François-Poncet, André
Franklin, Aretha
Frazer, James
Freeman, Walter J.
Freke, Timothy
French Revolution
crowd behavior and
Festival of Federation
Festival of the Supreme Being
festivals of, as prototype for fascist spectacles
Freud, Sigmund
Fritschze, Peter
Fronto
Full Witness Apostolic Church of Zion
functionalist view of ecstatic behavior
Furness, Clinton
Galileo
Gandy, Peter
Garcia, Jerry
Garfinkel, Yosef
Germany
epidemic of depression in
Luther’s Reformation
passion plays in
repression of carnival in
Ghost Dance
Gillen, Frank
Gilsenan, Michael
Givant, Michael
Glitter, Gary
glossolalia (tongue-speaking)
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von
Golden Bough, The (Frazer)
Goodman, Felicitas
Goody, Jack
gospel music
Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners (Bunyan)
Granet, Marcel
Grateful Dead
Graves, Robert
Gray, Thomas
Great Revival in America
Greece, ancient deities of
Dionysius, see Dionysus (Bacchus)
drama of
itinerant charismatics in
military preparedness and ecstatic rituals
mystery cults of
religion of
vase art of
Greeks and the Irrational, The (Dodds)
Greenblatt, Stephen
Gregory IX, Pope
Gregory of Nazianzus
Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language (Dunbar)
groups:
defense against predators
evolutionary advantages of forming
hunting in
love among members of
guns
carnival’s demise and
disciplined armies and
nobility’s role changed by
Gurevich, Aron
Guttmann, Allen
Gutwirth, Madelyn
Habits of the Heart: Individuals and Commitment in American Life (Bellah)
hair-tossing, ecstatic
Haitian tradition of Vodou (voodoo)
Halloween
Halmos, Paul
Hamadsha brotherhoods of Morocco
Hambly, W.D.
Hau-hau cult, Maori
Hawaii, Christian missionaries in
Hawks of the Faithful
Heart of Darkness (Conrad)
Hebrews, ancient
hellenized Jews, Dionysus, and Jesus
Purim celebrations
Hecker, J. C.
Henderson, “Crazy George,”
Hera
Hibbert, Christopher
Hightower, Jim
Hill, Christopher
hippies
Hippocrates
Hispala
Hitler, Adolf
Holiness churches
Holly, Buddy
holy dance (ring-shout)
Homer
homosexuality gay culture, festivities of
“Hottentot,”
Hsia, R. Po-Chia
hunting, communal
Huntington, Samuel P.
Hutton, Ronald
Huxley, Aldous
hymn singing
hysteria
immortality
imperialism, European
attack on native communal religions and rituals
black carnival
ecstatic revolution
export of Christian attitude toward emotionalism
extermination of natives
the preservation of native religions and rituals
slavery and
India
individualism
discovery of the inner self
Innocent III, Pope
Inquisition
interiorization
Iran
Isis
Islam
fundamentalist
Wahhabi movement to reform, see Wahhabism
Islamists, militant
isolation, sense of
religion and
Isoma cult ritual of Ndembu people
Italy, fascist spectacle in
Jackson, Mahalia
Jacobins
Jagger, Mick
Jamaica
James, William
Jamison, Kay Redfield
Jefferson Airplane
Jensen, Grodon
Jesus
death of the historical
as healer
hedonic vision of community
hellenic Jews, Dionysus, and
as miracle worker
parallels between Dionysus and
personal salvation and
as son of Yahweh
as victim god
as wandering charismatic
wine, association with
see also Christianity
Jesus Mysteries, The (Freke and Gandy)
Jews:
ancient Hebrews, see Hebrews, ancient
medieval Christian festivals and
jitterbugs
Johnson, Samuel
Jonkonnu
Joyce, Lillian
Juneteenth
Junod, Henry
Juvenal
Keeping Together in Time (McNeill)
Kerényi, Carl
Kimbangu, Simon
Kinsbourne, Marcel
Kinsman, Robert
Kirby, Jon P.
Krishna
!Kung healing rituals
Kuper, Simon
Kutcher, Louis
Ladurie, Emmanuel Le Roy
Lanternari, Vittorio
Lateran Council of 1215
Lawler, Lillian
Le Bon, Gustave
Lenin, Nicolai
Lever, Janet
Lévi-Strauss, Claude
Lewis, I.M.
liminal role of ecstatic ritual
Lindholm, Charles
Little Richard
Livy
Lofland, John
London Missionary Society
Lonsdale, Steven
Louis XIV, King
love:
among large groups
dyadic
lower classes
ecstatic ritual viewed as domain of
French Revolution, crowd behavior of the
sports and
Lucian
Luther, Martin
Lutheranism
Maccabees
Mackenzie, John
McNeill, William H.
Mahmud II, Ottoman sultan
Mair, Lucy
Maori Hau-hau cult
marching bands
Marcion
“Marseillaise, La,”
Mars (god of war)
Martin, Linda
Martyr, Justin
Marx, Karl
masking
banning of
in prehistoric art
at sporting events
Maurice of Orange
Maximilla
maypole
Meeks, Wayne A.
Mehmet Ali Pasha
melancholy, epidemic of
decline in opportunities for pleasure and
discovery of the inner self and
historically
loss of cure for
religion and
spread through Europe
suicide and
Melville, Herman
Menomini Indians
Mesopotamia, ancient
Métraux, Alfred
Mich
al (King Saul’s daughter)
Michelet, Jules
militarism:
ecstatic rituals, effect on practice of
in Roman culture
military discipline
dromedaries and
guns and
military uniforms
millenarian movements
Miller, James
Miller, Reverend Darlene
Mirabeau
mirror neurons
mirrors, discovery of the inner self and popularity of
Mithras
modernization
Montanists of Phrygia
Montanus
Moorehead, Alan
Moritz, Karl Philipp
Moroccan rituals, Islamic
Morris, Desmond
Morrison, Jim
Mosse, George L.
Muir, Edward
Music Journal
Mussolini, Benito
Myerly, Scott
mystery cults of ancient Greece
Namaquas of South Africa
Napoleonic Wars
nationalism
fascist spectacles as displays of
sporting events and
Nazi rallies and public rituals
Nepos, Cornelius
neuroscience
New Guinea
Nietzshe, Friedrich
nobility, see upper class
Nuremberg congresses, annual
Riefenstal’s Triumph of the Will
Nxele
Oakland A’s Drummers
Obeah
“Ode to Melancholy,”
Oesterreich, T. K.
Old Testament
Olmsted, Frederick Law
Oppenheim, Janet
oreibaia (winter dance)
“oriental religions,”
Origen
orpheotelestae
Osiris
Otto, Walter
Ovid
Ozouf, Mona
Palestinian archeological sites
Pan
parades, military
Parisian “convulsionary” cult
passion plays, German
Paul:
letter to the Corinthians
tongue-speaking and
Pausanias
Pentecostalism
Pentheus
personal space, notion of
Philip III, King of Spain
Pilgrim’s Progress (Bunyan)
“Pleasures of Melancholy, The,”
Pliny the Younger
Plutarch
Polynesia
Pontius Pilate
Popolo d’Italia
Portefaix, Lillian
Porter, Roy
possession by a deity, see trance behavior
predators, group defense against
prehistoric roots of ecstatic rituals
Presbyterianism
Presley, Elvis
Prester John
Price, Robert M.
primitives, see “savages,” European idea of
Priscilla
Protestantism
Calvinism, see Calvinism
imperialism and export of, see imperialism, European
Luther’s Reformation
Wahhabism and the Reformation, parallels between
protest movements, elements of carnival in
psychology
of crowd behavior
Publius Aebustius
Punic Wars
Puritans, English
Putnam, Robert D.
Pythia, the
Raboteau, Albert
Reformation, Protestant: Calvinism, see Calvinism Luther’s
Reformed Church of Holland
Rembrandt
RenaissanceIn
Rhys, Jean
rhythm and blues
Ribeiro, Claudio (“Cotton Bud”)
Riefenstal, Leni
ring-shout
Ritual Process, The (Turner)
ritual vs. festivity
Robespierre, Maximilien
Robin Hood
“Rock and Roll Part 2,”
rock art, prehistoric
rock rebellion
commodification of rock music
the counterculture and
opposition to
rock festivals
sports audiences and
Rogers, Nicholas
role playing
Rolling Stones
“Rolling Thunder” events
Roman Empire:
military discipline of
spectacles of
Romans, France, carnival in
Rome, ancient
early Christianity in
homosexuality, attitude toward
militaristic culture
official religion in
political menace of “oriental” cults
repression of ecstatic rituals in
Rosenberg, Josh
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
Sabazios
safety-valve interpretation of carnival
St. Blaise’s Day festivities
St. Eluned’s Day
St. John’s Day
Saint-Just, Louis de
St. Stephen’s Day
Samarin, William
Samburu men of Kenya
Santeria
Sass, Louis
Satan
crowd behavior and
Saturnalia, Roman
Saud, Muhammad ibn
“savages,” European idea of
see also imperialism, European
Savonarola, Girolamo
Schechner, Richard
Scipio Aemilianus Africanus
Scribner, Bob
Segal, Charles
Segrave, Kerry
self, sense of
discovery of the inner self
self-flagellation
Sennett, Richard
sex
ecstatic rituals including
female passivity
Freudian psychology
homosexuality
rock rebellion and
sexual revolution
sexual selection, dance and ecstatic rituals and
Shakespeare, William
shamans
Shango
sharia law
Shirer, William
Shiva
slavery:
European imperialism and
in North America
preservation of ecstatic religions and rituals
rebellions
Smith, Adam
Smith, Morton
soccer
World Cup
social hierarchy:
in ancient Rome
effect on traditional ritual
social scientists, ecstatic behavior as viewed by
society emergence of concept of
sociology
Solomon, Andrew
Somalia, therapeutic celebrations in
South America:
European imperialism in
sports and sports fans in
Spain, epidemic of depression in
speaking in tongues
spectacles:
fascist, see fascist spectacles
modern civilization and
sports as
Speer, Albert
Spencer, Baldwin
sports and sporting events
age demographics of fans
carnivalizing of
commercialization of
costuming at
crackdown on
face painting
the fan as spectacle
feasting at
history of Western
nationalism and
physical expressions of excitement
rhythmic participation of fans
rock music and
sports bars
stadiums
team mascot
televized
wearing of team colors
Springsteen, Bruc
e
Stallybrass, Peter
Starace, Achille
Stern Katherine
Stewart, Rollen (“Rock ’n’ Rollen”)
Stoeltje, Beverly
Stoler, Ann
Strasbourgers’ custom of Roraffe
Styron, William
subjectivity, rise of
Sufism
suicide
Suryani, Luh Ketut
Tahiti
tarantella
Taussig, Michael
Taylor, Frederick Winslow
techniques of ecstasy
Tertullian
theater
Theseus
Thompson, E. P.
Tiberius, emperor
Tiryns, myth of the three princesses of
Toland John
Tolstoy, Leo
tongue-speaking
Touched with Fire (Jamison)
tragedy, Greek
Trajan, emperor
trance behavior
Greek maenads and
possession by a deity
tongue-speaking and
Treatise of Melancholie (Bright)
Trilling, Lionel
Trinidad
Triumph of the Will
Tswanas of southern Africa
Tuan, Yi-Fu
Turner, Victor
Twycross, Meg
Uganda, Christian ritual in
Ukraine:
Hasidic pilgrimage to Uman
Orange Revolution in
upper class:
disdain for ecstatic rituals
manners and etiquette, emergence of
sports and
withdrawal from public festivities
see also imperialism, European
upward mobility
urbanization
Vecsey, George
Vellacott, Philip
Vincent, Ted
violence:
of crowd behavior, see crowd behavior
dangers of carnival
of maenadism
at sporting events
Vodou (voodoo)
Wahhab, Muhammad ibn Abd al-
Wahhabism:
ibn Saud and
parallels with the Protestant Reformation
Walzer, Michael
warfare, gun-based
see also militarism
Warton, Thomas
Watchtower movement, African version of
wave, the (by sports fans)
Weber, Marianne
Weber, Max
Weir, Bob
White, Allon
Wilson, Bryan
Womyn’s Music Festival
work ethic
working class, see lower classes
Wounded Knee
Yahweh
Dionysus, identification with
Jesus as son of
as stern, impersonal deity
Yup’ik people of Alaska