216-17, 235, 236 Casilinum 225, 228, 233 Casson 99, 101 Cato, Marcus Porcius 41, 48
Carthage 291, 333, 334-5
death 345
history 23
political career 324-5 Scipio Africanus 290 Catulus, Caius Lutatius 123-5, 128-9, 132
Celtiberian War 354, 354-5 Celtiberians 25, 154, 246, 249,
251-3, 284-5, 295-6, 334-5 Celts 187, 207 Cenomani 140, 179 Censorinus, Lucius Marcius 338-9,
341, 343 Centenius, Gaius 190, 191, 204 Centenius, Marcus 233 Cicero 41, 354
Cisalpine Gaul 139-40, 151-2, 155,
161,168-9, 172,174-5, 180,198,
218,317 Cissa, Battle of 247 Clastidium (Casteggio) 140, 174 Claudia (sister of Publius Claudius
Pulcher) 122, 133 Claudius, Appius (Second Punic War,
proconsul at Capua) 234 Claudius Caudex, Appius 68-9, 72-4,
82, 97 Claudius, Gaius 72, 73 Claudius Pulcher, Appius 13, 262,
263-4
Claudius Pulcher, Publius 119-21,
122, 132-3 Coates, J. F. 100,104,123 Corinth 356
Cornelius Cethegus, Marcus 243 corpus 106-8, 111, 113-14, 115-16, 121, 126
Crassus, Manius Otacilius 74
Crassus, Publius Licinius 286
Cremona 140, 151 Crispinus, Titus Quinctius 237 Croton 223, 244 Cumae 228
Cynoscephalae, Battle of (197 BC) 22, 319,320
Dasius 174 Decius 66-7
Demetrius of Pharos 255, 256 Digitius, Sextus 276 Dio Cassius 23, 70, 72, 73, 87 Diodorus Siculus 22, 69, 73, 79-80,
82, 94, 107,125 Drepana 117, 119-21, 123, 126,
127
Drusus, Caius Livius 347 Ducarius 188
Duilius, Caius 105, 106, 107,108-9
Echinous, Siege of (210 BC) 259 Ecnomus, Battle of (256 BC) 84, 96,
100,109-15 Egypt 25, 99, 317-18 elephants 34, 325 First Punic War 79, 80, 81, 88-9,
90, 92, 93-4 Second Punic War 154, 160-1, 165-6, 180, 184, 242, 279, 283, 302-5, 307 Emporia 336 Emporion 247 Enna 83, 264
Epicydes 261-2, 264-5, 266, 267 Eryx 95, 124
Etruria 139, 183-5, 223, 287 Etruscans 38
Fabius Buteo, Marcus 145 Fabius Maximus, Quintus (Second Punic War, dictator and consul) 13, 21, 202
avoidance of battle 193-6, 199-200,
313 Campania 233 as consul 227-9 as dictator 191-2
outbreak of Second Punic War 145 ransoming of prisoners 217 Scipio Africanus 286-7, 290 Tarentum 235-6 Fabius Maximus, Quintus (son of the
dictator) 227 Fabius Pictor, Quintus 23, 189, 220 Falto, Quintus Valerius 123, 125, 132 First Macedonian War (215-205) 253-60
First Punic War (264-241 BC) 45, 47,
52, 63-140, 360
sources 17, 19, 21, 23 Flamininus, Lucius 323, 325 Flamininus, Titus Quinctius 319, 322,
325,335 Flaminius, Caius 13, 139-^0, 181,
182-8, 190, 191, 313 Fourth Macedonian War 20, 356 Frontinus 81 Fuller, J. 16
Fulvius Centumalus, Cnaeus 236
Fulvius Flaccus, Marcus 68
Fulvius Flaccus, Quintus 227, 234-5,
236, 237 Fulvius Nobilior, Quintus 334 Fulvius Paetinus Nobilior, Servius 115 Furius, Publius 140
Gades 247, 284, 285 Gaesatae 139, 210 Galatians 323
Galba, Publius Sulpicius 259, 317, 334
Gaul 25,159-65
Gauls
Carthaginian armies 32, 33, 34 Cisalpine Gaul 139-40, 151-2,
168-9, 172, 174-5, 180 Gaul, Hannibal 159-61
Italy 25, 36, 38
Second Punic War 207, 208, 209-14, 231, 232, 242 Geminus, Cnaeus Servilius 181-2,
185,190-2, 196, 200, 205, 213 Gerunium 195, 200 Gesgo 128, 133, 134, 135 Gisgo (officer at Cannae) 203 Gracchus, Caius Sempronius 361 Gracchus, Tiberius Sempronius (consul
238 BC, Sardinia) 136 Gracchus, Tiberius Sempronius
(Second Punic War, consul) 219-20,
225, 227-8 Gracchus, Tiberius Sempronius (son of
consul from Second Punic War) 316 Gracchus, Tiberius Sempronius
(grandson of consul from Second
Punic War) 361 Great Plains, Battle of the (203 BC)
294-6 Greece
Macedonian Wars 20, 253-60,
317-19, 320, 321, 356 naval warfare 98, 100, 101 Second Punic War 245 warfare 54-5, 59, 60 Gulussa 336, 337, 345-6, 351
Hamilcar (First Punic War,
commander in Sicily and Africa) 83,
85, 86-7, 112-13, 114 Hamilcar (Second Punic War in Spain)
248
Hamilcar (Cisalpine Gaul 201 BC) 317
Hamilcar Barca (First Punic War, father of Hannibal Barca) 13 bitterness towards Rome 146-7 First Punic War 95, 123-4, 125-6,
128,131 Mercenary War 133, 135 plans to invade Italy 155 Spain 137-8, 147-8
Hamilcar the Samnite 332, 336 Hannibal (negotiated with
Mamertines) 67 Hannibal (First Punic War at
Lilybaeum, son of Hamilcar) 117 Hannibal (Mercenary War) 135 Hannibal Barca (Hannibal the Great)
14,311-14
advance down Adriatic coast 192-6 Africa 245-6, 296, 298-9, 330-7 Antiochus 323, 331 Cannae 197-219 Capua 233-5
326-8 character 156-8
defections of cities to 222-6, 368 Gauls 181-2
Hasdrubal's march into Italy 238-43
march into Italy 153-66
Philip of Macedonia 255-6
reasons for attacking Rome 147, 150,152-3
Spain 137, 144-5, 245-6
Syracuse 261
Tarentum 229-33
Ticinus 169-73
Trasimene 182, 183-90
Trebia 173-81
troops 35-6, 167-8 Hannibal (First Punic War,
Agrigentum and Mylae, son of
Gisco) 77, 79, 80, 81,106,107-9 Hannibal Monomachus (Second Punic
War, Italy) 157 Hannibal the Rhodian (First Punic
War, Lilybaeum) 117-18, 123 Hannibal the Starling 332 Hanno (lost Messana to Mamertines)
72
Hanno (First Punic War, Agrigentum and Ecnomus) 13, 73, 79-81, 82, 83, 85, 112
Hanno (First Punic War, commander,
Aegates Islands) 124 Hanno (Mercenary War) 135, 230 Hanno (Second Punic War,
commander in Spain) 159, 247, 248 Hanno (Second Punic War, Italy, son
of Bomilcar the Suffete) 160 Hanno (Second Punic War, Rhegium
and Locri, and River Calor) 223,
226
Hanno (Second Punic War, commander at Agrimentum) 266, 267
Hanno (Second Punic War,
commander defeated near Cap
Farina) 291 Hanno (Second Punic War,
commander defeated near Salaeca)
292
Hanno the Great 332
Hasdrubal (First Punic War, general,
son of Hanno) 85, 93-4 Hasdrubal (son-in-law of Hamilcar
Barca) 137,138, 143, 155 Hasdrubal (Second Punic War, Italy)
194
Hasdrubal (Second Punic War, at Cannae) - possibly the same as previous entry - 207, 208-9, 211-12,214
Hasdrubal (Third Punic War, commander of Carthage) 339, 346
Hasdrubal (Third Punic War, fought Masinissa, at fall of Carthage) 336-7, 341, 344-5, 346, 349, 353
Hasdrubal Barca (brother of Hannibal Barca)
elephants 34
Italy 167, 238-±3, 245-6, 249-50, 278
Metaurus 240-3 Spain 154, 248, 249-50, 251-3, 269, 271,277-8 Hasdrubal Gisgo (Second Punic War, commander in Spain and Africa)
251-2, 272, 277-8, 292-5 Heraclea Minoa 79, 110, 264, 266 Herbesus 79, 82 Herdonea 236-7, 260, 267 Hermaeum, Cape 115, 116 Hiero II, Tyrant of Syracuse 14, 67,
73-5, 81, 83, 94, 135, 260-1 Hieronymus, Tyrant of Syracuse 261 Himilco (First Punic War, commander
at Lilybaeum) 94, 117 Himilco (First Punic War, commander
in Spain) 249-50 Himilco (Second Punic War,
commander at Syracuse) 264, 265,
268
Himilco Phameas (Third Punic War)
341, 344
, 345-6 Hippagreta 346 Hippocrates 261-2, 264, 265
Ibera 250-1 Iberians 154, 246, 249 Ilergetes 154, 247-8, 249, 277, 284-5
Ilipa, Battle of (206 BC) 279-85 Illyria 139, 150, 199, 245, 254,
255-6, 257,258 Illyrian Wars 139,150, 199 Indibilis (Andobales) 247-8, 252,
276, 277, 284-5 Insubres 139-40,151, 168, 169, 188,
190, 243 Italy 167-244, 362-4
Junius Silanus, Marcus 282
Kerkouane 84 Kromayer, J. 11
Laelius, Gaius (Second Punic War) 273-4, 277-8, 288, 291, 293, 296-7, 301, 302, 304, 307
Laelius, Gaius (son of above) 351-2, 354
Laevinus, Marcus Valerius 256-8, 259,
267, 268 Latin League 36-8 Lazenby, J. 10, 89, 113 Lentulus, Cnaeus 213 Leontini 261-2 Liby-Phoenicians 29, 154 Libyans
Carthaginian armies 32, 33, 34 Carthaginian rule 29-30 Mercenary War 133-6 Second Punic War 154, 207, 208,
210-11,213-14, 232, 250,
281-3
Licinus, Lucius Porcius 239, 240-2 Liddell Hart, B. 16, 17 Ligurians 25, 242, 317 Lilybaeum 93, 94-5,110, 117-19,
123-4, 125, 173, 338 Lipara 83, 92, 105-6, 117, 126, 131 Lipari Islands 109 Livius 231-2 Livy 21-2, 24 First Macedonian War 256-7, 259 Second Macedonian War 317 Second Punic War Africa 287, 291, 292, 301, 305 after Cannae 222-3 Cannae 198, 199, 200-1, 203-4,
209, 213-14, 215 Capua 233 Casilinum 225
on Hannibal 155-6, 157, 224 Hannibal's march into Italy 158,
159-60, 166 Hasdrubal's march into Italy
239-40 Herdonea 236-7 Metaurus 240-2, 243 peace negotiations 298-9 Scipio Africanus 279, 291, 292 Sicily 265, 266, 267 Spain 145, 249, 250-1, 269, 270,
278, 279 Trasimene 188, 189, 190 Trebia 178, 179, 181 treaties 69 troops 34, 105 Locri 223, 289-90 Longus, Tiberius Sempronius 151,
152, 173, 175-80, 260 Lucanians 226
Lucullus, Lucius Licinius 334 Lusitanians 25, 154, 246, 334
Macedonia 25, 245, 253-60, 317-19,
320-1, 346, 356 Maesulii 291-2 Magna Graecia 25, 38 Magnesia, Battle of (190 BC) 319-20,
323
Mago (Second Punic War, commander at New Carthage) 273, 274, 275, 276
Mago Barca Africa 230, 246
Italy 177, 179, 180-1, 207, 210, 238-9, 243-4, 287
Spain 251-2, 271, 277-8, 280,
284-5 Mago the Bruttian 332 Maharbal 189, 190, 207, 215 Mamertines 66-9, 70, 71-2, 75 Mancinus, Lucius 346, 347-8 Manilius, Manius 338, 341, 343-6 Manlius Torquatus, Titus 260 Manlius Vulso, Cnaeus 321, 322, 323 Manlius Vulso, Lucius (First Punic War, consul at Ecnomus) 84, 111-12,
113-14
Manlius Vulso, Lucius (Second Punic War, consul in Cisalpine Gaul) 151-2, 178
Mantineia, Battle of (207 BC) 253, 259
Marcellus, Marcus Claudius (Second Punic War, consul) 13, 140, 227-9,
236, 237, 261-7, 268, 322 Marcius, Lucius 253, 269, 282 Masaesulii 291-2
Masinissa, King of the Maesulli (later of Numidia) 15, 291-2 between Second and Third wars
332, 335-7 death 345 Hannibal 157
Second Punic War 252, 281, 284, 285, 288,295-6, 300-2, 304
Syphax 293,297-8 Massilia (Marseilles) 25, 138,144,
161-2, 239 Mathos 134, 135 Matienus, Publius 289 Mazaetullus 291 Mediolanum (Milan) 140 Mercenary War (241-237 BC) 133-6,
147
Messana (Messina) 65-8, 73, 74-5, 76 Metapontum 236
Metaurus, Battle of (207 BC) 238-43 Metellus, Lucius Caecilius 93-4 Metellus, Quintus Caecilius 300 Micipsa 336
Minucius Rufus, Marcus 191-2, 194,
195-6, 200, 202, 213 Moericus 266, 267 Morrison, J. S. 100, 104, 123 Muttines 266-7, 268 Mylae, Battle of (260 BC) 107-9
Naevius, Quintus 234, 235 Naples 224, 230
naval warfare 31-2, 96-108, 123, .151,
350 Navaras 135
Nepheris 344-6, 351, 355 Nepos, Cornelius 23 Nero, Caius Claudius 234, 240-3, 269 Nero, Tiberius Claudius 300, 308 New Carthage (Cartagena) 138, 153, 247, 248, 271-7
Nico (Nikon) 231, 236 Nola 225, 228, 229, 230 Numanita 354
Numidia 32, 33, 34, 87, 134, 135,
335-7, 345 Numidians 154
Africa 293, 301-5
Italy 170-1,177, 208, 211-12, 214, 226, 229
Massilia 161-2
Sicily 266
Spain 250, 252, 281
Octavius, Cnaeus 299 Oricum 256-7 Oroscopa 336
Panormus 92, 93-4, 95,116, 117 Paullus, Lucius Aemilius (Second Punic War, consul at Cannae) 21, 145, 199-206, 208, 210, 213, 214, 343
Paullus, Lucius Aemilius (Third Macedonian War, son of consul) 21, 320,322, 323
Paullus, Marcus Aemilius 115
Pera, Marcus Junius 219-20
Pergamum 257, 258
Perseus 321, 356
Philemenus 231-2, 236
Philinus 22, 23, 69-70, 73, 79, 88, 125
Philip II, King of Macedon 54,155 Philip V, King of Macedon 245,
255-60, 317-18, 319, 320-1, 356 Philopoemen 259 Phoenicians 26, 29 Piso Caesoninus, Lucius Calpurnius
346,348 Placentia 140, 151, 169, 171, 180,
239^
Pleminius, Quintus 289-90, 323 Pliny the Elder 94, 104
Plutarch 23, 263, 333 Polybius 20-1, 22, 23
First Punic War 67-73, 76, 83, 87
Adys 85, 86
Agrigentum 79-80, 81
Hamilcar Barca 95
Hermaeum 115
naval war 96, 106-8, 110-13, 120-2
Roman navy 97, 99-100, 104
Tunis 88-90
Mercenary War 135-6
Second Punic War
Africa 292, 294, 301, 305-7
Cannae 198, 200-1, 202, 203-4,
207,211,213-14 causes of 146-7 on Hannibal 157, 181-2 Hannibal's march to Italy 155, 159,
166, 167 Metaurus 242
Scipio Africanus 271, 273-5, 279,
283, 292,294 Spain 145, 248-9, 273-5, 279, 283 Syracuse 263 Trasimene 186, 188, 189 Trebia 173, 175, 177, 178, 179,
180
Third Punic War 352, 353, 354 troops 34, 45-6, 47, 48, 49, 53, 154
Pomponius, Marcus 190 Postumius Albinus, Lucius 198, 218, 227-8
Postumius Megellus, Lucius 77, 81 Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt 72, 99
Ptolemy V, King of Egypt 317-18 Pullus, Lucius Junius 121-2 Pydna, Battle of (168 BC) 320, 343 Pyrrhus, King of Epirus 28, 38-9, 66, 67, 69-70, 319
quadriremes 99, 101, 104, 123, 154 Quinctilius Varus, Publius 243 quinqueremes 99-101, 103-4, 107, 109, 111, 123,154
Raphia, Battle of (217 BC) 34 Regulus, Caius Atilius (First Punic
War, consul at Tyndaris) 109 Regulus, Caius Atilius (consul at
Telamon 225 BC) 139 Regulus, Marcus Atilius (First Punic
War, consul at Ecnomus and Tunis)
13, 84-91, 92, 111-12, 113-14 Regulus, Marcus Atilius (Second Punic
War, consul) 196, 200 Rhegium 66-7, 68, 72, 223 Rhone, River 159-63 Rome
aftermath of Cannae 215-19 armies 44-54, 84, 177-8, 219,
226-9, 312, 315-16, 358-60,
361-2
attitude to war 92, 149, 156, 315, 365-6
Carthage as a Roman province 356, 357
Cisalpine Gaul 139, 151-2 Fall of the Republic 362-5 finances 360
First Macedonian War 253, 255-60
Hannibal 221
history 36-9
Illyrian wars 139, 150
imperialism 12-13, 70-2, 357-65
Mercenary War 135-6
naval warfare 96-8, 100-1, 103-5,
123-4, 151 political system 39-44, 321-6, 358,
361
religion 220, 228, 325-6 Sardinia 146-7, 148 Second Macedonian War 317-19 Spain 138, 143-5, 148-9, 316, 334-5
Syrian War 319-20, 321 Third Macedonian War 320 warfare 44-54, 55-62, 89, 177-8, 204-5
Romulus 36, 42
Roth, J. 77
Saguntum (Sagunto) 34, 144-5, 148,
149, 150, 247 Salapia 236, 237
Salinator, Marcus Livius 145, 199,
239, 240-2,
243 Samnites 38, 105, 224 Samnium 193, 220 Sardinia
First Punic War 87, 109, 127, 129
Mercenary War 135-6
Roman occupation 130, 146-7, 148,149
Second Punic War 260, 310 Scipio, Lucius Cornelius (brother of
Scipio Africanus) 279, 291, 319,
321, 322, 323, 324 Scipio, Publius Cornelius (Second
Punic War, consul, father of Scipio
Africanus)
Italy 168, 169-76
Massilia 161-2
Spain 151, 152, 247, 249, 250-3, 359
Scipio Aemilianus, Publius Cornelius (Scipio Africanus Minor) 13 Carthage against Masinissa 336-7 Polybius 20,21, 175 Spain 334, 341
Third Punic War 342-9, 350-5 Scipio Africanus, Publius Cornelius 13, 311
Africa 286-309, 359-60 Cannae 215
career after Second Punic War
323-4, 327-8 Locri 289-90
peace negotiations 298-300
Polybius 21
Spain 269-85
Syrian War 324
Ticinus 171 Scipio Asina, Cnaeus Cornelius (First
Punic War, consul at Lipara) 83,
105-6, 116, 131 Scipio Calvus, Cnaeus Cornelius
(Second Punic War, commander in
Spain) 140, 162, 247-9, 250-3,
359
Scipio Nasica, Publius Cornelius
(cousin of Africanus) 326, 333 Second Macedonian War (200-197 BC)
317-19, 320-1, 356 Second Punic War (218-201 BC)
141-328
Africa 359-60
consequences in Italy 362-4
Roman army 45, 51, 52
Roman finances 360
sources 17, 19, 22, 23^1 Sergius, Marcus 289 Sicca 133-4 Sicily
early conflicts 27-8
First Punic War 65-75, 76-84, 92-5, 127, 128-30
Second Punic War 150, 151, 173, 245-6, 260-8, 286-8, 310, 311
Third Punic War 338 siege warfare 77-9, 82-3, 94, 225 Sophonisba 292, 293, 297-8 Sosylus 19, 23 Spain 25
Barcids 137-8
between Second and Third 343 Carthaginian expansion 28, 143-9 Celtiberian War 334-5, 354 Hannibal's march into Italy 158-9 Phoenicians 26 Roman provinces 316 Second Punic War 150-1, 152-3, 245-53, 269-85 Sparta 257, 259
Spendius 134, 135 Sucro 284
Syphax, King of the Masaesulii 251, 285, 291-3, 294-5,297-8
Syracuse early conflicts 28
First Punic War 73-5, 76, 82,121, 129
Mamertines 67-8
Mercenary War 135
Second Punic War 245, 260-6, 268 Syracuse, Siege of (213 BC) 262-5 Syria 25
Syrian War 318, 319-20, 321, 323, 324,331
triplex acies 53-4, 57, 89, 204-5, 236 triremes 98, 99,100,103-4,109,154 Tunis 87, 296
Tunis, Battle (255 BC) 88-91 Tychaeus 300 Tyndaris 109 Tyre 26
Utica 136, 292-4, 295, 296-7, 338, 341, 348