REFERENCES
1. Scott McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance: Henry IV, Part One (1991), p. 1.
2. A reference to The Second Part of Henry the Fourth or Henry V in Nicholas Breton’s A Post with a Packet of Mad Letters (Part I, 1603).
3. James Wright, Historia Historionica (1699).
4. Colley Cibber, An Apology for the Life of Mr Colley Cibber (1740), p. 87.
5. Thomas Davies, Dramatic Miscellanies (1784, repr. 1971), pp. 124–8.
6. Davies, Dramatic Miscellanies, pp. 127–8.
7. Davies, Dramatic Miscellanies, pp. 136–41.
8. Davies, Dramatic Miscellanies, p. 153.
9. Laurence Selenick, The Changing Room: Sex, Drag and Theatre (2000), p. 270.
10. William Hazlitt, Examiner, 13 October 1816.
11. The Athenaeum, No. 902, 8 February 1845, p. 158.
12. Harold Child, “The Stage-History of King Henry IV,” in The First Part of the History of Henry IV, ed. J. Dover Wilson (1946), pp. xxix–xlvi.
13. Theatrical Journal, Vol. 7, No. 346, 1 August 1846, pp. 243–4.
14. Henry Morley, diary entry for 14 May 1864 in The Journal of a London Playgoer from 1851 to 1866 (1866), pp. 330–9.
15. Morley diary entry for 1 October 1864, pp. 344–5.
16. William Archer, The Theatrical “World” of 1896 (1897, repr. 1971), pp. 141–50.
17. The Athenaeum, No. 3577, 16 May 1896, p. 659.
18. G. B. Shaw, The Saturday Review, London, Vol. 81, No. 2116, 16 May 1896, pp. 500–2.
19. William Butler Yeats, “At Stratford-upon-Avon” (1901), in his Essays and Introductions (1961), p. 97.
20. Herbert Farjeon, “King Henry the Fourth—Part I: Mr Robey’s Falstaff,” in his The Shakespearean Scene: Dramatic Criticisms (1949), p. 92.
21. Child, “The Stage-History of King Henry IV,” pp. xxix–xlvi.
22. Stephen Potter, New Statesman and Nation, 6 October 1945, p. 227.
23. Audrey Williamson, “The New Triumvirate (1944–47),” in her Old Vic Drama: A Twelve Years’ Study of Plays and Players (1948), pp. 172–212.
24. Anthony Quayle, in a foreword to Shakespeare’s Histories at Stratford, 1951 by J. Dover Wilson and T. C. Worsley (1970).
25. T. C. Worsley, New Statesman and Nation, 3 November 1951, pp. 489–90.
26. T. C. Worsley, Shakespeare’s Histories at Stratford, 1951 (1970), p. 31.
27. Worsley, New Statesman and Nation, 3 November 1951, pp. 489–90.
28. T. C. Worsley, New Statesman and Nation, 7 May 1955, p. 646.
29. Eric Keown, Punch, 11 May 1955, pp. 593–4.
30. Michael Bogdanov and Michael Pennington, The English Shakespeare Company: The Story of the Wars of the Roses, 1986–1989 (1990), pp. 28–9, quoted in Barbara Hodgdon, Shakespeare in Performance: Henry IV, Part Two (1993), pp. 124–5.
31. Donald Malcolm, New Yorker, 30 April 1960, pp. 86–9.
32. Ben Brantley, New York Times Current Events Edition, 23 December 1993.
33. Ben Brantley, New York Times, 21 November 2003.
34. Paul Taylor, Independent, 6 May 2005.
35. Taylor, Independent, 6 May 2005.
36. Taylor, Independent, 6 May 2005.
37. McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance, p. 88.
38. McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance, p. 95.
39. McMillin, Shakespeare in Performance, p. 100.
40. David Troughton, “Bolingbroke in Richard II, and Henry IV,” in Robert Smallwood, ed., Players of Shakespeare 6 (2004).
41. Michael Billington, Country Life, 6 June 1991.
42. Janet Clare, “Henry IV Parts 1 & 2,” in Keith Parsons and Pamela Mason, eds., Shakespeare in Performance (1995), p. 72.
43. Robert Speight, Shakespeare Quarterly, 15, 4 (1964).
44. London Times, 17 April 1964.
45. David E. Jones, Drama Survey, 4, 1 (Spring 1965).
46. Ronald Bryden, New Statesman, 24 April 1964.
47. Irving Wardle, London Times, 25 June 1975.
48. John Elsom, Listener, 3 June 1975.
49. Paul Taylor, Independent, 4 June 1991.
50. Taylor, Independent, 4 June 1991.
51. Allen Tate (1899–1979, American poet and critic), “Non Omnis Moriar.”
52. John Peter, London Sunday Times, 2 June 1991.
53. Harold Hobson, London Sunday Times, 29 June 1975.
54. London Times, 17 April 1964.
55. Desmond Barrit, “Falstaff,” in Smallwood, Players of Shakespeare 6.
56. Country Life, 6 June 1991.
57. London Sunday Times, 2 June 1991.
58. Charles Spencer, Daily Telegraph, 3 June 1991.
59. Elsom, Listener, 3 June 1975.
60. Hobson, Sunday Times, 29 June 1975.
61. Wardle, London Times, 25 June 1975.
62. Hamlet, Act 1 Scene 2.
63. John Elsom, Listener, 3 July 1975.
64. Troughton, “Bolingbroke in Richard II, and Henry IV.”
65. Peter Thomson, Shakespeare Survey, 29 (1976).
66. Clare, “Henry IV Parts 1 & 2,” p. 74.
67. Taylor, Independent, 4 June 1991.
68. Emrys James, Theatre Quarterly, Vol. 7, No. 27 (Autumn 1977).
69. Peter, Sunday Times, 2 June 1991.
70. Troughton, “Bolingbroke in Richard II, and Henry IV.”
71. Benedict Nightingale, New Statesman, 6 February 1976.
72. Roger Warren, Shakespeare Quarterly, 34, 1 (Spring 1983).
73. Robert Smallwood, Critical Quarterly, 25, 1 (Spring 1983).
74. Barrit, “Falstaff.”
75. Kate Bassett, Daily Telegraph, 3 July 2000.
76. London Times, 4 July 2000.
77. Nightingale, New Statesman, 6 February 1976.
78. Elsom, Listener, 3 July 1975.
79. Clare, “Henry IV Parts 1 & 2,” p. 78.
80. Elsom, Listener, 3 July 1975.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND
PICTURE CREDITS
Preparation of “Henry IVin Performance” was assisted by a generous grant from the CAPITAL Centre (Creativity and Performance in Teaching and Learning) of the University of Warwick for research in the RSC archive at the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. The Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) funded a term’s research leave that enabled Jonathan Bate to work on “The Director’s Cut.”
Picture research by Michelle Morton. Grateful acknowledgment is made to the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust for assistance with picture research (special thanks to Helen Hargest) and reproduction fees.
Images of RSC productions are supplied by the Shakespeare Centre Library and Archive, Stratford-upon-Avon. This Library, maintained by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, holds the most important collection of Shakespeare material in the UK, including the Royal Shakespeare Company’s official archive. It is open to the public free of charge.
For more information see www.shakespeare.org.uk.
Herbert Beerbohm Tree (1896) Reproduced by permission of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust
Ralph Richardson and Laurence Olivier (1945) John Vickers courtesy of the University of Bristol Theatre Collection
Directed by John Kidd and Anthony Quayle (1951) Angus McBean © Royal Shakespeare Company
Directed by Michael Attenborough (2000) John Haynes © Royal Shakespeare Company
Directed by Terry Hands (1975) Joe Cocks Studio Collection © Shakespeare Birthplace Trust
Directed by Michael Bogdanov (1987) © Donald Cooper/photostage.co.uk
Directed by Adrian Noble (1991) Joe Cocks Studio Collection © Shakespeare Birthplace Trust
Directed by Michael Boyd (2007) Ellie Kurttz © Royal Shakespeare Company
Reconstructed Elizabethan Playhouse © Charcoalblue
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2009 Modern Library Paperback Edition
Introduction copyright © 2007, 2009 by The Royal Shakespeare Company
All rights reserved.
Published in the United States by Modern Library, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York.
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The version of Henry IV: Part II and the corresponding footnotes that appear in this volume were originally published in William Shakespeare: Complete Works, edited by Jonathan Bate and Eric Rasmussen, published in 2007 by Modern Library, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc.
eISBN: 978-1-58836-845-4
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v3.0
List of parts irregular humorists lawless/disorderly men with wayward temperaments
Induction prologue. The Second Part of Henry the Fourth is continuous with The First Part, taking place immediately after the battle of Shrewsbury
Rumour allegorical figure traditionally covered in painted tongues
* marry by (the Virgin) Mary.
* Prithee I pray thee.
* God’s liggens the precise meaning is unclear.
** By’r’lady By our lady, i.e. the Virgin Mary.
Porter gatekeeper
1 keeps guards
3 What who
4 attend wait for/wait upon
5 is has
orchard garden
6 Please it if it please
10 stratagem violent deed/scheme, plot
11 wild savage, rebellious, unruly
12 high feeding overly rich food
13 bears down tramples
15 certain definite
16 an if
will is willing, wishes it
19 your son Sir Henry Percy (Hotspur)
20 Blunts Sir Walter Blunt was killed by
Douglas in 1 Henry IV, Act 5 Scene 1; another Blunt is only mentioned in one of the play’s sources
21 Prince John Prince Henry’s younger brother
22 Westmorland Ralph Neville, a kinsman of the king’s
Stafford in 1 Henry IV, Act 5 Scene 1, the Earl of Stafford is said to have been killed in the battle
hulk big, unwieldy person (literally, large ship)
Sir John i.e. Falstaff
25 followed supported by loyal troops
27 fortunes successes
28 How…derived? What is the source of your information?
32 rendered gave, related
33 Travers his name suggests his function to contradict Lord Bardolph
35 over-rode overtook
37 haply perhaps
retail recount
39 Sir John Umfrevile either the name originally given to Lord Bardolph’s character in an earlier version of the scene, or the
gentleman who also gave Bardolph good news of the battle
41 Outrode rode faster than, left behind
42 forspent exhausted
43 breathe allow to rest and recover breath
bloodied i.e. from the constant digging of spurs
44 Chester town in the northwest of England
48 gave…head let him go freely, without restraint of the bridle
able recovered/strong/ easy to handle
49 able capable/powerful
50 jade worn-out horse
51 rowel-head spiked wheel at the end of a spur
52 devour the way eat up the road
53 Staying waiting for
59 have…day has not won the battle
60 point lace for fastening clothing, i.e. something of small value
61 barony land held by a baron
63 instances evidence
65 hilding worthless
67 at a venture without due consideration/in a speculative manner
Morton another servant of Northumberland’s; his name suggests death
68 title-leaf title page of a book describing the contents
70 strand shore, beach
flood sea
71 witnessed usurpation visible signs of its invasion (left by the retreating tide)
78 apter more likely/more suitable
79 Even just
81 Drew drew aside, opened
Priam King of
Troy, killed in the Trojan war against the Greeks
curtain i.e. of his bed
83 ere before
87 Stopping filling
88 stop…indeed prevent me from ever hearing anything again, i.e. kill me
97 is chanced has happened
98 divination prophecy, intuition
100 doing … wrong i.e. by telling me that I’m mistaken (a servant should not contradict his master)
101 gainsaid contradicted
102 spirit instinct, intelligence
105 hold’st maintain, believe
108 belie slander
111 losing office profitless task
112 sullen mournful
113 knolling ringing the funeral bell for
116 would wish
118 quittance repayment (of blows)
out-breathed breathless
120 never-daunted never overcome with fear
122 In few in short
125 best tempered of finest quality, most hardened (literally refers to the treating of a sword to give it strength and resilience)
126 mettle character, courage plays on “metal”
steeled hardened, literally overlaid with steel
127 abated blunted/diminished
130 Upon enforcement under compulsion, with force applied
131 heavy in weighed down/saddened by
132 Lend…fear i.e. despite the weight of their loss, fear made them light
135 Worcester Thomas Percy, Earl of Worcester, Northumberland’s brother
137 well-labouring hard-working
138 th’appearance…king several men, including Sir Walter Blunt and the Earl of Stafford, had been dressed like the king to act as decoys on the battlefield
139’Gan…stomach began to lessen his courage
grace…backs i.e. Douglas joined those fleeing the battle
grace dignify, sanction
143 power armed force
encounter meet in battle
144 Lancaster Prince John (so called because he was born in Lancaster)
145 at in
147 physic medicine
148 Having…well i.e. had I been healthy this bad news would have made me ill; being ill, it has gone some way toward giving me strength
152 Impatient…fit unable to endure his attack of fever
153 keeper nurse
154 Weakened “weak’ned” in Folio, perhaps playing on “weak-kneed”
155 nice effeminate, unmanly
156 scaly gauntlet armored glove covered with plates of steel, giving it the appearance of scales
157 coif nightcap
158 wanton self-indulgent, effeminate
159 fleshed made eager after having their appetites whetted (as hunting dogs are fed raw meat to excite them)
161 ragged’st roughest, harshest
166 contention strife
ling’ring act painfully protracted struggle/drawn-out part of a play
167 Cain son of Adam and Eve who in killing his brother Abel became the world’s first murderer
169 rude violent/unpolished
172 complices confederates, supporters
173 give o’er give way, give in
174 passion outburst of emotion
perforce necessarily
175 cast th’event calculated the likely outcome
176 summed added up
177 make head raise an army
presurmise suspicion beforehand
178 dole dealing out (may play on “dole,” i.e. sorrow)
drop fall, die
179 edge i.e. narrow bridge/sword-edge
181 advised aware
capable Of susceptible to
182 forward eager, adventurous, rash
183 trade of trafficking in
ranged was positioned
185 apprehended anticipated/feared
186 stiff-borne proudly, stubbornly carried
188 like likely
189 engagèd to involved in
191 if…one the odds of coming out alive were ten to one
193 respect consideration
194 o’erset overcome
195 all put forth all set out (as if going to sea)/stake everything
196’Tis…time i.e. we shouldn’t delay
198 gentle wellborn
up prepared for battle
199 well-appointed powers well-equipped forces
200 double surety i.e. as he has both spiritual and temporal authority
201 corpse bodies (not the souls)
202 But mere
205 queasiness uncertainty, reluctance
206 As…potions like men who drink medicine
210 religion i.e. a religious cause
211 Supposedknown to be
213 enlarge his rising fortify, justify his uprising
with…stones by recalling the murder of Richard II at Pomfret (Pontefract) Castle; Richard had been usurped by his cousin, Henry Bullingbrook, now Henry IV
216 bestride stand over
217 Bullingbrook i.e. Henry IV
218 more and less those of both high and low rank
222 aptest best, readiest
223 posts messengers
1 Sirrah sir (used to social inferiors)