWM DOCS: C. K. McKerrow, Typescript diary, 4/10/1916
60. IWM DOCS: H. R. Butt, Typescript diary, 12/11/1916
61. IWM DOCS: L. Gameson, Typescript diary and notes, 4/10/1916
62. IWM DOCS: A. E. Wrench, Typescript diary, 16/11/1916
63. IWM DOCS: Fourth Army Papers, H. Rawlinson letter to D.Haig, 7/11/1916
64. E. Ludendorff, My War Memories (London: Hutchinson & Co, 1920), Vol. I, p. 307
65. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, pp. 30–1
14 Assessment
1. IWM DOCS: P. H. Pilditch, Typescript memoir, p. 331
Appendix A
1. IWM DOCS: W. A. Vignoles, Typescript manuscript, p. 52–3
2. Ibid., pp. 51–2 & 57
3. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, p. 21
4. IWM DOCS: D. N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, p. 188
5. H. Preston, ‘To Do or Die’, Reveille, Vol. 9, No. 5, p. 6
6. IWM DOCS: C. K. McKerrow, Typescript diary, 18/7/1916
7. IWM DOCS: H. D. Paviere, Typescript account, pp. 40–1
8. IWM DOCS: T. A. Jennings, Manuscript account, ‘Hark! I Hear the Bugles Calling’, p. 10
9. IWM DOCS: L. W. Pratt, Typescript manuscript
10. R. Hugh Kynvett, Over There with the Australians (New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 1918), p. 215
11. R. V C Bodley, Indiscretions of a Young Man, p. 89
12. IWM DOCS: R. M. Luthor, Typescript memoir, p. 26
13. IWM DOCS: J. T. Lawton, Typescript memoir, p. 9
14. IWM DOCS: D.Railton, Typescript letter, 1/10/1916
15. IWM DOCS: L. Gameson, Typescript diary and notes, p. 60
16. IWM DOCS: H. D. Paviere, Typescript account, p. 42
17. IWM DOCS: P. H. Pilditch, Typescript memoir, p. 328
Index
A | B | C | D | E
F | G | H | I | J
K | L | M | N | O
P | Q | R | S | T
U | V | W | Y | Z
Maps in italics
Abrey, Pte Albert 481–2
Acland, Capt. Arthur 519
Acklom, Maj. 170
Adinfer Wood 116, 131
Adlam VC, Lt Tom 425–9, 438, 439
Aincham, Sgt Frank 73–4
Aisne, River 19, 22
Albert 57, 59, 66, 72, 163, 177, 199, 202, 208, 209, 224, 241, 297, 352, 361, 362, 373, 530
Alcock, 2nd Lt Charles 187
Allen, Lt W. D. 102
Allenby, Gen. Sir Edmund 65
Amiens 57
Ancre, River 57, 58, 59, 65, 150, 151, 163, 202, 204, 209, 361; battle of 500, 501, 502, 507–24; 530
Andrews, Pt
e Albert 111, 113, 191, 192–3, 195, 301
Angus, 2nd Lt Alan 418, 433–4
Antwerp 24
Appleyard, Lance Cpl Sidney 55, 75, 117, 124
Arnold, 2nd Lt Arthur 399
Arras 25, 34
artillery
accuracy problems 51, 69, 86, 92, 450–1, 485
the creeping barrage 69, 135, 148, 184, 186, 263–4, 370, 371, 386, 410, 446
Delville Wood bombardment 323–4
18-pounders 48, 68, 82, 86
howitzers 48–9, 68, 82, 83
Lewis machine guns 45, 129, 140, 192, 200, 256
limitations of bombardment 212–13, 263
primacy of artillery 47, 68, 81, 371, 440
shrapnel shells 49–50
60-pounders 49, 68, 85, 92
Stokes mortars 79, 145, 153, 191, 312, 389
training 47–8
trench mortars 52–3
24–25 June bombardment 88–92
Vickers machine guns 45–6, 79, 235
Ashurst, Cpl George 147–8, 149
Asquith, Prime Minister Herbert 29–30
Atkins, Pte Albert 61–2, 87–8, 100
Aubers Ridge 25
Australian Imperial Force 302–8
assault on Pozières Ridge 306–8, 309–19
1st Division 297, 302–6, 541
2nd Division 307–8, 313, 314
4th Division 313–22, 544
Austro-Hungary 16, 18, 31
Baillescourt Farm 507, 518
Bapaume 57, 59, 66, 202, 205, 209, 313, 325, 361, 362, 369, 448, 449, 452, 454, 505, 529, 530
Barter, Maj. Gen. Sir Charles 385, 391
Baumber, Pte Harry 110, 167–8, 169, 171
Bazentin-le-Grand 59, 65, 66, 175, 197, 209, 230, 238, 261, 264; taken by Allies 270-1; 273, 562, 530
Bazentin-le-Petit 57, 59, 66, 162, 209, 224, 230, 237, 238, 261, 272, 273, 274, 296, 362, 411, 530
Bazentin Ridge 184, 224; battle for 266–82, 408
Beaucourt 57, 58, 59, 66, 133, 202, 209, 500, 501, 507, 513, 514, 515, 516; falls to Allies 518; 530
Beaucourt Spur 134, 150
Beaulencourt 59, 209, 362, 408, 411, 453, 530
Beaumont, Cpl Harry 171–2
Beaumont Hamel 58, 59, 66, 79, 97, 132, 133, 134, 141–2, 144, 150, 209, 236, 362, 416, 500, 501, 507, 515, 526, 530
Beaumont Trench 516
Bedall, Lt Col. 194
Bedfordshire Regiment 404
Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire
Regiment 425–9
Beetle Alley 190
Belgium 15, 18, 19, 22, 33, 340
Bernafay Wood 59, 195, 199, 209, 228, 230, 238, 261, 530
Billon Farm 301
Birch, Gen. 265
Birdwood, Lt Gen. Sir William 308
Black Watch 339
Blackadder, 2nd Lt Robert 485
Bloor, Lt William 74, 89–90, 92, 93, 194, 195–6, 228–9, 259–60, 441, 448–9, 450–1, 469–70
Blythe, Cpl Percy 307
Bodley, Lt Col. Ronald 503, 544
Border Regiment 235, 488
Bouzincourt 59, 208, 530
Bracey, Pte Tom 241
Bradford VC, Lt Col. Roland 488, 491–5, 497–8
Braunhofer, Lt 398
Brent, Pte Frank 305
British Army
recruitment 32, 38–40, 42–3
Pals battalions 41–2, 135–6
rushed training programme 43–4, 54–6, 461
learning curve 533
see also corps, divisions, named regiments
British Expeditionary Force (BEF) 17–18, 21, 38, 72
at Mons 19
on Marne 19
at Ypres 20
Haig put i/c 27
Bryan, Sgt Ernest 191–2
Buchanan Street (Delville Wood) 290
Buckell, Signaller Ron 476, 480–1
Bulgar Point 178, 181
Bulgaria 31
Bulstrode, Chaplain Roger 350
Bunny Trench 183
Burke, Pte Arthur 181, 182–3
Buder, Gen. 265, 364
Butt, Pte Herbert 523
Calvert, Guardsman Horace 413, 414
Cameron Highlanders 227–8, 268–9, 275–6, 339
Canadian Expeditionary Force 476, 480–1
1st Division 348–9, 350–1, 416, 417, 453
2nd Division 379, 380, 381–2, 382–3, 416, 417
4th Division 502, 518, 523
Carden, Lt Col. Ronald 254–5
Carey, Pte Sidney 270
Carnoy 59, 66, 186, 199, 209, 230, 238, 261, 530
Carr, Col. 421
Carter, Pte Clifford 79
Casino Point 186
Cassel, Lt F. L. 75, 94–5, 159–60
casualty figures 11, 19
Neuve Chapelle 24
Aubers Ridge 25
French 35
Gommecourt diversion 132
Serre and Beaumont Hamel 140, 148, 149
Thiepval Ridge 162
La Boiselle 175
Fricourt and Mametz 184
Montauban 197
total casualties 1 July 211
Mametz Wood 257
continued losses mount up 262
Delville Wood 291
Poizières 308
Guillemont 325
evacuation and treatment of wounded 346–60
High Wood 392
Flers-Courcelette 408
shell shock 479–80
Butte de Warlencourt 497
overall 528
Cat and Rat tunnels 140
Caterpillar Valley 184, 194; Wood 228, 230, 253, 266
Cattell, Pte Douglas 138
Cattermole, Pte Lance 379, 381, 382–3
Cavalry Corps 407, 408, 410, 414–15, 484, 498–9
Chamier, Maj. John 446–7
Chantilly Conference 34, 500, 524
Chapes Spur 174
Charteris, Brig. Gen. John 29, 30, 32, 34, 365, 366, 368, 444–5
Cheshire Regiment 122, 212–13, 227, 237, 239–41, 460
Churchill, First Lord of the Admiralty Winston 503
critic of Haig 325–6, 484
his ‘Easterner’ war policy 31, 531
Cleeve, 2nd Lt Montague 49, 82–3, 215
Cliff, Pte Norman 347–8, 359
Coldstream Guards 337
Cole, Gunner (later Signaller) George 48, 383–4
Collen, Quartermaster Gen. Lt Col. E.H.E. 206, 247
Colyer, Lt William 44, 45, 55, 78, 97, 102–3, 110–11, 141–4
Combles 59, 65, 66, 199, 209, 362, 380, 411, 413, 414, 530
Congreve VC, Lt Gen. William 184
Conn, Pte Albert 62, 63, 183, 346
Connaught Rangers 343–4
Contalmaison 59, 64, 66, 163, 164, 177, 202, 204, 209, 230, 237, 238; attack on 248–50, 260; 261, 306, 352, 362, 530
Cooney, Lt Ralph 462
Cordy, Sapper John 270–1
Cornaby, 2nd Lt George 419–20, 423
Corps:
I 21, 22, 25, 26, 27
II 362, 416, 417, 477, 500, 501, 518, 521
III 66, 162, 163, 164–75, 177, 205, 209, 223, 230, 237, 238, 261, 265, 298, 328, 362, 377, 383–4, 411, 417, 453, 501
IV 22, 24, 25, 26, 27
V 500, 501, 516, 518, 521
VII 115, 77, 114–32
VIII 66, 114, 131, 132, 133, 134–50, 186, 204, 209, 223
IX 27
X 66, 150, 151, 152–62, 163, 184, 197, 209, 223, 237, 298
XIII 66, 184–97, 177, 185, 199, 205, 209, 225, 230, 238, 258, 261, 265, 273, 296, 298, 323, 501
XIV 331, 362, 377, 400, 411, 413, 414, 453
XV 66, 175–6, 177, 178–84, 185, 199, 205, 209, 230, 237, 238, 258, 261, 265, 273, 298, 323, 328, 362, 370, 377, 411, 413, 453
Cotton, Col. 233, 236
Courcelette 59, 66, 209, 309, 313, 362, 379, 380, 383, 411, 416, 417, 530
Court, 2nd Lt Gordon 395
Cree, Rifleman Donald 386, 387–8, 389, 390–1 Croft, Lt Col. WD. 471
Crosse, Chaplain Ernest 106, 107, 179–80, 218–19, 266–7
Crowe, Pte Bill 268–9
Crozier, Lt Col. Frank 153–4, 161
Crucifix Trench 178
Cruddace, Lance Cpl Harry 488–91, 495
Cubitt, Lt Terence 472–3
Cude, Pte Robert 186–7, 189, 281, 520
Curlu 57, 59, 66, 199, 530
Dalby, Pte Arthur 41
Dalton, 2nd Lt Emmett 342
Danzig Alley Cemetery, Mametz 106, 177
Darlington, 2nd Lt Alfred 50, 52
Dawson, Gunner William 403
Davy, Lance Sgt Reginald 391
de Burgh, Lt Owen Hubert 287, 288
Decauville light railways 473
de Caux, Lt Etienne 372, 373–4, 392
Delville Wood 59, 66, 209, 230, 238, 261, 270, 274; battle of 284, 285, 286–95; 296, 298, 300; taken 323-4; 328, 330, 332, 337, 362, 380, 400, 408, 411, 530
Delville Valley 450, 469
Dennis, Lance Cpl Gerald 374–5, 378, 393–4, 399–40
Desire Trench 520–1
Destrémont Farm 447
Devonshire Regiment 62, 63, 106, 179–80, 183, 218–19, 266–7, 346
Dickens, Maj. Cedric 125
Dickins.Lt Col. Vernon 124
Dickinson, Lt A. 169–70
Dillon, Lt Norman 80
Divisions, British Army Guards 400, 403, 406, 413, 414
1st 338–9, 339–40
2nd Cavalry 26
2nd 500, 515–16, 518
3rd 265, 270–1, 500, 516
4th. 22, 44, 45, 55, 78, 97, 102–3, 110–11, 140, 141–4, 150, 470, 474–5
5th 40, 298, 300, 332–3, 335–6
6th 400, 402, 404, 409–10, 413, 414
7th 24, 26, 63, 84–5, 91, 98–9, 105–7, 109, 175, 178–83, 190, 265, 266–7, 273, 337, 346
8th 24, 162, 164–6, 174, 206
9th (Scottish) 184, 227–8, 265, 268–70, 276, 279, 284, 286–91, 471, 488
11th 416, 418, 430–8
12th 102, 206–7, 229, 231–3, 237, 241–8, 309–13, 346–7, 461
14th 392, 409
15th (Scottish) 351–8, 477–9, 383, 480, 523, 547
16th (Irish) 340–4
17th 175, 248
18th 46, 88, 104, 111, 184, 186–90, 226, 228, 260, 265, 276–81, 291–1, 416, 418–29, 432, 518, 519, 520, 543
19th 226, 474, 481, 518, 519, 520
20th 335, 350, 503, 542, 544, 545, 548
21st 73–4, 172, 175, 176, 178, 225, 226, 265, 272–3, 413, 415
23rd 99–100, 248, 258, 446, 542
25th 233–6, 237, 239–41, 460
29th 47, 81–2, 84, 89, 90, 92, 102, 134–5, 143, 144, 146–9, 150, 540