Hanzhong, China, 110
Hardy, G. H., 68
Hardy, William Bate, 19, 26, 169, 221
harness, Chinese breast-strap, 184
Harrisson, Tom, 32
Hay, John, 8
Hedin, Sven, 73
Herbert, A. P., 32
Hexi corridor, 126
Hill, A. V., criticism of Joseph Needham due to his biological warfare report, 210
Hills of the Singing Sands, 129
Hinshelwood, Cyril, 224
HMS Amethyst incident, 142n.29
Hogg, George, 73n.15
on Rewi Alley, 117
trek with displaced Chinese children, 118n.24, 127n.27
Holorenshaw, Henry (Joseph Needham pseudonym), 49n.11, 50
Holst, Gustav, 29
homosexual civil rights, Joseph
Needham’s support for, 227, 233
Hong Kong, 143, 149
hookah, Joseph Needham’s, 232n.52
Hoover, Herbert, 170
Hopkins, Frederick Gowland (“Hoppy”), 20, 21, 35, 36, 37
Hopkins, Barbara, 20
horticulture, Chinese, 65–66
Hua, Dr., 67, 68
Huainanzi encyclopedia, 185
Huang, Lettice, 81
Huang Hsing-tsung “H.T.,” 82–88
excerpts from writings by, 84, 85
on northwestern China expedition with Joseph Needham, 103, 110, 125, 140, 141–42
on southeastern China expedition with Joseph Needham, 144, 145, 147, 150, 151–55
on Sichuan River trip, 85–93
Huangpu River, 46
Hummel, Arthur, 224
Huxley, Julian, 32, 58, 179
formation of UNESCO and role of, 162, 164, 166
hydraulics, Chinese, 105–9
Ignatiev, Semen, 212–13
Important Matters of the Jade Chamber, 192
Indusco, 113–14
industry in World War II-era China, 112–14
Inn of the Sixth Happiness, The (Aylward), 118n.24
Institute of History, Lizhuang, China, 91
Intelligence Research Department, British Foreign Office, 209–10
International Folk Dance Congress (1934), 31
International Physiological Conference (1954), 218
International Red Cross, 204
International Science Commission, 204, 211, 221
inventions, Chinese. See also Appendix I
abacus, 68, 70
botany and horticultural, 61, 65–66, 155–56
bridges, 11, 121–22, 185–86
calipers, 187
ceramics, 120
chain drive, 185
chess (game), Chinese xiangqi, 187
compass, Chinese magnetic, 97, 183–84, 186
fishing reel, Chinese, 186
gimbals, 186–87
gunpowder, Chinese, 92
harness, breast-strap, 184
iron, cast and wrought, 184–185
kite, 187
mathematics, 67–70
plow and moldboard, 184
printed books, 101–2, 131,
138–39, 177
puddling technique, iron, 195
pump, square-pallet chain, 185
rain gauge, 181
rate of, 188
rudder, sternpost, 186
spinning wheel, 187
star charts, 138, 263
stirrup, 187–88
surveyors’ marks, 188–89
toilet paper, perfumed, 187
type, movable, 177
umbrella, 187
iron, Chinese cast and wrought, 184–85
irrigation projects, 106–9
Isherwood, Christopher, 112
Islam in China, 119
Japan, 47–48, 53
attacks on Chongqing by, 4–5, 76–77
Battle of the Tennis Court against Britain, 155n.31
biological experiments conducted on Chinese prisoners by, 202, 215
invasion and occupation of China by, iv, 7, 46–48, 51, 63, 77–79, 112, 143, 155
Joseph Needham’s expedition to Fuzhou and danger of approaching troops, 143–46, 149, 151–55
Jialing House, 158
Jialing River, 75
Jiang Jie, 89–90
Jiangxi, China, 158
Jiao Yu (scholar), 199
Jiayuguan, China, 126, 127, 128
Jinghua University Radio Research Institute, 98
Jiuquan space center, China, 264–65
Johnson, Lyndon, 231
Johnston, Reginald, tutor of last Chinese emperor Pu Yi, 250
Jordan-Lloyd, Dorothy, 20
Kaczynski, Ted (“Unabomber”) hears Joseph Needham’s lecture (1978), 238–39
Kelly, William, 185
Kennedy, Robert “Bobby,” 216, 231
Khrushchev, Nikita, 213, 214
Kim Il Sung, 213
King, Gordon, 83
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 231
kite, Chinese, 187
Knatchbull-Hugessen, Hughe Montgomery, 48
Korean War, accusations against U.S. of biological warfare during, 199–212
final report (1952) on, 207–8
Joseph Needham joins team to investigate, 203–8
Joseph Needham’s hostile reception from press and U.S. authorities, 208–12
Joseph Needham’s reputation damaged for investigating, 214–16, 220
role of Soviets in, 204, 212–14
Koo, Wellington, 58
Kühnert, Franz, on Chinese astrology, 263
Kunming, Yunnan Province, J. Needham’s visit to, 61–71
Labour Party, British, 31
Lam, Mary, 244
Lansbury, George, 32
Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China, 121, 122–25, 140, 141, 158
Lascelles, Alan, 197
Laski, Harold, 32 Last Emperor, The (film), 250n.54
Lattimore, Owen, 140
Lawrence of Arabia (T. E. Lawrence), 114
Ledo Road, 79
Left Book Club, 49
Lendrum-Vesey, W. T., 18
Leonardo da Vinci, 218
Levellers political movement, 49n.11
Liao Hongying, 103, 105, 125
marriage to Derek Bryan, and advocacy work for China, 142–43, 226
Liberation Monument, Chongqing, 254
Li Bing, 106, 108, 109
Lieber, Alfred, 196
Li Jun (engineer), 186
Lin Sen, 106
Lin Yutang, 46
Li Xinheng, 122
Li Yue-se (Joseph Needham’s Chinese name), 40, 41, 123n.26, 236
Lizhuang, China, 91
Long March, 98
Lop Desert, 129
Loushan, China, 85, 90
Low, David, 32
Luce, Henry, 47
Luding Bridge, Dadu River, Sichuan Province, 186
Lu Gwei-djen (scientist, second wife of Joseph Needham), 34–38, 116, 164, 177
“concert of the concubinage” with Dorothy Needham, 239
contribution to Science and Civilisation in China, 193, 195
correspondence with Joseph Needham, 9, 64, 139, 158, 219–20
declining health and death of (1991), 245–47
estate disposition after death of, 248–49
family and education of, 34–36
first meeting and mutual attraction with Joseph Needham, 6, 37–38
marriage to Joseph Needham (1989), 246–47
personal library, 242–44
photos of, 35, 246
relationship with Joseph Needham, 6, 37–38, 49–59, 55–56, 157–62, 228, 239
visit to Chongqing (1982), 257
work and career, 50, 218, 221
Luo family, Chengdu, 84
Luoyang, China, 131
Luo Zhongshu, 50–51
Lu Shih-kuo (father of Lu Gwei-djen), 2
47–48
Macartney, Lord, British emissary to China (1792), 182, 258, 259
McCarthy, Joe, U.S. senator, 210, 211
MacDonald, Ramsay, 170
Machina Carnis (D. Needham), 24n.3, 245
McLaurin, Campbell, 33
MacLehose, Murray, 149–51
Ma Jun (Chinese engineer), 187
Malenkov, Georgy, 213 Manchester Guardian, 224
Mao Zedong (Chinese Communist leader), 22n.2, 40, 57, 58, 78, 94, 96, 142, 163, 176n.35
establishment of People’s Republic and, 222–23, 226
interaction with Joseph Needham about car and bicycle transportation in China, 236–37
Patriotic Hygiene Campaign and, 201–2, 203
photo with Zhou Enlai and Joseph Needham, 209
policies of, 226–27, 234–37
Martin, Kingsley, 32
Mass Observation, 32
mathematics, Chinese, 67–70
Mead, Margaret, 64
migrant workers, 255
Milne, A. A., 32
Ming dynasty, 126, 127, 176n.36, 188
Ministry of Culture, China, 175
Min River
in Fujian Province, 148–49
Qing-era irrigation project on, 106–9
in Sichuan Province, 85, 88–89, 90
Mogao cliffs and caves, 101, 130, 131, 132, 134
Moonella Group, 22
morris dancing, Joseph Needham’s interest in, 30–31, 116
Moyle, Dorothy Mary. See Needham, Dorothy Moyle “Dophi”
Murray, James, 230
Muslims in China, 119
Nanjing, China, 47, 51
Nankai University, 51
Nan Shan (Richthofen Range), 126
National Council for Civil Liberties, 31, 32
Nationalist government, China, 78–79, 96, 176n.35. See also Chiang Kai-shek (Nationalist Chinese leader)
in Taiwan, 225
Nature, 235
Needham, Alicia Adelaide Montgomery (mother of Joseph Needham), 12
Needham, Arthur (uncle of Joseph Needham), 21
Needham, Dorothy Moyle “Dophi” “Li Dafei”(scientist, first wife of Joseph Needham), 23–27, 124
academic achievements of, 29n.4
acceptance of Lu Gwei-djen by, 6, 38, 43, 49, 159, 177, 239
book Machina Carnis, 24n.3, 245
“concert of the concubinage” with Lu Gwei-djen, 239
death of (1987), 244–45
family and education of, 23–24
marriage to Joseph Needham (1924), 23–28
photo, 27
trip to France with Joseph Needham (1954), 218–20
visits to China made by, 14, 157, 162
work and career of, 24
Needham, Joseph (father of Joseph Needham), 12, 14
Needham, Noël Joseph Terrence Montgomery “Joseph”
awards and honors for, 28–29, 197, 238–40, 250, 251
as advocate for China, 48–49, 50, 94–96, 225–28, 234–37
begins study of Chinese language and culture, 38–45
begins to question Mao’s policies in China, 234–37
books and scholarly work by, 9, 28, 50 180, 211n.45 [see also Science and Civilisation in China (SCC)]
at Cambridge University, diminished status of (1950s), 220–24
at Cambridge University, restored status of (1960s and after), 228–32
at Cambridge University as professor, 26–28, 166–73
at Cambridge University as student, 4, 17–26
car ownership, 31, 236n.53
childhood, 11–16
Chinese names of, 40, 41, 123n.26, 236
clothing of, 68, 69
correspondence with Lu Gwei-djen, 9, 64, 139, 158, 219–20
damage to reputation of, over biological warfare report, 214–16
Needham, Noël Joseph Terence Montgomery “Joseph”
declining health and death of, 240–42, 249–52
diplomatic mission to China [see Needham, Joseph, his British diplomatic mission to China (1942–1946)]
dreams of, 123–24
early education, 16
eccentricities of, 147–48
elected president of Caius College fellows (1959), 229–31
excerpts from letters and diary by, 65, 75, 80, 82, 86, 87–88, 91–92, 98–99, 106–7, 110, 111, 119, 146, 152, 153, 154, 183, 233
fascination with China, 6, 7, 45, 158, 225
hookah owned by, 232n.52
interest in morris dancing, 30–31, 116–17
interest in nudism, 22–23
interest in trains and boats, 16–17, 149
letters and papers related to biological warfare investigations, 205n.44
loneliness after death of Lu Gwei-djen, 249–50
marriage to Lu Gwei-djen, 246–47
marriage to Dorothy Moyle, 23–26, 27
motor vehicles belonging to, 21–22, 31, 236n.53
oil portrait of, 241
others’ opinions of, 32–33
parents, 11–12
personal book and manuscript collection on Chinese culture and science, 151, 174–77, 194–95, 242–44, 248–49
photos of, 13, 43, 69, 179, 209, 235
L. Picken complaint about relationship between Lu Gwei-djen and, 159–62
poetry of, 19–20
relationship with Lu Gwei-djen, 37–38, 55–56, 157–62
relationship with women, 23, 25–26, 81–82, 86, 145, 239
religious views of, 13, 18–19, 23, 29–30, 233–34
retirement of, 240
return trips to China (1964, 1972), 234–37
role in investigation of U.S. biological warfare in Korean War, 203–12
socialist views and political activism of, 14, 16–17, 29, 31–33, 34, 48–49, 94–95, 223, 225–28, 231–32
tenure with UNESCO, 162–166, 221
traditionalism of, 232–33
transliteration method due to typewriter belonging to, 178–79
trip to France with Dorothy Needham (1954), 218–20
unflagging support for communist People’s Republic of China from, 225–28
visit to Chongqing (1982), 257
Needham, Joseph, his British diplomatic mission to China (1942–1946), 3, 6, 7, 50–60, 61–132
arrival in Chongqing (1943), 1–6, 9–10, 71–77
British government’s decision in support of, 53–54
collaboration with Huang Hsing-tsun “H.T.,” 82–85 (see also Huang Hsing-tsun “H.T.”)
diplomatic mission tasks of, 54, 77–80, 85–96, 98–99
expedition to China’s northwest, 100–43
expedition to China’s southeast, 143–55
expedition to China’s southwest, 155–57
preparations for first trip to China, 54–60
purposes of expeditions, 97–132
Sino-British Scientific Cooperation Office created for, 54, 74, 79 [see also Sino-British Scientific Cooperation Office (SBSCO)]
visit to Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 81–92
visit to Kunming, Yunnan Province, 61–71
Needham Question regarding Chinese science and technology, 37–38, 57, 157, 190, 222, 259–62
Needham Research Institute, opening of (1987), 244
Neijiang, China, 106
New Left Review Club, 227
New Life Movement, 128
New Scientist, 224
New York Times, 210, 224
Nixon, Richard, decision to ban use of biological weapons, 203n.43
Noel, Conrad Le Despenser Roden, 29–30, 233
Northern Zhou dynasty, 136
North Korea, accusations of U.S. use of biological warfare made by, 199–212
Northwestern University, Illinois, Joseph Needham lectures at (1978), 238
nudism, Joseph Needham’s interest in, 22–23
Observer, The, 224
Ode to the Chemical Laboratories of Cambridge (Joseph Needham), 19, 20
&nb
sp; Ogden, Alwyn, 64, 154
Olympic Games (1936), 31, 33
oracle bones, Shang dynasty, 91–92
Oratory of the Good Shepherd, 23
Order of the Brilliant Star with Cravat awarded to Joseph Needham, 197–98, 239, 247
O’Toole, Peter, 250n.54
Oundle boarding school, 16, 20
Oxford English Dictionary, 230
Pascal, Blaise, 70
Patey, Antoinette, 20
Patriotic Hygiene Campaign, China, 201–2
Pauling, Linus, Joseph Needham’s support for, 227
Payne, Robert, 76–77, 103
Peking (Beijing), 128, 225
Peiping Academy, 98
People’s Liberation Army (PLA), 264