time as double-agent comes to end 253
United States, visits post-war 249–50
Venezuela, post-war life in 260–1, 262–8, 269, 281
Pujol González, Jorge (son) 83, 116
Pujol González, Juan (son) 28, 31, 116
Pujol Pena, Juan (father) 43–5, 46–7, 55, 56, 57
Radio Security Service 195
RAF (Royal Air Force) 37, 78, 88, 93, 95–7, 124, 126, 127, 177, 193, 223, 232, 291
Reagan, Ronald 282
Real Madrid 22
Red Army 10, 122, 151, 229, 234, 287 see also under individual battle or area of conflict name
Robertson, Major Thomas Argyll (‘Tommy’ ‘Tar’) 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 78, 80, 99, 104, 117, 119, 142, 159, 160, 169, 171, 183, 210, 244, 253, 280, 281, 289
Rock, Margaret 10, 11
Rohleder, Joachim 23
Rome, Italy, fall of 166, 179
Rommel, Field Marshal Erwin 149, 150, 164–5, 166, 174–5, 185, 186, 202
Rönne, Colonel Alexis Baron von 177, 200, 201, 202, 203, 290
Rothschild, Victor 36
Rousseau Jr., Theodore 30, 31, 32, 68
Royal Navy 78, 100, 127, 281
Rumi 255
Rundstedt, Field Marshal Gerd von 126, 149, 150, 165, 175–6, 177, 185, 186, 202, 204
Salerno, Italy 132
Sardinia 37
Scheldt River, Belgium 165, 205
Schellenberg, Walter 199–200, 289
Schweppenburg, General Leo Freiherr Geyr von 149, 175
Scotland 88, 124, 138, 169, 170, 171, 220
Scotland Yard 15
Second World War, 1939–45 1–4 7–39, 56–253
birth of 56, 57
D-Day see D-Day, 6th June, 1944
Eastern Front 10, 71–4, 95, 109–13, 134, 151, 163, 166, 187, 205, 208, 225, 226, 229, 287
Normandy landings see Overlord, Operation and Normandy
North Africa 91–2, 97, 133, 144, 163, 164
Second Front 1, 3, 115, 122, 131, 163, 167, 171, 185, 192, 193, 249
see also under individual area, battle and operation name
Seetzen, Heinz 73
Seville, Spain 33, 47, 77
Shebbeare, Major Bill 224, 225, 227, 228
Shell 267
Sherman tank 133, 143, 147, 150, 220, 221, 222, 225, 226, 227, 233
Sicily 126, 132, 141
‘Snow’ (double-cross agent) 16, 137
Socorro Blanco 49, 50
SOE (Special Operations Executive) 33, 121
Souza, Jaime 60–1
Soviet Union 10, 25, 54, 71–4, 109–13, 122, 132, 133, 136, 138, 148, 151, 169, 224, 234, 258, 259, 265, 266, 270, 271, 272–3, 287
Spain 11, 12
Abwehr in 22–7
Civil War see Spanish Civil War
Franco and see Franco, General
German post-war spy network in 247–50
post-war years (La Posguerra) 22–7, 28, 55–6
Pujol’s life in see Pujol, Juan
Second World War and 22–7, 56–62, 67, 97, 145
Spanish Art Gallery, London 20, 33, 262, 264, 271
Spanish Blue Division 25
Spanish Civil War, 1936–9 12, 13, 22–3, 24, 28, 47–54, 55, 57, 58–9, 138, 146, 147, 233, 250, 263, 264, 267, 271, 277
Spanish Club, London 117
Spanish Embassy, London 117, 118, 210
Spanish Legión 145–6
Spanish Republic/Republicans 22, 23, 46, 47–53, 89, 114, 125, 146, 147, 182, 213, 214, 234, 235, 250, 267, 271, 277 see also Spanish Civil War
Special Branch 15
Speer, Albert 166
Spring, Operation, 1944 230–1
St Albans 12–15, 21, 75, 77
Stalin, Joseph 122, 133, 287
Stalingrad, battle of, 1942–3 95, 110, 112, 232
Stanbrook, HMS 146
Starkey, Operation, 1943 124–7
Stephens, ‘Tin-eye’ 16
‘Stichling’ (‘stickleback’) message 210–11
Supreme Headquarters of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) 142, 169, 191, 242, 289
Sword beach, Normandy 173, 174, 219
Tehran Conference, 1943 133
Thatcher, Margaret 282
Tiger tank 112, 133, 150, 193, 221, 222, 225, 227, 229, 274
Times, The 12, 54
Tindall, Operation, 1943 124
Titoff, Mrs 75, 77
Trevor-Roper, Hugh 11
‘Tricycle’ (double-cross agent) 16, 136–7, 158, 160, 209 see also Popov, Dusan Dusko’
Twain, Mark 107
Typhoon aircraft, RAF 193, 223, 232
U-boats 14, 24, 37, 66
UGT (socialist trade union) 50, 146
Ukraine 110, 151
United States 7, 10, 24, 30, 32, 56, 64, 67, 68, 122, 126, 131, 138, 152, 163, 177, 192, 244, 249–50, 275, 287
U.S. Army 138, 145, 147, 150, 151, 152, 171, 184–5, 219, 220, 231, 232, 233, 235, 237, 241, 244, 274, 282–3
1st Army 171, 173
1st Infantry Division 174
First US Army Group (FUSAG) (fictitious army group) 141, 168, 177, 194, 204, 212, 231, 233, 241, 242, 285
3rd Army 341
4th Infantry Division 168, 235, 237
6th Armored Division 195
16th Infantry Regiment 283
28th Division 195
82nd Airborne Division 173
101st Airborne Division 173
Army Service of Supply 138, 194
see also under individual battle and operation name
US Embassy, Lisbon 28–32, 68
USAAF 177, 225, 226
Utah beach, Normandy 168, 173, 174, 184, 219, 233
V weapons 163, 208, 209–16
Varela (fictitious Spanish policeman in Lisbon) 61
VE Day, May 8, 1945 248, 249
Venezuela 260–1, 262–8, 269, 281
Venlo Incident, The, 1939 121, 200
Vire, River, Normandy 184
Wadham, Operation, 1943 124
War Office, UK 139, 143, 157
Welsh nationalism, fictitious sub-agents and 16, 102, 124, 292
West, Nigel 258–61, 269, 270–1, 280, 281, 283
Wiesenthal, Simon 275
Wild, Noel 142
Wilde, Oscar 41
Williams, Gwilym (‘G.W.’) 16, 17
Wilson, Peter 271
Wingate, Ronald 142, 206, 207
Wisch, General Theodor ‘Teddy’ 151, 187, 225–6
Wolf’s Lair (Hitler’s Eastern Front military headquarters) 166
Wolff, Werner 222–3
Zossen, Germany 200, 203, 207
Acknowledgements
Many thanks to Mavis Batey, Nigel West, Arne Molfenter and Juliet Wilson-Bareau for sharing their insights into this wonderful story with me.
Ana Domínguez Rama proved to be an excellent researcher and assistant when delving into the labyrinths of the Barcelona city archives. My thanks to the ever resourceful Enrique Murillo for facilitating things.
Nigel Jones and Roger Moorhouse gave useful background information and advice on Second World War matters, for which I am very grateful.
My father, John, leaped gleefully out of retirement to become my research assistant for much of the writing of the book. My thanks for his input and advice.
Thanks also to Lisa Abend, Sabine Kern, Francisco Centofanti, William Ryan, D.E. Meredith, Mike Ivey and Gijs van Hensbergen.
This book would probably not have been written without the support of Peter Ettedgui, who has shared my fascination with the Garbo story from the start. Many years have passed since our first conversation about it at a terrace café in the Plaça de Catalunya, and now, finally, here we are. Gràcies.
Everyone at Random House has been very helpful – and patient. Thanks to all there. Mary Chamberlain remains the best copy-editor one could wish for. And J
enny Uglow, as ever, gracefully helped guide things along.
My thanks to Peter Robinson, for his unwavering support and good advice.
And finally to Salud, por todo.
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