Herkner, Anna, 202–3
Heydrich, Reinhard, 249, 252, 253
Hitler, Adolf, 252, 257, 262
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 181–82
Holocaust, 198, 199, 249–53, 263, 346–48
Anna Oliwek and, 71–72, 135, 136, 151, 249, 251, 254–64, 330, 346
Bella Kron and, 263–64, 346
Holocaust Museum, 249, 250
Holocaust of Volhynian Jews, 1941–1944, The (Spector), 250
Hovermale, Lisa, 272–74, 276
Hughes, Bridget “Biddy,” 112, 114, 116, 117
immigrant ships, 202–3
immigration, 197, 199, 200–201
insanity:
laws on, 98–100
see also
mental illness insulin shock therapy, 111, 231–33
Iron Mountain, 115
Irwin, Andrea, 82
Jane Eyre (Brontë), 272
Jewish cemeteries, 356
Jews:
emigration to U.S., 197, 199
in New York, 196
in Russia, 71, 197, 199, 200
see also Holocaust
Johns Hopkins University Library, 271
Johnson, Ernie, 355
Johnson, Jo, 64, 81, 82, 239–40, 355
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 117
Kaess, Fred W., 315
Kaimowitz, Gabe, 313–16
Keenan, Stanislas, 119–20, 122
Kelley, Frank E., 239
Kelly, Harry, 237–38
Kidner, Frederick, 208, 215–17
Kirkbride, Thomas, 114, 116
Klein, Elaine, 13, 14, 83–84
Korson, Ludmila, 347
Kron, Bella, 263–64, 346
Lapeer State Home, 53, 101, 273–75
Leach, David, 96–97
Leland School for Crippled Children, 50
Levin, Molly, 171, 177
lobotomy, 232, 234
London Chronicle, 199
Lower, Wendy, 249
Luxenberg, Beth Cohen, 29–40, 64–65, 283–86
abortion of, 38–39
Anna Oliwek’s relationship with, 40, 70, 72, 80, 128, 130–31, 133–35, 145–47, 151–52, 245–46, 264, 336, 338
Annie’s burial and, 82–84, 310, 356
Annie’s existence mentioned by, 1, 2, 4–5, 267, 269, 340
Annie’s relationship with, 46–47, 180, 350
birth certificate of, 32
bookkeeping job of, 3, 8, 84–85, 286, 319
breakdown of, 187–88, 276–77, 303
as bridesmaid, 318, 324, 327, 328, 339
bridge games of, 319–20, 330, 345
broken pelvis of, 8, 37–38, 102, 335
college hopes of, 37, 148, 152, 189–90, 286
death of, 8, 11, 32, 35, 38, 85
depression and anxiety of, 3, 5, 102, 103, 156
Detroit riots and, 75–76
driving enjoyed by, 3–4, 8
Esther and, 68, 173
existence of sister revealed by, 1, 2, 4–5
final wish of, 34, 89, 350
funeral of, 36–40, 129
health problems of, 2, 3, 5, 36, 38, 85, 102
Jack’s citizenship and, 289
Jack’s correspondence with, 30, 68, 160–73, 271, 293–96, 300, 301–3, 305, 307, 309, 320, 337, 338
Jack’s death and, 4, 159–60
Jack’s marriage to, 2, 37, 64, 150, 158, 161–65, 284, 329, 336, 338, 339
Joe (boyfriend) and, 2, 325, 328–29
Martin Moss and, 211
Medji Grobeson and, 60, 62, 63
memorabilia of, 29–33, 43, 69, 149–50, 338
mental health of, 2, 3, 5, 102, 103, 156, 186, 187–88, 268, 269, 270, 276–77, 303
Millie Brodie and, 179, 180, 186–88
name changed by, 32, 178, 179, 272
Nathan Shlien and, 148, 152, 189
obituary for, 35, 36, 345
as only child, 1, 2, 4, 35, 88, 345
paintings by, 33–34
photographs of, 10, 28, 30–33, 58, 74, 150, 158, 176, 266, 318, 324, 325, 327, 328
psychiatric hospitalization of, 5–8, 20, 102, 103, 132, 145, 156, 164, 268–71, 277
reading loved by, 271
religious observance and, 148, 178–79
Rose Luxenberg Boskin and, 292
Shirley Luxenberg and, 292
shoe store job of, 2, 170, 296
smoking of, 3, 38
Steve as personal representative of, 104, 105, 154, 155, 277
Upwords played by, 335
wedding anniversaries of, 159–61
Luxenberg, Bill, 39, 152, 290, 307, 335–36, 339
Annie Cohen and, 331, 336, 338
Luxenberg, Esther, 60, 68, 165, 173
Luxenberg, Harry, 291
Luxenberg, Ida, 282, 288, 291, 308–9
Luxenberg, Jeffery, 2, 10, 11–13, 21, 36, 75, 104–5, 153, 340
bar mitzvah of, 178–79
Luxenberg, Jill, 17, 36, 88–89
Luxenberg, Josh, 17, 335
Luxenberg, Julius “Jack,” 30, 64–65, 283–97, 301–9
Annie’s existence and, 19, 131, 150, 165, 173, 289–92, 308, 323–24, 329, 331, 336, 338–40
Beth’s breakdown and, 188, 303
Beth’s correspondence with, 30, 68, 160–73, 271, 293–96, 300, 301–3, 305, 307, 309, 320, 337, 338
Beth’s marriage to, 2, 37, 64, 150, 158, 161–65, 284, 329, 336, 338, 339
cars of, 285, 287
citizenship of, 286–89, 308
death of, 4, 38, 159–60
divorce from Esther, 67–68, 162–63
entry into U.S., 288, 291, 308–9
evacuation and hospitalization of, 296–97, 293–97, 301, 304–5, 307–9
heart attacks of, 286, 287
medical discharge of, 295–97, 301–2, 304–7, 309, 337, 338
military service of, 30, 67, 68, 160, 163–73, 287–88, 291, 293–97, 301–7, 309
photographs of, 58, 158, 282
as salesman, 66, 75–76, 163, 283–86, 303
wedding anniversaries of, 159–61
Luxenberg, Lil, 152, 335–36
Luxenberg, Manny, 289–93, 296, 307–10, 331, 335–38
Luxenberg, Mary Jo, 1–2, 283, 284, 331, 346, 347, 348, 358
Luxenberg, Michael, 2, 8, 12, 21–22, 36, 39, 60, 104–5, 130, 153, 178, 303
birth of, 295, 296, 209
Jack’s citizenship and, 288–89
Luxenberg, Sharon, 289–91
Luxenberg, Shirley, 289–92, 296, 308, 328
Luxenberg, Steve: asthma attacks of, 137, 143–44
baseball and, 29, 65–66, 320
basketball played by, 13, 143–44, 320
bridge learned by, 319–20
at college, 204, 286
family tree drawn up by, 127–28
Hebrew school and, 178–79
ledger kept by, 66
name of, 33
operation of, 43
painting by, 34
reading of, 272
third-grade teacher of, 59
weekly visits to doctor’s office and grandparents’ house, 13, 136–37, 201
Luxenberg, Toni, 21–22
McAvinchey, Frank L., 237
MacDonald, Martine, 82, 353–56
McLean, John, 109
marriage boom, 328
Marshick, John, 94–95
Memmingen, 262
mental hospitals, 23–24, 234–8, 243, 271, 310–12, 315, 356
asylums, 113–14, 116, 117–20, 123
lawsuits against, 313–15
mental illness, 23–24, 98–100, 122–23, 150, 271, 311
articles written about, 271
community-based programs for, 243, 244
institutionalization for, 99, 276, 313–16
intellectual disability and, 272–74
laws concerning, 98–100, 313–16
medications for, 23, 232, 242, 311, 314, 316
military and, 304–7
psychiatry and, 118–19, 231, 271
schizophrenia, 53, 98, 101, 119, 222, 231, 242–44, 271, 273
shock therapy for, 111, 231–34, 274, 314
Michigan Department of Community Health, 15–16, 213–14, 220
Michigan Psychiatric Society, 314
Michigan Society for Mental Hygiene, 243
Michigan Supreme Court, 99, 315
military, psychiatric patients and, 304–7
Miller, Evie Luxenberg, 2, 21, 39, 60, 67, 160, 163, 165, 167, 173, 303
Missavage, Edward, 78–79, 103–4, 110, 124, 222, 230–34, 241, 242, 275, 310
Mitchell, S. Weir, 117–18
Moniz, António Egas, 232
Monument Sales Corporation, 84–85
Moreno, Barry, 197–99
Moss, Martin, 186, 211–12, 231, 321, 329, 339
Mulherin, Jim, 47, 153–54
Mundy, Mary, 240
narcosynthesis, 304–5
National Archives, 188
neurologists, 117
New Deal, 31, 236
New York, N.Y., 196, 328
New York State Lunatic Asylum at Utica, 114
New York State Psychiatric Institute and Hospital, 231, 270
Northern High School, 32, 77, 321
Northville State Hospital, 214, 221, 242
Annie Cohen at, 13–18, 24, 46–47, 53, 312
Novomoskovsk, 258–62
Oakman School for Crippled Children, 50, 210, 212–13, 274
O’Brien, Patrick K., 94, 96, 97, 98, 109, 112, 221–22
Oliwek, Anna Schlajn, 40, 70–72, 79–80, 128–39, 144–52, 189, 194, 245–46, 248, 336, 339, 344, 348–49
Beth Luxenberg’s relationship with, 40, 70, 72, 80, 138, 130–31, 133–35, 145–47, 151–52, 245–46, 264, 336, 338
first husband of, 330–31, 349
Holocaust and, 71–72, 135, 136, 151, 249, 251, 254–64, 330, 346
identification card of, 126
on trips to Eloise with Tillie Cohen, 131–35, 144, 146–47, 151–52, 245, 270
Oliwek, Bella, 129, 144, 146–49
on trips to Eloise, 144, 146
Oliwek, David, 40, 70–72, 79, 80, 128–29, 135, 136, 139, 144–46, 148, 149, 153, 194, 223, 330–31, 349
Oliwek, Dori, 144–46, 148
Oliwek, Steve, 336
One Hundred Years of American Psychiatry, 123
Outlines for Psychiatric Examinations, 231
Patricia, S.S., 192, 194, 195, 201–2, 203
Peirce, Howard W., 94–98, 225, 234, 274
Pernick, Martin, 184–85
Petoskey Hall nursing home, 312
Annie Cohen at, 18, 47, 153, 312
Pierce, Connie, 172, 177–78
Pierce, Milton, 318, 324
Pierce, Sylvia Robinson, 78, 171–71, 177, 178, 179, 186, 211–12, 295, 321, 327, 344
Pistorius, Oscar, 218
Plizga, Adam, 325–28
pogroms, 199–200, 264
Poland, 71, 249, 250, 252–53
poorhouses, 112, 113, 114, 116, 119
Powell, Jean, 46, 49, 51, 52
“Present State of Emergency in Michigan in the State Care of the Insane,” 235
prosthetic limbs, 217–19
psychiatry, 118–19, 231, 271
Pylypchuk, Vira Mykhaylivna, 347
Radziwillow, 71, 80, 128, 135, 136, 195, 197–200, 246, 249–51, 254–56, 260, 262–64, 331, 346–49
gravesite near, 334, 346–47, 354
Receiving Hospital, 96, 109, 237, 239, 242
Reichenau, Walter von, 253
Reisner, Ellen, 279, 321–25
Reisner, Julie Norton, 171, 177–78, 211–12, 275–76, 279, 296, 318, 320–25, 327, 329, 339, 344
Reisner, Neil, 279, 320–23
Reisner, Sam, 275–76, 321, 323
“Resurrected Voices,” 82, 353–56
Robinson, Jacob, 78, 179, 186, 326, 327
Robinson, Kate, 179, 326, 327
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 31, 236
Roosevelt, Theodore, 200
Rosenberg, Marsha Luxenberg “Sashie,” 2–3, 21, 39–40, 59–60, 64, 130, 148, 152, 155, 163, 165, 171, 173, 176, 303
Annie’s existence remembered by, 67
Annie’s existence revealed to, 1, 2, 4–5, 11–12
Beth’s breakdown and, 188
Beth’s hospitalization and, 5–8, 145, 268, 269
nickname of, 2, 33
two mothers of, 60, 68, 152
Rundstedt, Gerd von, 253
Russia, 71, 197–200, 291
pogroms in, 199–200
Sakel, Manfred, 233
Sault Ste. Marie hospital (the “Soo”), 63, 238–42, 307–10
schizophrenia, 53, 98, 101, 119, 222, 231, 242–44, 271, 273
shock therapy for, 111, 231–34
Schlajn, Esther, 254
Schlajn, Mendel, 254
secrets, family, 47–48, 277–79
Sedler, Rozanne, 4–5, 35, 66–67, 154, 155, 269
Shlien, Nathan, 55, 56, 72, 129, 148–50, 151, 152, 188–90, 207, 344
Shoah Foundation, 263
shock therapy, 274, 314
electric, 231, 233–34
insulin, 111, 231–33
Soliman, Jamie, 105–6
Soviet Union, 249–53, 262, 264, 346, 348
Spector, Shmuel, 250
Stalin, Joseph, 251
sterilization, 181–82, 275
Striffler, Fred C., 237–38
Swanson, Dan, 203–4
Time, 233
Tomlian, Dave, 87–88
Ukraine, 71, 135, 249–53, 257, 259, 262, 264
Valenstein, Elliot, 232
Veterans Administration, 337
Volhynia, 249–52, 254, 348
see also Radziwillow
Wagg, Charles, 239, 240
Wannsee Conference, 253
Waryas, Irene, 242–43
Washington Post, 14, 155
Waterman, Patricia, 115–16, 214
Wayne County Poor House, 112, 118
Wayne County Probate Court, 93–94, 98, 105–6
Wehrmacht, 72, 151, 254
West, Sara, 220–21
Western Michigan Asylum for the Insane, 114
Westland Historical Commission, 64
White, William Alanson, 232–33
Willard Asylum for the Insane, 114
World War II, 169–70
marriage boom and, 328
see also Holocaust
Yudashkin, Gordon, 311
Zimmerman, Betty, 229
Copyright
ANNIE’S GHOSTS. Copyright © 2009 Steve Luxenberg. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, down-loaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of Hyperion e-books.
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