casualties of ETO campaigns
clashes over drive into Germany, dislike of Montgomery and
drive toward Germany
German invasion
injunction to lieutenants
integration of rifle units by
Operation Cobra
racist stereotyping by
“reconnaissance by fire”
Rhine crossed by
Roosevelt's death
Saar Campaign
761st assigned to
761st, opinion of
Siegfried Line and
tank warfare and
Task Force Rhine
Third Army of
Verdun, France, allies meet at
wife, Beatrice
Paul, Maj. Gen. Willard
Pershing, Gen. “Black Jack”
Porter, Herbert
Racism and segregation
American North
American South, Jim Crow and
in Army Air Corps
black soldiers in race riots
Camp Hood, Texas, travel off base, racial problems and
England and, American servicemen in
fact-finding mission, Justice Department
field showers and
Jackie Robinson, court-martial of
Lee Street Riot, Alexandria, Louisiana
military training, disparity in, for African Americans
murders of black servicemen
postwar, with African American war veterans, Isaac Woodward incident
slurs and name-calling
segregation of troopships
in U.S. Army
war veterans and fight for equality
“Red Ball Express,” African American quartermaster regiment
Rivers, S. Sgt. Ruben
Congressional Medal of Honor
death of
Fort Hood building named for
Saar Campaign
Roberson, Ray
Robinson, Everett
Robinson, 2nd Lt. John Roosevelt “Jackie”
Robinson, Sugar Ray
Rollins, James
Roosevelt, Eleanor
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
death of
Ross, Nathaniel
Russia
Saar Campaign
air support (XIX Air Tactical Command)
battles, November 8–9
battles, November 11–21
battles, November 22–December 14
casualties and costliness of (see also 761st)
commencement of
ending
entry into Saarland
German divisions in
German tactic against tanks
key objectives achieved
living conditions, 761st
noncombat casualties, flu and trench foot
obstacles facing
761st, Able Company
761st, Baker Company
761st, Charlie Company
761st crosses in Germany
761st, Dog Company
761st, Headquarters Company
troops and tank battalions in
weather problems
See also France, battles and battle sites
Safford, John
Saunders, S. Sgt. Samuel F.
Savoy Ballroom, Harlem, New York
Scott, Horatio
death of
Sears, Col.
741st Tank Battalion
743rd Tank Battalion
758th Tank Battalion
761st Tank Battalion
Able Company (see also Battle of the Bulge; Germany; Saar Campaign; Task Force Rhine)
African American officers
armored patch worn
attached to 87th Division
attached to 103rd “Cactus” Division (7th Army)
attached to 95th Division (9th Army)
attached to 17th Airborne Division
attached to 71st Infantry Division
attached to the 79th Infantry Division (9th Army)
attached to 26th “Yankee” Division
Baker Company(see also Battle of the Bulge; Germany; Saar Campaign; Task Force Rhine)
as “bastard battalion”
billeted in Wimborne, England
black officers
casualties
Channel crossing
Charlie Company (see also Battle of the Bulge; Germany; Saar Campaign; Task Force Rhine)
Charlie Company mascot, rooster
combat record, summary of
commendation from XII Corps
courage under fire and medals awarded
creation of
delay in being deployed
demobilization
deployment for ETO
desegregation of American military and, 17
Dog Company (in M-5s) (see also Battle of the Bulge; Germany; Saar Campaign; Task Force Rhine)
“grease gun,” weapon issued to tankers
Headquarters Company (see also Battle of the Bulge; Saar Campaign)
history making, as first African American armored unit deployed in battle
Jackie Robinson in
lack of recognition postwar, and fight for justice
maneuvers in the Kisatchie National Forest
motto
nickname, “black panthers”
ordnance units
outstanding performance in training and maneuvers
Patton's address to
Presidential Unit Citation request
pride and battle-hardened spirit
recruits join
replacements, ETO
Rhine crossed by
R&R lost
Saar Campaign (see France, battles and battle sites; Saar Campaign)
Service Company
Sherman tank chosen for
Simon Weisenthal Foundation, honors from
size of battalion
tanks delivered to, for ETO
tank names
training, Camp Claiborne
training, Camp Hood
training, Fort Knox
vehicle maintenance
veterans (see also individuals)
white officers
784th Tank Battalion
Sherman, William Tecumseh. See also Tanks, U.S. armored force
Shivers, Sgt. George
Shoup, S. Sgt. Curtis
Simmons, Coleman
Simmons, Nathaniel
Simpson, Corp. Dwight
Smith, Leonard
as assistant gunner
Austrian invasion, Steyr
Battle of the Bulge
at Camp Claiborne
at Camp Hood
Camp Hood reunion
Channel crossing
concentration camp entered
death of Willie Devore and
deployment for ETO
“Doc” Adamson and
in England
in France
German invasion and
in Holland
as loader
“Pop” Gates and
postwar
racial discrimination, off-base travel, Texas
racial incidents, Alexandria, Louisiana
return to U.S.
Saar Campaign
segregation and, on base movies
in 761st Headquarters Company
tank (“Cool Stud”
Task Force Rhine
Stalin, Joseph
Stevens, S. Sgt. Johnnie
Stewart, Sgt. James
Stimson, Henry
Tanks, German armored force
artillery used on
Mark IV Panzer (Panther) tanks
Panzerfaust (bazooka)
technology developed for
Tiger Tank
Tanks, U.S. armored force
armored divisions vs. “bastard battalions”
Armored Force Replacement Training Center, Fort Knox
artillery carried on Sherman
casualties and probl
ems with Sherman Tank, Normandy invasion
code of rescue
cold and
crew and positions in tank
“Duckbills” added for mud
guidelines
“Hell on Wheels” 2nd Armored Division
intercom communication
M2 Medium
M4 firing sequence
M4A3E8 “Easy Eight” Sherman
M4 Medium Sherman
M5 Stuart Light
M26 Pershing
name and history of
nicknames for
100-hour maintenance checks
“rhinoceros” prongs for
“tank traps”
training periods for
Task Force Rhine
accomplishments
casualties
Patton's Third Army, plan for
761st, extraordinary distinction in
761st Able Company
761st Baker Company
761st Charlie Company
troops in
Taylor, Beverly
Taylor, Herman
Tedder, British Air Marshal Arthur
Thomas, 1st Lt. Charles L.
Thompson, Mozee
Thrasher, Robert
Truman, Harry
Turley, Sgt. Sam
Tuskegee Airmen (99th Fighter Pursuit Squadron)
Tyree, Harry
U.S. Army
Armored Force created, 1940
“bastard battalions”
battalions, rifle and tank
black engineering battalions
black MPs
black servicemen and racial incidents in the South
companies
divisions
opposition to black tank battalion
Patton and integration of
platoons
racial discrimination within
regiments
segregation on base
segregation of troopships
Tank Destroyer Center
U.S. Third Army
4th and 6th Armored Divisions
80th Division
87th “Golden Acorn” Infantry Division
Germany, invasion and
90th Infantry Division
101st Infantry Regiment
104th Infantry Regiment
replacements
Saar Campaign, movement and placement of troops
71st Infantry Division transferred to, and German invasion
761st assigned to
691st Tank Destroyer Battalion
328th Infantry Regiment
345th Infantry Regiment
347th Infantry Regiment
XII Corps
XX Corps
26th “Yankee” Infantry Division
See also Battle of the Bulge; Saar Campaign
Waring, Judge J. Waties
Watson, Corp. Alfred L.
Watson, Pvt. George
Welborn, James
Weston, S. Sgt. Teddy
Whitby, James
Williams, Lt. David J.
Battle of the Bulge
postwar
Saar Campaign
Wilson, Joe W., Jr.
Windsor, Sgt. Teddy
Wingo, Maj. Charles
Woodard, S. Sgt. Harvey
Woodson, Sgt.
Woodward, Isaac
Wyman, Maj. Gen. Willard G.
BROTHERS IN ARMS Copyright © 2004 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Anthony Walton. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher. For information, address Broadway Books, a division of Random House, Inc.
BROADWAY BOOKS and its logo, a letter B bisected on the diagonal, are trademarks of Random House, Inc.
Visit our website at www.broadwaybooks.com
Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file with the Library of Congress under the control number 2004-045063.
eISBN: 978-0-7679-1892-3
v3.0