Index
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Abauntz Cave
Abdur Reef
absolute dating
Abi-Rached
accelerator dating
accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)
acid-base-wet oxidation (ABOX) dating
“Adam” (common male ancestor)
Adovasio, Jim
afer subspecies
African Exodus (Stringer)
Africa. See also Out of Africa 1 model; Recent African Origins model; and specific artifacts, sites, species, and tool industries and periods
ancient human species in, and internal variation
as center of physical and cultural origins
climate and
Coon model of divided lineages following
cultural spread and
Darwin on
debate over
demography and cultural change in
dispersal routes from
exodus from
genetic data and
Haeckel’s lost continent vs.
Human Revolution and
population size and
symbolism and language in
African Genesis (Ardrey)
age profiles
agriculture
Ahmarian industry
Aiello, Leslie
Ainu people
Alexander, Richard
Alicona imaging microscope
Allen, Jim
Allen’s rule
allometry
alloparents
Allsworth-Jones, Philip
Altamira Cave
altered consciousness
altruism
Alzheimer’s
Ambrose, Stanley
americanus subspecies
Amud fossils
amygdala
Andel, Tjeerd van
Andrews, Peter
apes, great. See also specific species
brains
childhood and
DNA
Hobbit and
human abilities vs.
human split from
apolipoprotein E gene
archaic genes. See also interbreeding
African populations and
dispersals from Africa and
Ardrey, Robert
argon dating
Armitage, Simon
art. See also specific sites and works
artisan specialists
Asia
Asian origins models
asiaticus subspecies
ASPM gene
Assimilation model
Atapuerca Neanderthals
Aterian industry
Atkinson, Quentin
Aurignacians
Australia
Australian aborigines
australopithecines
Australopithecus afarensis
Australopithecus africanus
Australopithecus sediba
autosomal DNA
dispersal from Africa and
Avery, Margaret
Bailey, Shara
Banks, William
Barker, Graeme
Barton, Nick
Bar-Yosef, Ofer
beads
ostrich eggshell
shell
Beaumont, Peter
Beeches Pit
behavior. See also specific behaviors
Africa as source of complex
brain and
complex in early modern sites
coordination of activities
cultural buffering and
Dmanisi and
environment and genes and
group size and
Human Revolution and
human vs. ape
hunting and
learning from fossils about
mating and
mind reading and
modern, and Africa
modern, and Australia
modern, and evolution
modern, and physical changes
modern, defined
music and
Neanderthal vs. modern
pigments and body painting
population densities and
religion and
rituals and
Social Brain Hypothesis and
social transmission and
symbolism and
Bello, Silvia
Berger, Thomas
Bergmann’s rule
Bermúdez de Castro, José María
betaglobin gene
Biaka pygmies
Bigelow, Robert
Binford, Lewis
Bingham, Paul
Biological Species Concept (BSC)
Bir el-Ater
Blombos Cave
blood groups
blood proteins
boats
Bocherens, Hervé
Bodo
body shape
Bohunician industry
Boker Tachtit
bone butchery
bones, dating
Border Cave
bottlenecks, population
Boule, Marcellin
Boxgrove site
Boyd, Robert
Brace, C. Loring
Bradshaw paintings
brain
African origins and
behavior and
Broken Hill
childhood and
Dmanisi
energy demands and
evolution and
genes and
group size and
H. erectus
H. heidelbergensis
Hobbit
Human Revolution and
inner speech and
language and
marine resources and
memory and
microcephalin gene and
modern human
music and
Neanderthal
regional differences
religion and
rewiring and behavior
ritual and
size and
Social Brain Hypothesis and
toolmaking and
warfare and
braincase
Broken Hill
H. erectus and
Herto skull
H. heidelbergensis and
H. sapiens and
modern human and
Neanderthal
brain mapping
Bramble, Dennis
Bräuer, Günter
Brennan, Mary Ursula
Brink, James
Broad Spectrum Revolution
Broken Hill skull (Rhodesian Man)
Bromage, Tim
Brooks, Alison
Brotherton, Paul
Brothwell, Don
Brown, Kyle
Brown, Peter
brow ridge
Bruner, Emiliano
burials. See also specific sites
Amud and Kebara
Cro-Magnon
Lapedo Valley
Nazlet Khater
Neanderthals
Qafzeh
rituals and
Saint-Césaire
Skhul
symbolic
Tabun
Bushman
Busk, George
butchery marks
Byrne, Richard
Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) dating
Campbell, Bernard
Campi Flegrei volcanic eruption
Cann, Rebecca
cannibalism
“Capoid” lineage
carbon C-12/C-13, diet and
carbon C-14 dating
Carmel, Mount
Caspari, Rachel
catarrhines group
“Caucasoid” lineage propose
d
cause and effect concept
Cavallo Cave
cave art
CDK5RAP2 gene
CENPJ gene
cephalic index (CI)
cerebellum
cerebellum/cerebrum ratio
cerebral cortex
cerebral hemispheres
cerebrum
Chancelade site
Chapais, Bernard
Châtelperronian industry
Chauvet Cave
cheekbones
childbirth
children
chimpanzees
behavior
blood groups
brain
culture
genome
human split from
lice and
tools and
chin
China. See also specific sites
Chomsky, Noam
Christ Church, Spitalfields
chromosome 9
Churchill, Steve
Clacton
Clark, Desmond
classification of species
click language groups
climate
African Middle Stone Age and
Australia and
body shape and
Broad Spectrum Revolution and
culture and
dispersal from Africa and
Hobbit and
isotope signatures and
Neanderthal extinction and
Neanderthals vs. Cro-Magnons and
northern China and
population and
regional characteristics and
clothing and textiles
coalitions, aggressive
coasts, dispersals from Africa and
Cochran, Gregory
collagen, diet and
Collins, Matthew
communication. See also language
competition
Compton, Tim
computerized tomography (CT scans)
microCT studies
stereolithography and
teeth and
Confucius
continental drift
cooking
ovens and
Coolidge, Frederick
Coon, Carleton
Cooper, Alan
cooperation
Cooperative Eye Hypothesis
coordination of activities
corals, dating and
Corballis, Michael
Cormack, Allan
Cornish, Lorraine
cosmetics
Coulson, Sheila
courtship
creativity
Crevecoeur, Isabelle
Cro-Magnons
Aurignacian industry
body size and shape
brain size
burials
cave art and
classification of
climate and
clothing and
culture of
data gathering on, in 1971
diet of
dogs and
European expansion by
evolution from Neanderthal theory
genetics and
Gravettian tools and
H-O foramen and
Human Revolution and
kinship and
longevity of
migrations of
Neanderthal interbreeding and
Neanderthals wounds and
Omo Kibish and
RAO model and
regional characteristics and
Cronin, Helena
Cruciani, Fulvio
cryptotephra
Cueva Antón
Cueva de los Aviones
Cueva Morin
cultural adaptation
cultural buffering
cultural diversity
cultural selection
culture
demography and
gene flow and
imitation and
Neanderthal vs. modern
SBH and
social networks and
Currat, Mathias
Cussac cave paintings
cytochrome
Danube River
Dart, Raymond
Darwin, Charles
dating methods
Dawkins, Richard
Dawn Warriors, The (Bigelow)
Dawson, Charles
Day, Michael
Deacon, Hilary
Dean, Christopher
demography. See also population density; population size
dendrochronology dating
Denisovans
genetics
Dennell, Robin
Denys, Christiane
d’Errico, Francesco
Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, The (Darwin)
Devil’s Tower skull
Diepkloof rock shelter
diet. See also marine resources; plant resources
Cro-Magnon vs. Neanderthal
Di Reinzo, Anna
diseases
distance statistic
Divje Babe Cave
Dmanisi
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). See also genetics; and specific types
dogs
domestication
dopamine
Drake, Nick
DRD4 gene
Dreamtime
Dubois, Eugène
Dunbar, Robin
Dunbar’s number
dwellings
dyes. See also pigments
Dzudzuana Cave
Early Neanderthal model
East Africa
EDAR gene
“Egbert” skeleton
Elandsfontein
electron spin resonance (ESR), dating
Eliye Springs
Ellison, Peter
El Sidrón caves
Emiran industry
empathy
encephalization quotient (EQ)
Endicott, Phillip
endorphins
Engis site
Enkapune ya Muto (Twilight Cave)
environment
adaptation to
cultural buffering and
learning and
“Eoanthropus dawsoni”
epigenetics
Eswaran, Vinayak
Eurocentrism
europaeus subspecies
Europe. See also Cro-Magnons; Neanderthals; and specific sites and tool industries and periods
climate in
dating of oldest modern humans in
dispersal to
early human sites in
early symbolism
language humans in
later human sites
European origins models
Ewing, J. Franklin
Excoffier, Laurent
extinctions, and knowledge
Eyasi skull
eyes
color
sclera
sockets
face
expressions
shape
Falconer, Hugh
families, extended. See also kinship systems
fashion
fatherhood, recognition of
feet
females. See also Mitochondrial Eve
childbirth and
dispersals from Africa and
figurine
hunting and
kinship and
Neanderthal genes and
plant collection and fire
postmenopause
red ocher and
social complexity and
violence and
X-chromosomes and
femora (thighbones)
figurines
Finlayson, Clive
fire
Fishbourne Roman Palace
Fisher, Claire
fish oils
Flannery, Kent
flax fibers
Fleagle, John
Flores Island. See also Hobbit
Florisbad skull
flour production
flutes
Fodor, Jerry
Foley, Robert
food. See also specific types
gathering and processing
refuse
resources
Forbes’ Quarry
forehead
founder effect
454 Life Sciences
Fox, Robin
FOXP2 gene
French, Jennifer
Froehle, Andrew
frontal lobe
G6PD enzyme
Galería del Osario
Galley Hill skeleton
Gamble, Clive
Garden of Eden model
Gargett, Robert
Geist, Valerius
gemmules
gene flow
“Genetic and Fossil Evidence for the Origin of Modern Humans” (Stinger)
genetic distance technique
genetic drift
genetic engineering
genetics. See also DNA; interbreeding; RNA
African internal variation and
altruism and
Australia and
cultural diversity and
Denisovans and
development of
dispersal of modern humans and
distance from Africa and
founder effect
future evolution and
geographic distribution and
human evolution calibrated through
hybridization and archaic genes
language and
lice and
longevity and
modern human evolution and
mtDNA and
Multiregional view and
Neanderthals and
population size and
RAO model and
regional characteristics and
selfish gene and
genetic switches
Genghis Khan
genus, defined
Gesher Benot Ya’aqov
Gibraltar
glottogonists
Goodall, Jane
gorillas
gossip
Gough’s Cave
Gould, Stephen Jay
Goyet Cave
Grandmother Hypothesis
Gravettians
Greenland Eskimo
Grimaldi site
grooming
Grossman, Sharon
Grotte du Renne
group relations. See also social life
identity and
longevity and
rituals and
group selection
group size. See also population size
Grün, Rainer
Gunz, Philipp
Guomde site
gyri
Hadza hunter-gatherers
Haeckel, Ernst
hair
hallucinogenic plants
Hamilton, William
Hammer, Michael
handaxes
haplogroups
L3
M and N
Harpending, Henry
Harrison, Barbara
Harrison, Tom
Harvati, Katerina
Haua Fteah
Hawkes, Kristen
Hawks, John
hearths
Heidelberg Man. See also Homo heidelbergensis
Heinrich, Hartmut
Heinrich events
Helicobacter pylori
hematite (red iron oxide)
Henrich, Joe
Henshilwood, Chris
Herto site
Higham, Tom
Hillson, Simon
histone proteins
HIV resistance
HLA (human leucocyte antigen)
Ho, Simon
Hobbit (Homo floresiensis, Flores Man)