Adam of Murimuth 119
Adam of Usk 185, 188, 189, 207, 221, 290
Adrian IV, Pope 22, 24
Agincourt, battle of (1415) 19–21, 227
Albemarle, Earl of 68
Alexander II, King of Scots 64
Alexander III, King of Scots 93, 108
Alexander III, Pope 22, 23
Alexander IV, Pope 77, 81
Alfred the Great 240
Alice of France 28, 29, 30, 34
Angers xvii, 3
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 6, 7, 11
Anne of Bohemia, Queen consort of England 175–6, 179, 180
Appellant, Lords 178–9, 183–4, 186, 194
Arnulf, Bishop of Séez 9–10
Arthur of Brittany 34, 45, 46–7, 56
Arthurian legend 20, 96, 97, 154
Arundel, Richard Fitzalan, Earl of 158, 176, 177, 178, 180, 184, 185, 189, 190, 194
Arundel, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury 177, 179, 184, 187, 188, 195, 198, 199, 204, 207, 212
Assize of Clarendon 16
Audley, Hugh 130, 133
Badby, John 211
Badlesmere, Bartholomew, Lord 130, 131, 133, 133–4, 135
Baibars, Sultan 92, 93
Bale, John, Bishop of Ossory 289
Ball, John 172, 173
Balliol, Edward, King of Scotland 151–3, 164
Balliol, John, King of Scotland 109–10, 112
Bamburgh 246, 255, 275
Bannockburn, battle of (1314) 117, 127, 128, 129, 152
Bardolf, Thomas, Lord 205, 206
Barnet, battle of (1471) 263–4, 273
Beatrice of Savoy 73
Beaufort, Henry, Bishop of Winchester 207, 212, 222, 235
Beaufort, Lady Margaret 281–2, 286
Beaulieu Abbey 52
Beaumont, Louis de, Bishop of Durham 129
Becket, Thomas 14, 21, 22, 23, 23–4, 25, 26, 96, 122, 199, 209
Bedford, John, Duke of 198, 212, 222, 225, 226, 229, 234, 235
Bek, Anthony, Bishop of Durham 112
benevolences 266, 282
Bentley, Walter 163
Berengaria of Navarre, Queen consort of England 28, 34, 35, 36, 42
Berkeley Castle 142
Berners, Sir James 178
Bertran de Born 27–8
Berwick 126, 127, 132, 152, 246, 276
Black Death 161, 162, 173
Blacman, John 233–4, 239, 240
Blanche of Castile, Queen consort of France 63
Blanche of Lancaster 171
Blondel, minstrel 39
Bohun, Mary de 193, 198
Boisratier, Archbishop Guillaume 213, 214
Boniface, Archbishop of Canterbury 73
Boniface VIII, Pope 112, 113
Bosworth, battle of (1485) 286–7
Bourchier, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury 280
Bracton, Henry de 68
Bramham Moor, battle of (1408) 206
Brandon, Sir William 283
Breauté, Falkes de 68
Bretagne, Gilles de 236–7, 239–40
Briouze, William de 56
Bruce, Mary 114
Bruce, Robert (later, Robert I, King of Scotland) 91, 114–15, 116, 117, 126, 127, 132, 136, 149
Bruton, John 214
Bryant, Arthur 291–2
Buchan, Isabel, Countess of 114
Buchan, John xviii–xix
Buckingham, Henry Stafford, Duke of 279, 280, 281, 282
Buckingham, Humphrey Stafford, Duke of 245
Burgh, Hubert de 60, 64, 67, 68, 70–1, 72
Burley, Sir Simon 178, 179, 185, 194
Burnell, Robert, Bishop of Bath and Wells 94, 99, 105
Burstwick 122
Bury, Richard 150
Bury St Edmunds 12–13, 53, 60
Bussy, Sir John 184, 188, 195
Butler, Lady Eleanor 257, 280
Cade, Jack 237, 244, 246, 260
Caernarfon Castle 103
Calais 160–1, 162, 166, 168, 205, 228, 238, 242, 247, 252, 267
Calais, burghers of 160–1
Calveley, Sir Hugh 163
Cambridge, Richard of Conisburgh, Earl of 214
Camoys, Lord 219
Camulio, Prospero di 246, 255
canon law 22–3, 46, 99
Capetians 70, 71
Capgrave, John 197, 202, 204, 217, 218, 257
Carthusians 174, 216, 227, 240
Catesby, William 277, 283, 284
Catherine of Valois, Queen consort of England 215, 225, 226, 229, 253
Chandos, Sir John 147, 163
Channel Islands 68
Charles III, King of France (the Simple) 81
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor 175
Charles IV, King of France 138, 139, 155
Charles V, King of France 165
Charles VI, King of France 177, 182, 198, 202, 207, 213–14, 225, 226, 241
Charles VII, King of France 235, 236, 237
Charles of Anjou, King of Sicily 93
Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy 259, 262, 267, 268
Charter of the Forest 67, 108, 111, 157
Château Gaillard 41, 47, 48
Chaucer, Geoffrey 165, 167, 174, 176, 216, 278
Chauncy, Fra’ Joseph de 93
Chinon 4, 19
Churchill, Sir Winston 118, 291–2
Cinque Ports 64, 83
Clare, Elizabeth de 130
Clare, Isabel de 33
Clarence, George , Duke of 255, 260, 261, 262, 263, 266, 269, 273, 274, 282
Clarence, Lionel, Duke of 153, 171
Clarence, Thomas, Duke of 198, 207, 208–9, 212, 217, 222, 227
Clarendon 19, 69, 154, 233
Clarendon, Dr William 197
Clement V, Pope 112
Clifford, Lord John 253
Clifford, Rosamund 21
Clisson, Jeanne de 163
coinage 15, 77–8, 104, 163
Colchester, William de 195
Colyngbourne, William 283
Common Law 16, 31, 94, 255
Commynes, Philippe de 233, 256, 267, 268
Comyn, John, Lord of Badenoch 111, 113, 114
Constance of Hauteville 34
Constitutions of Clarendon 23, 25
Corbridge, Thomas, Archbishop of York 112
Corfe Castle 64
Cornwall, Edmund, Earl of 99
Cornwall, Richard, Earl of 74, 76, 77, 78, 82, 83, 86, 97
Crécy, battle of (1346) 159–60
Cressingham, Hugh de 110
Cricklade Castle 8
Crusades 25, 29, 30, 32, 33–9, 60, 74, 77, 92–3, 156, 194
Culpeper, Sir Walter 134
customs duties 40–1, 266
Cyprus 35–6, 43, 194
Dafydd ap Gruffydd 100, 101, 102–3
Dagworth, Sir Thomas 159, 160, 163
Damory, Roger 130, 133
David I, King of Scotland 10
David II, King of Scotland 152, 160, 164
Despenser, Hugh (elder) see Winchester, Hugh Despenser, Earl of
Despenser, Hugh (younger) 131, 132, 133, 135–6, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 149
Despenser, Lady (Constance of York, Countess of Gloucester) 203
Diceto, Ralph de 26
Dickens, Charles 291
Dictum of Kenilworth 85
Disinherited (Anglo-Scottish magnates) 151, 152
Divine Kingship 174, 185
Dorset, John Beaufort, Earl of 184, 212, 218
Douglas, Sir Archibald 152
Dover Castle 64
Droxford, John 111
Dunheved, Thomas 142
Dupplin Moor, battle of (1332) 152
Edgar Atheling 5
Edington, William, Bishop of Winchester 162–3
Edmund II, Ironside 5, 13
Edmund of Abingdon, Archbishop of Canterbury 72
Edmund, St 70
Edward the Confessor 58, 70, 76, 86, 175, 195
Edward I 66, 70, 73, 77, 86
, 91–116, 153
appearance 95
castle building 103
character and qualities 95, 96
coronation 93
Crusader 92–3
death of 116
early years 92
expulsion of the Jews 104
financial policies 104, 107, 108
First Statute of Westminster 98
Gascon campaign 105–6, 107
lawmaker 92, 94, 98–9, 116, 290
relations with the Church 99, 111–12
Scottish campaign 108–11, 112–14, 116
spouses see Eleanor of Castile; Margaret of France
Statute of Merchants 104
tomb of 119
truce with France 106
Welsh campaigns 100–4
Edward II 117–43, 170
administrative reforms 136
alleged homosexuality 121–2, 137
alleged survival 143
appearance 121
and Bannockburn 117, 127, 128, 129
capture of 140
character and qualities 118, 121–2
and civil war 125, 130, 134–5
coronation 120
death of 142–3
deposition of 141–2, 177
and the Despensers’ tyranny 135–6, 137, 138, 139
early years 118–19
imprisonment 140–2
Isabella’s plot against 138–41
Ordinances of 1311 124, 128, 129, 130, 131, 135, 136
and Piers Gaveston 119–22
Prince of Wales 115
Scottish campaign 126–7
spouse see Isabella of France
tomb 143
Edward III 125, 147–69, 188, 199
appearance 153
and Arthurian legend 154
and capture of Calais 160–1
character and qualities 148, 153, 154–5
claims French crown 156
coronation 148
coup against Isabella and Mortimer 150–1
and Crécy 159–60
gain and loss of Aquitaine 164–6
in literature and national myth 289
invasion of France 156–9
and Mortimer’s execution 151
nationalist sentiments 165
old age and death 167–8
Order of the Garter 154, 162
relations with the Church 154, 158
Scottish campaign 151–3, 164
and Sluys 157, 158
spouse see Philippa of Hainault
treatment of Isabella 151
Edward IV 244, 246, 247, 248, 249, 251–70, 273, 280
appearance 256
birth and early life 252–3
character and qualities 251–2, 256–8, 269–70
claims the throne 253–4
coronation 254–5
death of 269
defeats last Lancastrian army at Tewkesbury 264
defeats Somerset’s rebellion 255–6
flees to Holland 261–2
Hundred Years War 266–8
invades France 266–8, 274
makes peace with Louis XI 267–8
relations with the Church 258
Scottish campaign 275–6
spouse see Wydeville, Elizabeth
and Towton 251
Wars of the Roses 252–4, 255–6, 259–65
Warwick and Clarence plot against 260–2
womanizing 257–8, 268
Edward of Lancaster, Prince of Wales 261, 264, 273
Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales 274, 277, 280, 282
Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales (Black Prince) 153, 163, 164–5, 166, 168, 174
Edward V 279, 280–1
Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen consort of France and England 11–16, 20, 26–7, 28, 29, 34, 45, 46, 48, 52
Eleanor of Castile, Queen consort of England 93, 95, 97, 105
Eleanor of Provence, Queen consort of England 72–3, 76, 77, 82, 84
Elizabeth of York, Queen consort of England 282, 283, 284
Epiphany Plot (1399–1400) 195, 203, 212
Eric VII, King of Denmark 206
Estreby, Roger de 25
Eton 240, 268
Eugenius, Pope 11
Eustace IV, Count of Boulogne 6, 7, 10, 11, 12–13
Exchequer 15, 54, 94, 108, 136, 159, 162–3, 167
Exeter, Henry Holland, Duke of 262, 263, 264, 268
Exeter, John Holland, Duke of 184
Exeter, Thomas Beaufort, Duke of 222
Ferdinand III, King of Castile 96
Ferrer, Vincent 224
feudalism 5, 16
Fieschi, Manuel 142–3
First Statute of Westminster 98
FitzPeter, Geoffrey 58
FitzWalter, Robert 55–6, 58, 60
Fortescue, Sir John 265
Fotheringhay Castle 257, 272
Francis II, Duke of Brittany 267
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor 77, 81
Frescobaldi, Amerigo de 124
Frisby, Dr William 187
Froissart, Jean 137, 147, 148, 155, 168–9, 172, 176, 185, 187, 188, 189, 190, 257
Fulk the Red, Count of Anjou (Fulk I) 3
Fulk the Black, Count of Anjou (Fulk III) ix–xviii, 3–4
Fulk V, Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem 4
Fusoris, Jean 214, 215
Gascony 49, 59, 68, 77, 80, 98, 103, 104, 105–6, 116, 120, 138, 151, 156, 160, 165, 180, 233, 238, 241
Gaucourt, Raoul de 217
Gaveston, Piers 115, 119–25, 128, 134
Geoffrey of Anjou 11, 12, 16
Geoffrey of Gâtinais 4
Geoffrey of Monmouth 20, 112–13
Geoffrey of Norwich 53–4
Geoffrey Plantagenet, Archbishop of York 50
Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou 4–5, 9–10, 11
Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (1158–1186) 21, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30
Geoffrey the Hammer xvii, 4
Gerald of Wales xviii, 8, 17, 19, 20, 27, 29, 35
Giffard, John 130
Giles of Rome 185
Gisors 39
Glastonbury 154
Gloucester Abbey 143
Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of 84, 85, 97–8, 101
Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of 123, 125, 126–7, 132
Gloucester, Humphrey, Duke of 198, 212, 222, 225, 226, 229, 234, 235, 236
Gloucester, Isabella, Countess of 46
Gloucester, Robert, Earl of 6, 7, 9, 10, 17
Gloucester, Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of 177, 178, 179–80, 181–3, 189, 193
Glyndwr, Owain xix, 196, 200, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206, 211, 214
Gower, John 174, 176, 199
Grandson, Othon de 98
Gray, John de, Bishop of Norwich 52–3
Great Famine (1315–22) 129
Great Parliament (1265) 83
Great Schism 181, 222
Great Slump (1440–80) 241, 261, 268
Green, Sir Henry 188, 195
Green, John Richard 291
Gregory VII, Pope 22
Gregory IX, Pope 77
Gregory X, Pope 93
Grey, Sir Thomas 214
Grosseteste, Bishop Robert 81, 85
Guala Bicchieri, Cardinal 64
Guesclin, Bertrand du 165–6
Gurdon, Sir Adam 92
Halidon Hill, battle of (1333) 152, 156
Hampstead Marshall 154
hanging, drawing and quartering 103, 116
Harclay, Sir Andrew 134, 136
Harfleur 217–18, 222, 237
Harlech Castle 103, 202, 206
Harvey, John 174
Hastings, William, Lord 258, 262, 263, 279–80
Hazlitt, William 290–1
Henry I 4, 5, 15
Henry II xix, 8–31, 92
appearance 13–14
and Arthurian legend 20
at war with Louis
VII 11–12
at war with Stephen 10, 12
bastard children 21
birth and early life 9
character and qualities 17–18
claims English throne 8–9, 12
conflict with sons 21–2, 25–6, 29, 31
coronation 13
death of 31
Duke of Brittany 16
Duke of Normandy 10–11
erudition 20
financial reforms 15
heir to Stephen 13
invasion of Ireland 24–5
legal administration 15–16
marries Eleanor of Aquitaine 11
rages 21
relations with Becket 22, 23–4, 25
relations with Richard 30–1
and the Young King’s rebellion 25–6, 27
Henry III 66–87
and the barons’ war 78–9
appearance 68–9
character and qualities 69–70
coronation 67, 68
Crusading plans 77
cult of Edward the Confessor 76
death of 86
French campaigns 70–1, 74–5
homage to Louis IX 80
piety 70
and the Provisions of Oxford 79–80, 81, 82, 85
and Simon de Montfort 66, 74, 77, 78–9, 80, 81, 82, 83–5
Henry IV Bolingbroke xix, 178, 179, 184, 185–6, 192–209
appearance 197
and Archbishop Scrope’s rebellion 204
and the Armagnac–Burgundian dispute 206–7, 208
banished by Richard II 186–7, 198, 211
character and qualities 193, 197–9
claims the throne 187–8, 190, 192, 197
coronation 195
Crusader 194
illness and death 204, 205–6, 207, 209
in literature and national myth 290–1
Percy rebellions 199–202, 206
plots and risings against 195, 196–7, 199–202, 203, 204, 206
and Richard II’s deposition 189–90
Scottish expedition 196
spouses see Bohun, Mary de; Joan of Navarre
Welsh campaigns 196, 198, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206
Henry V 210–30
Agincourt 19–21, 227
appearance 215–16
character and qualities 215
claim to the throne 211
coronation 212
death of 229–30
Hundred Years War 210–11, 213–14, 217–25, 228–9
in literature and national myth 291
Lollard persecution 211–12, 213, 216
Lollard plot against 213
Normandy invasion 223–4
Prince of Wales 198, 200, 201, 202, 206, 207, 208, 211
recognised as ‘Heir and Regent of France’ 225–6
relations with the Church 216, 227–8
Southampton Plot (1415) 214
spouse see Catherine of Valois
Welsh campaigns 211
Henry VI 229, 233–50, 255, 260, 261, 262
appearance 238–9
asceticism 240
character and qualities 239–41
coronation 234
crowned King of France 235