6 Images of a Queen, Phillips, 15
7 Ibid., 16
8 Burghley, State Papers, 71
9 Lettres, Labanoff I, 59
10 The History, Camden, 10
11 Virgin Mother, Maiden Queen, Hackett, 52
12 Dissing Elizabeth, ed. Walker, 30
13 The Reign of Elizabeth, Black, 15
14 Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 280
15 Fragmenta Regalia, Naunton, 40
16 Annals, Hayward, 3
17 Ibid., 2
18 Dictionary of National Biography, 315
19 Ibid., 315
20 Genesis, 3:16
21 The Peloponnesian War, Thucydides, 2.45
22 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 70
23 Ibid., 52
24 State Papers, Venetian, Vol. 7, p. 167 (24 March 1560)
25 The History, Camden, 39
26 Annals, Hayward, 6–7
27 The History, Camden, 53
28 Annals, Hayward, 10–11
29 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 6
30 State Papers, Spanish, I, 7
31 Ibid., 19
32 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 58
33 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 3
34 Ibid., 11 (23 January 1559)
35 The History, Camden, 18
36 The Queen’s Conjurer, Woolley, 60
37 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 3
38 Ibid., 12
39 Ibid., 17
40 Annals, Hayward, 16
41 State Papers, Venetian, 12
42 Annals, Hayward, 16
43 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 53
44 Annals, Hayward, 6
45 Ibid., 7
46 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 223
47 Ibid., 224
48 Ibid., 239
49 Ibid., 240
50 Annals, Hayward, 18
51 State Papers, Spanish, I, 51
52 State Papers, Venetian, VI, 17
53 For a close discussion of what exactly happened at Elizabeth’s coronation see The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth, ed. Poole, English Historical Review, XXII, Longmans, Green and Co., 1907, pp. 650–673
54 The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth, ed. Poole, 670
55 State Papers, Spanish, I, 37
56 State Papers, Spanish, I, 25
57 Lettres, Labanoff, I, 59
58 Sadler, State Papers, I, 379
59 Ibid., 380
60 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 17
61 State Papers, Spanish, I, 17
62 Elizabeth and Mary Stuart, Mumby, 229
63 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 59
64 Ibid., 51
65 The History, Camden, 39
CHAPTER TWO The Disappointment of Kings
1 History and Chronicles of Scotland, Lindsay of Pitscottie, I, 406
2 Leviticus, 20:21
3 State Papers, Venetian, IV, 873
4 Anne Boleyn, Sergeant, 52
5 Ballads from Manuscripts, ed. Furnivall, 374; quoted in Anne Boleyn, Warnicke, 126
6 Anne Boleyn, Warnicke, 166
7 Camden Miscellany, XXX, vol. 39, 1990, Lancelot de Carles, 1536, in Introduction to ‘William Latymer’s Chronickille of Anne Bulleyne’ 37
8 Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 3
9 Ibid., 4
10 State Papers, Henry VIII, XIII, XI, p. 132
11 State Papers, Spanish, IV, 40
12 State Papers, Henry VIII, IX, 187
13 State Papers, Foreign, I, 530
14 State Papers, Venetian, V, 27
15 Nursing Mirror, 27 December 1962, ‘The Death of Queen Catherine of Aragon’ MacNalty, 275; Henry VIII, Scarisbrick, 334 n. 3
16 State Papers, Spanish, V, 19
17 Anne Boleyn, Sergeant, 261
18 Ibid., 27
19 State Papers, Spanish, IV, 824
20 Anne Boleyn, Sergeant, 272
21 Ibid., 284
22 State Papers, Foreign, I, 529
23 State Papers, Foreign, I, 527
24 Witchcraft in Tudor and Stuart England, Macfarlane, 170
25 Dictionary of National Biography, I, 1061
26 State Papers, Henry VIII, XII, 339
27 Hamilton Papers, I, p. 358
28 State Papers, Henry VIII, XVII, 657
29 State Papers, Spanish, VI, 189
30 Sadler, State Papers, I, 88
31 The Youth of Queen Elizabeth, Wiesener, I, 14
32 Sadler, State Papers, I, 61
33 Ibid., 228
34 Ibid., 228
35 Ibid., 250
36 Ibid., 253
37 Ibid., 289
38 State Papers, Henry VIII, V, 355
39 Histoire d’un Capitaine Bourbonnais as XVIe siècle, Jacques de la Brosse, 1485–1562, ses Missions en Écosse, de la Brosse 320–1, cited in Mary of Guise, Marshall, 139
40 Hamilton Papers, II, 325
42 Elizabeth I: The Word of a Prince, 37
43 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 9
44 Ibid., 97
45 Ibid., 10
46 Ibid., 15
CHAPTER THREE The Education of Princes
1 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 116
2 The History, Camden, 10
3 Annals, Hayward, 46
4 Childhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 29
5 The Six Wives of Henry VIII, Fraser, 365
6 Burghley, State Papers, 96
7 Ibid., 95
8 Ibid., 102
9 Ibid., 96
10 Ibid., 99
11 Ibid., 99
12 Ibid., 96
13 Ibid., 96
14 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 17–19
15 Whole Works of Roger Ascham, ed. Giles, I, 272–3
16 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 21
17 Burghley, State Papers, 62
18 Ibid., 69
19 Ibid., 69
20 Ibid., 70
21 Ibid., 70
22 Ibid., 70
23 Ibid., 71
24 Ibid., 102
25 Ibid., 89
26 Ibid., 89
27 Ibid., 70
28 Ibid., 108
29 Ibid., 108
30 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 32–4
31 Burghley, State Papers, 108
32 Sayings of Queen Elizabeth, Chamberlin, 3. This was taken from the often unreliable seventeenth-century biographer Leti
33 Hamilton Papers, II, 9 August 1548
34 Balcarres Papers, III, 132; English Historical Review, XXII, ed. Poole, 47
35 Balcarres Papers, III, 122; English Historical Review, XXII, 49
36 Additions aux Mémoires de Castelnau, I, Le Laborierèère; The Brood of False Lorraine, Williams, I, 50
37 Balcarres Papers, III, 19; English Historical Review, XXII, ed. Poole, 44
38 Lettres de Diane de Poitiers, Guiffrey, 34–5; English Historical Review, XXII, ed. Poole, 49
39 Mary Queen of Scots, Fleming, 19
40 Balcarres Papers, II; The Love Affairs of Mary Queen of Scots: A Political History, Hume, 39
41 English Historical Review, XXII, ed. Poole, 48
42 Balcarres Papers, III, 130
43 The Love Affairs of Mary Queen of Scots: A Political History, Hume, 41
44 La Première Jeunesse de Marie Stuart, de Ruble, 181; quoted in Mary Queen of Scots, Fraser, 91
45 Lettres, Labanoff, VII, 277
46 Queen in Three Kingdoms, ed. Lynch, 39
47 Lives of the Queens of Scotland, Strickland, III, 31
48 Lives of the Queens of Scotland, Strickland, II, 136
49 Lettres, Labanoff, I, 9–10
50 The Love Affairs of Mary Queen of Scots: A Political History, Hume, 46 note
51 Latin Themes of Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, ed. Montaiglon, 34
52 Ibid., 36
53 Ibid., 40
54 Ibid., xix
55 Lettres, Labanoff, I, 11
56 Lettres, Labanoff, I, 41
&n
bsp; 57 Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 70
58 Whole Works of Roger Ascham, I, 86; Roger Ascham, 104
59 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 327
60 Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 70
61 State Papers, Venetian, VI, 13 May 1557
62 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 66
63 Parallel Lives: Life of Mark Antony, Plutarch, 27
64 Whole Works of Roger Ascham, III, 143; quoted in Roger Ascham, Ryan, 224
65 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 326
66 Ibid., 325n
67 Elizabeth and Mary Stuart, Mumby, 225
68 Lettres, Labanoff, I, 16
69 Oeuvres complètes, Brantôme, IX, 490
70 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 169
71 Vives and the Renascence Education of Women, ed. Watson, 133
CHAPTER FOUR Apprenticeship for a Queen
1 The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women, Knox, 33v; Virgin Mother, Maiden Queen, Hackett, 39
2 The Defence of Good Women, Elyot; Women in Early Modern England, Mendelson and Crawford, 349
3 Letters of John Calvin, ed. Bonnet, 211–12; Virgin Mother, Maiden Queen, Hackett, 39
4 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 51–2
5 Lettres, Labanoff, VI, 50
6 Book of the City of Ladies, Christine de Pizan, trans. Richards, 1.1.1. p. 3–4; 1.1.1–2, p. 5; The Education of a Christian Woman, Vives, xviii
7 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 157
8 Ibid., 141
9 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 164
10 A Collection of Scarce and Valuable Tracts, ed. Scott, I, p. 174
11 Chronicle of Queen Jane, ed. Nichols, 69
12 Ibid., 69
13 Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 82
14 Ibid., 83
15 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 119
16 Ibid., 119
17 Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 108
18 Ibid., 109
19 Chronicle of Queen Jane, 59
20 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 119
21 Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 107
22 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 42
23 Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 227–8
24 Ibid., 230
25 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 96
26 Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 112
27 Elizabeth I, Somerset, 40
28 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 41
29 Ibid., 41
30 Ibid., 42
31 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 121
32 Chronicle of Queen Jane, 70–71
33 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 123
34 Ibid., 123
35 Ibid., 124
36 Ibid., 124
37 The Diary of Baron Waldstein, 71
38 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 124
39 Chronicle of Queen Jane, 71
40 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 125
41 Childhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 228
42 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 126
43 Chronicle of Queen Jane, 74
44 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 130
45 Ibid., 131
46 Queen Elizabeth and Some Foreigners, ed. Klarwill, 76
47 Actes and Monuments, Foxe, 132
48 State Papers, Spanish, I, 4
49 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 59
50 Girlhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 137n
51 Ibid., 154
52 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 45–6
53 Ibid., 46
54 Ibid., 41
55 Acts and Monuments, Foxe, 140
56 Childhood of Queen Elizabeth, Mumby, 195
57 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 44
58 Ibid., 141
59 State Papers, Foreign, I, 91
60 State Papers, Foreign, II, 3; quoted in Elizabeth and Mary Stuart, Mumby, 3
61 Tracts, ed. Scott, I, 163
62 The History, Camden, 25
63 State Papers, Spanish, VII, 251
64 The History, Camden, 13
65 State Papers, Scottish, I, 446
66 Sadler, State Papers, I, 379
67 Ibid., 377, 376
68 State Papers, Scottish, I, 317
69 State Papers, Foreign, I, 348
70 State Papers, Foreign, I, 370
71 The History, Camden, 39
72 State Papers, Foreign, II, 463
73 Cathérine de Médicis, Cloulas, 145
74 State Papers, Foreign, II, 462
75 The Brood of False Lorraine, Williams, I, 225
76 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 161
77 Histoire de l’estat de France, Regnier de la Planche quoted in Cathérine de Médicis, Cloulas, 146
78 The History, Camden, 39
79 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 172
80 State Papers, Scottish, I, 331
81 State Papers, Foreign, II, 464
82 State Papers, Spanish, I, 84
83 S. Haynes, 260; Elizabeth I, Somerset, 125
84 State Papers, Foreign, III, 72
85 Elizabeth I: Collected Works, 198
CHAPTER FIVE Wilfulness and God’s Will
1 Annals, Hayward, 31
2 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 171
3 State Papers, Spanish, I, 551
4 Ibid., 7
5 Tracts, ed. Scott, I, 173
6 Ibid., 172
7 Arcana seculi decimi sexti, H. Languet, II, ep. xlvii, quoted in Sayings of Queen Elizabeth, Chamberlin, 198
8 The History, Camden, 53
9 Ibid., 52–3
10 State Papers, Spanish, I, 57
11 Ibid., 9
12 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 36–37
13 State Papers, Spanish, I, 73
14 Ibid., 67
15 Ibid., 67
16 Ibid., 7
17 Ibid., 75
18 Ibid., 74
19 Ibid., 72–4
20 Ibid., 75
21 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 81
22 State Papers, Spanish, I, 112
23 Ibid., 104
24 Burghley, State Papers, 212
25 State Papers, Foreign, III, 347
26 Lettres, Labanoff, VI, 50
27 Tracts, ed. Scott, I, 171
28 Sadler’s State Papers, I, 380–1
29 State Papers, Spanish, I, 84
30 State Papers, Scottish, I, 227
31 State Papers, Spanish, I, 89
32 Papiers d’État relatifs à l’histoire d’Écosse, Teulet; quoted in Elizabeth and Mary Stuart, Mumby 50
33 Sadler’s State Papers, II, 218
34 Ibid., 219
35 State Papers, Foreign, I, 370
36 Annals, Hayward, 46
37 Ibid., 47
38 Sadler’s State Papers, I, 376
39 Ibid., II, 248
40 Queen Elizabeth and Her Times, ed. Wright, I, 24
41 Burghley, State Papers, 253
42 Forbes I, 395; quoted in Elizabeth I, Seymour, 125
43 State Papers, Foreign, II, 594
44 State Papers, Spanish, I, 127
45 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 226
46 Annals, Hayward, 94
47 State Papers, Foreign, II, 581
48 Ibid., 597
49 Lettres, Labanoff, I, 71
50 Elizabeth and Mary Stuart, Mumby, 120
51 Burghley, State Papers, 311
52 Burghley, State Papers, 302
53 Elizabeth and Leicester, Jennings, 61
54 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 228
55 Ibid., 234
56 State Papers, Foreign, 3, 117
57 State Papers, Spanish, I, 159
58 Ibid., 166
59 Burghley, State Papers, 361
60 Queen Elizabeth and Some Foreigners, ed. Klarwill, 114
61 Ibid., 115
62 Elizabeth and Mary Stuart, Mumby, 128
63 State Papers, Spanish, I, 175
64 Burghley, State Papers, 362
65 State Papers, Spani
sh, I, 176
66 Annals, Hayward, 45
67 State Papers, Spanish, I, 188
68 State Papers, Foreign, III, 348
69 Ibid., 347
70 Ibid., 348
71 BM Add. MSS 35834–6, 35841, I, 121–3; quoted in Robert Dudley, Kendall, 37
72 State Papers, Spanish, I, 58
73 Elizabeth and Mary Stuart, Mumby, 147
74 English Historical Review, LXXI, ‘The Death of Amy Robsart’, I.A. Aird, 72
75 Burghley, State Papers, 361–2
76 State Papers, Foreign, III, 398
77 State Papers, Foreign, III, 394
78 State Papers, Scottish, I, 555
79 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 278
80 State Papers, Foreign, III, 421
81 Ibid., 421–2
82 Corpus Reformatorum, xivi, 270, quoted in Mary Queen of Scots, Fleming, 225
83 Annals, Hayward, 95
84 Lettres, Labanoff, I, 91
85 State Papers, Foreign, III, 566
86 Bittersweet Within My Heart, trans. and ed. Bell, 16
87 Ibid., 19
88 Lettres, Labanoff, I, 80
89 Mary Queen of Scots, Fleming, 229
90 State Papers, Spanish, I, 422
91 Lettres, Labanoff, I, 81
92 State Papers, Foreign, III, 472
93 Ibid., 423
94 Ibid., 573
95 Elizabeth and Mary Stuart, Mumby, 160
96 State Papers, Venetian, VII, 381
CHAPTER SIX Complicity and Competition
1 Elizabeth I, Somerset, 146; Knox II, 275–6
2 State Papers, Foreign, III, 472
3 Ibid., 475
4 Ibid., 473
5 Ibid., 472
6 Mary Queen of Scots, Fleming, 40
7 Ibid., 40
8 State Papers, Spanish, I, 210
9 State Papers, Scottish, I, 538
10 Works, Knox, II, 269
11 State Papers, Scottish, I, 547
12 Ibid., 551
13 Ibid., 565
14 State Papers, Foreign, IV, 152
15 State Papers, Scottish, I, 562
16 Ibid., 564
17 Ibid., 547
18 Ibid., 555
19 Mary Queen of Scots, Fleming, 253
20 Annals, Hayward, 75
21 Mary Queen of Scots, Fleming, 284
22 State Papers, Scottish, I, 562
23 Ibid., 559
24 Collected Works, 68
25 Ibid., 65
26 Ibid., 66
27 Ibid., 63
28 Elizabeth and Mary Stuart, Mumby, 188–9
29 State Papers, Foreign, IV, 322
30 The History, Camden, 39
31 State Papers, Spanish, I, 221
32 State Papers, Foreign, IV, 321
33 State Papers, Spanish, I, 308
34 Ibid., 309
35 Elizabeth, Somerset, 165
36 State Papers, Foreign, IV, 29
37 State Papers, Spanish, I, 240
38 State Papers, Foreign, 4, 580
39 Burghley, State Papers, 380