post-9/11 life, 448
Dickens, Rodney, 98
DiFrancesco, Ron, 284, 285, 450
Dillard, Eddie, 100, 129, 146
Dillard, Rosemary, 129, 146
DNA proof of victims, 279, 396–97, 431, 433, 444, 451, 456
dogs, bomb-sniffing, 263, 411, 415, 459
Doi, Melissa, 280–83, 343
Dolan, Lisa, 439
Dolan, Robert, 323, 324, 327, 328, 362, 374, 439, 440
Domestic Events Network, 186
Dooley, Maureen “Mo,” 96, 127, 172
door restrictors, 398, 399
Driscoll, Patrick “Joe,” 114, 187
drivers’ licenses, 395
Droz, Charles, 100–101
Duch, Elaine, 195–97, 227, 232, 234, 239–41, 253–55, 295–99, 301, 346–48, 356, 400, 447
post-9/11 life, 447–48
Duch, Janet, 195, 196, 197, 227, 234, 241, 348, 447, 448
Duch, Maryann, 447
Duffy, Timothy, 71, 72, 103, 106, 291
Dulles International Airport, 94, 97, 102–3, 106, 111, 117, 126, 128, 129, 135–36, 141
Dunn, Mona, 273
Dunn, Vincent, 250, 261
dust cloud, after tower collapse, 343–44, 354–59, 408–9
Dwyer (Jim) and Flynn (Kevin), 102 Minutes, xxiii
East River, 300
Edward, John, Crossing Over, 89, 302
Efthimiades, James, 411, 415
Egan, Cardinal Edward, 460
Egypt, 1, 23, 74, 226
Eiffel Tower, 226
El Al, 74
elevators, 208, 222–23, 235
door restrictors, 398, 399
North Tower, 236–37, 238, 247–48, 259, 295, 296, 302–4, 350–52, 398–99, 408, 409, 413
South Tower, 268, 273, 276, 277, 337–38
trapped survivors and escapes, 302–4, 337–38, 350–52, 398–99
Emery, Ed, 273–74, 287, 288, 451
Empire Blue Cross Blue Shield, 361
Empire State Building, 170, 226, 335
1945 plane crash, 86, 221, 239
EMTs, 229–31, 247, 293–94, 333, 347–49, 356–59, 401, 409–10, 421, 448
Battalion 49, 401, 410, 421
post-9/11, 448
See also specific EMTs
ESPN, 258
Euro Brokers, 204, 205, 206, 266, 268, 278, 279, 284, 330, 450, 451
evacuees, 347
burn victims, 239–41, 245–46, 255, 277, 291–92, 298, 301, 305, 316, 337, 346–48, 352, 365, 368, 373, 376–77, 420, 422–23, 438, 443, 447, 450, 455
ground level chaos, 346–61, 399–410, 416
handicapped, 299–301, 361, 400–407, 411–18
North Tower, 255, 257, 260–61, 294–306, 346–61, 398–418
Pentagon, 316–28, 363–82
South Tower, 266–74, 277–88, 329–45
status shift to terrorism survivors, 347
See also specific evacuees
Falco, Tommy, 198, 248, 255, 290, 300, 400, 410, 413, 414, 416, 461
Falkenberg, Charles, 99, 145, 437
Falkenberg, Dana, 99, 145, 437
Falkenberg, Zoe, 99, 145, 437
fallers and jumpers, xx, 155
Falling Man, xx
fall survived by, 263–64
North Tower, xx, 251, 260–64, 268, 292, 294, 349, 352, 374
Pentagon, 318
South Tower, 333, 338, 451
families, 9/11, 79–80, 92–93, 145–46, 237, 395–96, 427–61
of American Airlines Flight 11 victims, 79–80
of American Airlines Flight 77 victims, 145–46
media and, 434, 436, 445, 447, 449, 453, 455, 459–60
notification of loved ones, 428–29
post-9/11 lives of, 427–61
remains of loved ones, 431, 433, 437, 439, 444, 453, 456
suicides, 433
of United Airlines Flight 93 victims, 395–96
of United Airlines Flight 175 victims, 92–93
See also specific families and locations of attacks
Fangman, Robert, 53, 87, 93, 123
Farley-Hackel, Paige, 38, 51, 419, 420, 457
Farmer, John, The Ground Truth, xxiii
FDNY, 197–99, 202, 342, 446
casualties, 333–34, 342–43, 428, 452–54, 457–60
chaplain, 359
command structure, 290
communication failures, 259–65, 306, 359–61, 405
EMTs, 229–31, 247, 293–94, 333, 347–49, 356–59, 401, 409–10, 421, 448
Engine 4, 458
Engine 6, 242
Engine 9, 243
Engine 21, 350
Engine 33, 257
evacuation message after South Tower collapse, 359–61, 404–6, 457
gear, 243, 255, 299, 336, 400, 406
Hazmat team, 244
high-rise fire calculation, 250–51
Ladder Company 3, 264
Ladder Company 5, 406, 412
Ladder Company 6, 198–99, 228, 234, 241–44, 248–52, 255–64, 289–91, 300–301, 306, 336, 349–51, 359–61, 400–418, 457–61
Ladder Company 11, 199, 414, 459
Ladder Company 15, 336–38
Ladder Company 43, 415, 416
9/11-related illnesses, 428, 448, 460
North Tower response, 241–44, 248–52, 255–64, 289–94, 298–301, 306, 335, 336, 349–51, 359–61, 400–423
paramedics, 202–4, 231, 246, 255, 293–94, 346, 353, 355–56, 401–3, 417, 452–54, 459
post-9/11, 448, 452–54, 457–61
radio calls, 249, 259–60, 262, 306, 336, 337–38, 359–61, 406, 412, 413, 414, 417, 458
Rescue Company 1, 256, 290
Rescue Company 3, 406
rivalry with NYPD, 260
South Tower response, 290, 330, 333–41
Squad 18, 249, 350
stairway access, 259, 264, 299–301, 306, 349, 405–18
Stairwell B survivors, 349–51, 359–61, 407–18, 457–61
See also specific firemen
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 37, 40, 123, 443
American Airlines Flight 11 hijacking and, 45–48, 60–80, 94–96, 111, 119, 126–28, 163, 186, 235–39
American Airlines Flight 77 hijacking and, 106–8, 120, 126–48, 186
Boston Center, 46–48, 50, 60, 63–66, 68, 71, 73, 75, 76, 81, 82, 93, 95, 104, 108, 142, 172
calls for military help, 68–69
Cleveland Center, 108, 125, 150–52, 156, 170, 171, 181
cockpit safety notice, 104
confusion and failed communications, 119–27, 131–35, 141, 142, 156–57, 181–86, 443
Domestic Events Network, 186
ground stop, 103–4, 123, 134–35, 136, 148, 174, 183, 185–86
Indianapolis Center, 106–8, 131, 133–34
New York Center, 81–84, 86, 90–91, 103–4, 108
no-fly list, 132
post-9/11, 443–44
security procedures and gaps, 39–43, 102–3, 115–16
United Airlines Flight 93 hijacking and, 149–89, 384–85
United Airlines Flight 175 hijacking and, 81–93, 96, 119–20, 123–24, 186, 274–75
Washington Center, 106, 141–42, 182–83
See also specific air traffic controllers
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), xxi, 25, 27, 86, 133, 135, 139, 343, 358, 386, 393, 395, 397, 428, 430, 444
failure to identify terrorists, 27
Federal Register, 42
Feehan, William, 458
Felt, Edward, 114, 167, 188, 385
Fern, Richard, 450
ferries, 352–53, 414
ferry terminal, 352
Fiduciary Trust Company, 207–8, 274, 287, 452
fighter jets, 20–21, 68, 69, 71–73, 80, 95, 96, 103–6, 111, 118, 128, 136–37, 142–43, 146–47, 156, 172–73, 181–86, 189, 291, 381, 421
F-15, 21, 71–73, 80, 95, 96, 103–6, 118, 249, 291
F-16, 2
1, 69, 104–6, 128, 136–37, 142–43, 146–47, 156, 172–73, 381
Filipov, Alexander, 35
Financial District, 219, 220, 231, 251
fingerprints, 279, 444, 451
fireboats, 359
Fire Department of the City of New York. See FDNY
fireproofing, World Trade Center, 223–24, 226, 238, 276
first responders. See EMTs; FDNY; NYPD; paramedics; Port Authority Police; specific responders
Fiumano, Fred, 166
Five World Trade Center, 258, 346, 353, 355
Flagg, Darlene “Dee,” 99–100, 145
Flagg, Wilson “Bud,” 99–100, 145, 314
Fleischer, Ari, 139
Flick, Merle, 389
Flight 93 Ambassadors program, 445
flight paths, map of, xvi
flight schools, 25, 26, 27, 58, 104, 133, 151, 171
Flocco, Matthew, 436
Flocco, Michael, 436
Florida, 15, 17, 28, 137–39, 383
Booker Elementary School, 138, 139, 147, 383
flight schools, 26, 171
Folger, Jane C., 188
Foodim, Anne, 273
Foreign Affairs, 5
Four World Trade Center, 335
Fox, James, 72, 184
Fraser, Colleen, 115, 188
Fred Alger Management, 257
Fredericks, Andrew, 350, 361, 459
Freedom Tower, xviii–xix, 431
Freund, Pete, 199, 256, 459
Friedenreich, Harry, 208
Frontline, 5
Fuji Bank, 206, 267, 270–71, 274, 280, 329
Fuller, Mahlon, 170
funeral homes, 386
Gabriel, Richard, 101
Gaeta, Gerry, 254, 296–99, 301, 346, 400
Gamboa, Ronald, 51, 275
Ganci, Peter, Jr., 256, 458
Gander, Newfoundland, 186
Garcia, Andrew “Sonny,” 115, 167, 187, 395
Garcia, Dorothy, 167, 395
Garment District, 335
Gentul, Alayne, 206–8, 273–74, 275, 287–88, 343, 451–52
Gentul, Alex, 207, 208, 452
Gentul, Jack, 206, 207, 208, 273, 287–88, 343
post-9/11 life, 451–52
Gentul, Robbie, 207, 208, 452
George, Linda, 37
Geraghty, Ed, 336, 342
Germany, 23–24
Ghamdi, Ahmed al-, 58–59
Ghamdi, Hamza al-, 58–59
Ghamdi, Saeed al-, 117, 151, 152, 169, 173, 176–80
Gibson, Charles, 91–92
Giuliani, Rudy, 201, 244, 256, 460
response to 9/11 attacks, 244, 413
Glen Ridge, New Jersey, 418
Glessner, Donna, 387, 445, 446
Glick, Emerson, 113
Glick, Jeremy, 113, 161–63, 175, 187, 384
Glick, Lyz, 113, 161–63, 175
Gofer 06, 140–41, 142, 180–81
Golinski, Ronald, 437
Gomez, Manny, Jr., 271, 329, 450
Gonzalez, Nydia, 61–63, 75–78
Good Morning America, 91
Goodwin, James, 119
Gordenstein, Lisa Fenn, 37
Gore, Al, 132
Gould, Kristin Osterholm White, 188
Grandcolas, Jack, 165
Grandcolas, Lauren, 115, 165, 188
Grant, Regina, 312, 326, 327, 363–65, 367, 369, 370, 373, 441
Greater Pittsburgh International Airport, 170, 394
Green, Wanda, 115–16, 152, 188
Greene, Donald, 115, 187
Greenwich Street, 338
Greenwich Village, 249
Grogan, Reverend Francis, 52, 93, 275
Gronlund, Linda, 114, 165, 188
Ground Zero, xviii, 438, 456
illnesses related to, 428, 448, 460
memorial, 431, 433
Grunewald, Robert, 312, 313, 321, 364, 365, 368, 373, 441
Guadagno, Richard, 115, 187, 395
Guantanamo Bay, 428, 434, 439
Gulf War (1990–91), 19, 56, 214, 377, 378
guns, 40
Hackel, Allan, 38, 419, 420, 457
Hall, Vaswald George, 239, 240, 448
Hamburg, Germany, 23–24, 25
Hamilton, Alexander, 339
handicapped evacuees, 299, 300–301, 361, 400–407, 411–18
Hanjour, Hani, 26, 27, 28, 103, 135, 144–45, 314
Hanson, Christine, 13–14, 49, 52, 84, 92, 93, 275, 433–35
Hanson, Eunice, 13, 14, 49–50, 52, 84–85, 91, 92, 93, 275
post-9/11 life of, 433–35
Hanson, Lee, 13, 14, 49–50, 51, 84–85, 89–91, 92, 93, 275
post-9/11 life of, 433–35
Hanson, Peter, 12–14, 49–50, 52, 84–85, 87, 89–90, 91, 93, 275, 433–35
Hanson, Sue Kim, 12–14, 49–50, 52, 84, 93, 275, 433–35
Happy Hooligans, 105
Haring, Tom, 414
Harris, Josephine, 400–401, 403–7, 411–18, 457–61
death of, 460
post-9/11 life, 457–60
Hartling, John, 73
Hatton, Terry, 256, 290, 459
Hayden, Peter, 256–57, 259, 290, 300, 359, 418
Hayden, Ray, 242, 243
Hayes, Timothy, 264–65
Hazmi, Nawaf al-, 26–27, 102, 103, 132
Hazmi, Salem al-, 102, 103
Haznawi, Ahmed al-, 116, 117, 163
heart attacks, 356, 359
Heidenberger, Michele, 101
Heidenberger, Thomas, 101
Henanway, Ronald, 437
Henson, Jerry, 215, 309–11, 319–20, 324–25, 327, 362–63, 365–67, 370–72, 374, 381, 440–41
post-9/11 life, 440–41
rescued by Dave Tarantino, 370–72, 438, 441
Henson, Kathy, 310–11, 441
Henson, Kelly, 441
Heymann, Esther, 166, 187
hijackers, 25–30, 58–59, 110–12, 428
of American Airlines Flight 11, 39–43, 60–80, 110–11, 163, 235
of American Airlines Flight 77, 102–3, 110, 128–29, 132, 135, 144–45, 314, 316
day before 9/11, 25–30
element of surprise, 111
flight training, 25, 26, 27, 58, 104, 133, 151, 171, 396
human remains of, 396–97, 444
“Last Night” instruction letter, 29–30, 43, 59, 117, 154, 180, 395
methods and timing, 111
multiple plane plot, 25–30, 74, 75, 84, 91, 93, 96, 110–12, 131, 133, 134, 147, 158, 159, 183–86, 249, 272, 443
planning of 9/11 attacks, 25–30, 110, 174
of United Airlines Flight 93, 116–18, 149–68, 169–89, 385, 392, 395, 396–97, 444, 445
of United Airlines Flight 175, 58–59, 83–91, 110–11, 274–75
See also specific hijackers
hijacking, 19, 40
code words, 104, 123, 156
flight crew training for, 74–75
“traditional” approach, 66, 71, 73, 75, 108, 111, 130–31
See also specific hijackings
Hindenburg, 1937 crash of, 92
Hoboken, New Jersey, 226, 353, 413
Hoey, Pat, 253, 299–300, 405
Hoglan, Alice, 160–61
Holland, Cora Hidalgo, 34–35, 79
Homer, LeRoy, Jr., 116, 118, 120–22, 124, 125, 149–51, 157, 169, 174, 188, 395
Homer, Melodie, 120–22, 124, 125, 395
Hoover, Barry, 394, 396
Horrocks, Michael, 50–51, 73–74, 87, 92, 123
House of Representatives, U.S., 170
Howell, Tom, 136
Howland, Lynn, 42
Hudson River, 27, 65, 80, 197, 223, 225, 226, 232, 270, 278, 359, 400, 408, 413
human remains, 256, 279, 294, 318, 358, 394
DNA identification of, 279, 396–97, 431, 433, 444, 451, 456
of hijackers, 396–97, 444
Pentagon, 316, 318, 323, 380, 437, 439
post-9/11 families and, 431, 433, 437, 439, 444, 453, 456
Shanksville, 392, 393–94, 396–97, 444
Huxtable, Ada Louise, 221
ID badges, 395, 449
illnesses, 9/11-related, 428, 448, 460
immigration, 11, 118, 204, 332
Indianapolis Center, 106–8, 131, 133–34
instruction letter, of hijackers, 29–30, 43, 59, 117, 154, 180, 395
Iran, 92
Iraq, 19, 56
Iraq War, 2, 53, 116, 427, 439
Ireland, 454, 456
Islam, 23, 153, 171, 438
Israel, 2, 24, 74, 137
Jack, Bryan, 100, 145
Jarrah, Ziad, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28–29, 41, 58, 117, 151–57, 161, 169–72, 174, 176–80, 395, 445
Jefferson, Lisa, 164, 175–76
Jersey City, 197, 234
Jerusalem, 2
Jet A fuel, 33–34
JFK International Airport, 75, 96, 121, 185, 456
jihad, xxii, 24
Johnson, Dennis, 325
Joint Chiefs of Staff, 381
Joint Task Force Guantanamo, 439
Jonas, Jay, 197–99, 228, 234, 248–51, 255–64, 289–91, 300–301, 306, 336, 349–51, 359–61, 400–418, 457–61
post-9/11 life, 457–61
as Stairwell B survivor, 349–51, 359–61, 407–18, 457–61
Jonas, Judy, 197, 250, 458
Jones, Bob, 65
Jordan, 74
Judaism, 24, 361, 456
Judge, Father Mychal, xxi, 244, 359
jumpers. See fallers and jumpers
Justice Department, U.S., 130
Kalahasti, Prasanna, 433
Kaplan, Robin, 37
Kara, Miles, xxiii
Kawauchi, Hideya, 271, 450
Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, 333
Kelly, Robert, 389
Kelty, Eugene “Jack,” 242
Kenya, American embassy bombing in, 2, 4
Keyton, Lori, 130
Khobar Towers, 1996 bombing of, 4
Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah, 52, 92–93
King, Amy, 52, 93, 275
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 436
King, Rick, 217, 388–89, 391, 392, 393, 394
King Kong (film), 225–26
Knisley, Toni, 129
knives, used by hijackers, 26, 29, 40, 41, 58, 59, 75–77, 89–90, 102, 110–11, 130, 152, 163, 395
Knoblauch, Karl, 379
Komorowski, Matt, 248, 252, 255, 407, 408, 410, 411, 413, 461
Kopytko, Scott, 199, 228, 336, 342, 459
Kross, Mickey, 411, 415
Kuge, Toshiya, 114, 187
Kuwait, 19
Kyte, Angela, 200, 228, 229, 235, 399, 449
Langley Air Force Base, 21, 104, 105, 136, 137, 143, 146, 156, 172, 182, 184, 185
Larsen, Scott, 342
“The Last Night” instruction letter, 29–30, 43, 59, 117, 154, 180, 395
last rites, 348, 377