Menander, 168–169
Middle East, 111, 168
Middlemarch (Eliot), 24, 36, 38
Milan, 12–13, 38, 98
militarism, xi
Miłosz, Czesław, 44
Milton, John, 41
modern: age, 7, 144; condition, 9, 11, 15, 23, 24, 26, 27, 39, 48–49, 51, 75, 134; era, role of the writer in, xiii, 57, 84; fiction, 9, 20; intellectuals, xii; life, xiv; science, 121; thought, xx, 144
modernity, xiii, xix–xx
Monaldo, Count, 94–95
Montale, Eugenio, xiv, 3, 11, 12–15, 18, 21, 23–24, 27–30, 43, 45–46, 51, 167
Montparnasse, 60
moral: courage, 110, 119; example, 109, 124; force, 131, 177; leadership, 67, 132; outrage, 133, 138; pedestal, 123; principles, 130; tenor of Hazzard’s work, x, xi, xvi, xviii, xx
morality, 145; in literature, 10–11, 19, 66
Morris, Ivan, xviii
“Mozart 1935” (Stevens), 47
Muir, Edwin, 25
multinational: commerce, 121–122; corporations, xviii, 111, 123
Murasaki, Lady, 46
Muriel Spark: The Biography (Stannard), 187n2
Mussolini, Benito, 46, 64, 143
Nabokov, Vladimir, 55
“Naming of Parts, The” (Reed), 16
Naobumi, Ochi-Ai, 44
Naples, ix, xv, xxi, 12, 23, 42, 63–66, 99–100, 167–174, 185; National Archaeological Museum, 170; National Library, 171
Napoleon. See Bonaparte, Napoleon
National Book Award (US), xxi, 183–184
nationalism, xviii, 111, 118, 121,
nature, 18, 23, 25, 29, 42, 59, 64, 67, 97, 99
Naville & Co., 112, 114
Nazi youth movement, 129, 188n12
Nazism, xvii, 117, 129
neoclassical: epoch, 21; impact of Vesuvian discoveries, 170
New Republic, xii
New York Intellectuals, ix–xii
New York Society Library, xxi, 185–186
New York Times, xiii, xvii, 79, 115, 120, 138, 140
New Yorker, ix, xv, xvi, 44, 102–103
nihilism, 50
nineteenth century, 7, 21, 24, 25, 37, 42, 77, 78, 93, 169
nineteenth-century novel, 20
Nineveh, 49
“No, Plato, No” (Auden), 16
Nobel Prize, 13, 29, 45, 67–73, 113; acceptance speech of Montale, 29; acceptance speech of Solzhenitsyn, xvii, 113; and Patrick White, xv, 67–73; and Saul Bellow, 45
nobility, 20, 26
nonfiction, Hazzard’s, x, xii
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), xviii, 189n15
Norway’s wartime exiled government, 129
novel, novels, xi, 8, 24–25, 36, 165, 183; by Hazzard, xi, xx; by Maxwell, 105; by Proust, 77, 79, 81; by Pym, 74–75; by Rhys, 59–62; by Ritchie, 123; by Serao, 63–66; by Spark, 56, 58; by Tolstoy, 104; by White, 67–73, 177; by Zélide, 87
novelist, task of the, 4, 6, 9, 35, 102
“Novelist, The” (Auden), 4
Noyes, Emily. See Maxwell, Emily
nuclear arms: obliteration through, threat of, 48; terror through, 118, 189n17; testing at Bikini Atoll, 142; weaponry, xix
oblivion, 3, 42, 43, 49–50
“Obscurity of the Poet, The” (Jarrell), 48
“Ode to the West Wind” (Shelley), 180
Origo, Iris, xv, xvi, 92–100
Ortega y Gasset, José, 10
Orwell, George, 6, 27, 113, 190n12
Our Man in Havana (Greene), 25
outcast, the, 25, 90
paganism, 20, 32; pagan gods, 20; pagan texts, 19
Pahlavi royal family of Iran, 128, 136, 138; Princess Ashraf, 128, 136, 140
Paideia (Jaeger), 18, 28
Painter, George, 77
Palais des Nations, Geneva: bookshops at, 112
Palazzo Leopardi, 92–93
Palinurus (Cyril Connolly), 56
Pane, Roberto, 170
papyri, 168–169
papyrology, 167–174
Parade’s End (Ford), 40
paradise, 19
Paris (city), xv, 60, 79, 88, 112
Paris (hero), 19, 22
Parra, Nicanor, 49
Partisan Review, x, xii
Pater, Walter, 32, 193n57
Paulinus, 19
Payot bookshop, Geneva, 112–113
Peacemakers, The (Ritchie), 123
Pearl River, 161, 164
PEN International, xvii, 114–115
Pentagon, salaries at, 120
People in Glass Houses (Hazzard), xi
Le Père Goriot (Balzac), 38
Peterson, Rudolph, 123
Petrarch, 20, 29, 45, 170
Philip II of Macedon, 118
philosophers, 31, 94
philosophy, 30, 104, 171, 187n2
Pilgrim’s Progress, The (Bunyan), 20, 134
plague, 99
Plato, 16, 30, 168
pleasure: art and, 44, 48–49, 67, 79, 184; private pleasure, 19; reconciled with virtue, 20; as response to literature, xiv, 3, 104, 184; as response to the world, xxi
Pléiade edition, of Proust, 76–77
Pliable (Pilgrim’s Progress character), 134
Pliny, 170
Plutarch, 22
poet: and armory, 16; as commemorator of great deeds, 3, 43; decline of status of, 29; and freedom, 25; and the hero, 25; and memory, 44; and posterity, 45; in the postwar (WWII) world, 27; public role of, xiii, 25, 26; as recognized requirement of society, 13–14; role of, 14, 18, 21; task of, 4, 35, 48; and the trenches (WWI), 25
poetic labor, x
poetic language, xiii, 63–64
poetic posterity, xiv
poetry: Auden on, 31; as compression of thought, 5, 34; as contrary to conformity, 11; and the human condition, 29; and illusion, 23; nature of, 30; as not useful to life, 18; read aloud, 8, 51; and truth, 30
Poliziano (Angelo Ambrogini), 99
Pompeii, 42, 64, 169, 170, 172
Pooter, Charles, 25
Pope, Alexander, 20, 21, 35, 41
Pope Paul III with His Nephews (Titian), 69
Portrait of Zélide, The (Scott), 85–91
posterity, xiii, xiv, 40–51, 89, 144
postwar world, x, xvi, xviii, xix, 27, 65, 81, 152
Prendergast, Terence, 81
Price, Byron, 122, 130
Princeton University, xiii, 39
private: activity, writing as, 45; agencies, xviii, 131, 133, 138–139; bond between reader and writer, 7, 25; domain (of the writer), xi, 13, 15; grievances of citizens, 132; income (Steegmuller’s), xi; response to art, xiv, 6–8, 38; responsibilities of citizens, 6
proletariat, 26, 27
Proust, Marcel, 28, 36, 43, 48, 50, 76–84, 172
Prufrock, J. Alfred, 25
public: acclaim for the poet, 50; action, 15, 21, 47, 50; attention on the UN, 139, 189n13; debates, xi, xix; deed, 15; destiny of the poet, 13; engagement and the UN, 110; events, 18, 27; figure, Hazzard as, xvii; hopes for the UN, 120–121; imagination, 169; institutions, 118; intellectual, Hazzard as, ix; involvement and the UN, 118–119; knowledge of Waldheim’s past, xvii; money, 110, 120; opinion and the UN, 118; perspectives, xx; political life, xi; pressure on the UN, 111, 116; realm, xiv, 14, 15; responsibilities of citizens, xvii; role of literature, xix; role of writer, xiii, 15, 47; themes, Hazzard on, xvi, 109–145; will and the UN, xviii
Public Image, The (Spark), 55–58
Puritanism, 21
Pym, Barbara, xv, 74–75
Quartet (Rhys), 59–62
Quartet in Autumn (Pym), 74–75
RAF base (in Hong Kong), 156
Ranieri, Antonio, 99
Ratner, Robert, 188n12
reader, the: emotion of, 11; Guizot as, 78; Hazzard as, xiii, xv; relationship with writer, 7, 9, 11, 183–184
readers: and critics, 7, 38; of Proust, 83; of Pym, 75; of Rhys, 59; of Serao, 63, 64, 65; of White, 72–73; of Zélide, 86
reading: Hazza
rd and, x, xiv–xv, 162; Leopardi’s, 95–96; life, the, 90; literary, 9, 51, 183–184; Maxwell and, 104–105; popular, 183–184; public, of Virgil, 12
Reagan, Ronald, 144
realism, 24, 30, 110, 175, 189n16
Rebecca (du Maurier), 162–165
Recanati, 92–100
Recherche. See A la recherche du temps perdu
Reed, Henry, 16
refugees, xi, 117
Reik, Theodor, 103
Remembrance of Things Past. See A la recherche du temps perdu
Renaissance, 6, 20, 21, 92
Rettifilo (boulevard, Naples), 65
Revelation, Book of, 4, 71
Rhys, Jean, xv, 59–62
Richard II (Shakespeare), 23, 40
Riders in the Chariot (White), 68, 177
ridicule, 21, 35, 110
risanamento, 65
risorgimento, 64
Ritchie, Alice, 123
Rochester, John Wilmot, Earl of, 16
Romanticism, 89, 159
Romantics, 23, 42, 99, 192n27
Rome, 17, 29, 37, 45, 57–58, 98, 167
Ross, Harold, 103
Russell, John, 50
san Gimignano, Folgore, 178
Sardanapulus, 49
satire, 35
Satyr against Mankind, A (Rochester), 16
SAVAK, 127
Scenes of Clerical Life (Eliot), 74
scholarship, xiv, 90–91, 168; amateur, xvi
Scott, Geoffrey, 85–91
Scott, Walter, 21
Scott Moncrieff, Charles K., 76–84
Scott Moncrieff, Miss, 81
“Secondary Epic” (Auden), 16
self-consciousness, in language, 36
Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Government Affairs, 133
Seneca, Lucius Anneas, 8, 18, 39
sensibility, 9, 23, 25, 56, 59, 65, 88, 91, 101
Serao, Matilde, xv, 63–66
shah (of Iran), 127–128, 136–140. See also Pahlavi royal family of Iran
Shakespeare, William, 22, 23, 31, 34, 40, 42, 43, 71
Shameen Island, 161, 165
Shawn, William, 103
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 25, 47, 179, 196n105
Shevchenko, Arkady, 130
“Shield of Achilles, The” (Auden), 15
short-story collections, 56
“Signorina Felicità” (Gozzano), 45
silence: Leopardi on, 51; Montale on, 14, 167; public, of League of Nations, 117; public, of UN, 118, 125, 129, 134, 137; of reader and writer, 9, 93; and thought, 10
simplicity, 5, 19, 33, 79, 85, 98
Solarz, Stephen, xvii, 188n12
“Soldier, The” (Brooke), 47
solitude, 10, 11, 14, 29, 51, 94
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr: as dissident, 109; Nobel speech of, 29, 111, 113, 114, 121, 132; public role of, 47; UN suppression of works by, xvi, xvii, xix, 109, 112–116, 125
South China, 156
Southeast Asia, 117
Soviet Union: dissidents of, xvii, 109, 125, 137; government of, 112, 115, 132; prison network in, 131
Spark, Muriel, xv, 55–58
Stannard, Martin, 187n2
Steegmuller, Francis, ix–x, xvi, 90–91, 102, 187n2
Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle), 42, 71
Stevens, Wallace, 47
Strong, Maurice, 128
style, 6, 9, 35, 55, 74, 83, 167
supranationalism, 121
Swinburne, Algernon Charles, 47
sword, 16, 21
Sydney, 68, 142, 144
synthesis, 9, 30, 39, 49, 90
Tacitus, 44, 170
Taipei, 159
Tales of Hoffman, The (Offenbach), 40
Tasso, Torquato, 19, 45–46
technology, 7, 8, 27, 28, 37, 39, 111, 133
Tehran, 127–128, 136–137, 140–141
Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, xiv, 16–17, 27, 30
Thetis, 15–16
Times Literary Supplement (London), 72
torture, 109, 111, 125, 131, 136–137
Transit of Venus, The (Hazzard), xi
translation, x, xv, 32, 72, 76–84, 87, 97, 99
transnational order, intellectuals as part of, xii
trenches, of WWI, 25, 143
Trilling, Lionel, x, 187n1
Trollope, Anthony, 37–38
Trumbull, Mr. Borthrop (Middlemarch character), 36
truth: art and, 8, 32–33; imagination and, 10; individual intimacy with, 39; language and, xiii, 4, 6, 11, 30–31, 35; literature and, 4, 30, 71; satire and, 35
Tuscany, xxi, 92, 175–180
twentieth century, ix, x, xiv, xv, xx, 21, 40, 50
tycoons, 122
U Thant, 129, 136
Ulysses, 25
UNESCO, 117, 125
United Nations, 109–141; administrative procedures, 130; budget, 120, 125, 133, 203n4; charter of, 112, 124, 129, 130, 134; and Chinese government, 116; Commission on Human Rights, 120, 125, 128, 136–138; Congress on the Law of the Sea, 119; Congress on Population, 119; and Cypriot government, 131; Development Program, 123; International Maritime Organization, 122; and Iranian government, 140; peace medal, 132; presenting an illusion of concern, 119; press coverage of, 140; public disillusionment with, 126; relations with international governments, 109, 110–111, 112, 118–126, 128, 130, 134, 136–140; Secretariat, xvi, 109, 123–125, 127, 129–131, 133, 138, 139, 188n13; Solzhenitsyn’s criticisms of, 132; and Soviet government, xix, 112; staff body, 139; US government relations with, 130, 133
United States, xii, xxi; government, 130; and the UN, 130–131, 133, 138, 189n13
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 112, 113, 124, 132
university, xii, xiii
“Unquiet Grave, The” (Palinurus), 56
US State Department, 110, 122, 133
Valéry, Paul, 5, 33
Van Heutz, 153–154, 164
van Serooskerken van Tuyll, Isabella. See Zélide
Venice, 4, 92
Il Ventre di Napoli (Serao), 63–66
veracity, xiv, 5, 33, 71
Veronese, Paolo, 4
Vesuvius, xxi, 42, 99, 170, 172–173, 185
Vietnam War, 110, 120
Villa Campolieto, 171
Villa dei Papiri, 170–172
Virgil, xiii, xiv, 12–24, 27, 29, 39, 41, 45–46, 95, 97, 100, 169
Virgin Mary, 24
virtue, 15, 20, 24, 25, 57, 60, 68, 75, 145
Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet), 50, 87
Waldheim, Kurt, xvi, xvii, xix, 109, 112–116, 127–134, 136–141
Walpole, Horace, 171
War and Peace (Tolstoy), 104
Washington Post, 133, 137, 188n12
Watergate, 114, 119
Weatherby, W. J., 72
Weber, Karl, 172
Wells, H. G., 111, 121
Wesolowska, Alicja, 139–140
White, Patrick, xv, 67–73, 177
Whitman, Walt, 30
Wilkinson, Alec, 102
Winckelmann, Johann Joachim, 98, 176
Wind, Edgar, 20
Winspeare-Guicciardi, Vittorio, 112–113
women: and Leopardi, 97–98; and Zélide, 90
women characters, 69, 71
women writers, xv, 47; of the Heian court, 46
women’s rights, and the UN, 110, 128
world food crisis, 119
World War I, 25, 118, 143, 77, 143
World War II, xx, 16, 118, 144, 149, 169, 177
writer: Auden as, 14, 26; Australian, 72–73; Hazzard as, x, xiii, xv, xvii, 13, 178; as dissident, 114; as hero, 25, 28; as historical figure, 23; Maxwell as, 101; and posterity, 41, 44, 46–48; practice of, 4–6, 9–11, 13, 18, 21, 33–35; Pym as, 83; and reader, 7, 9; rep
utation of, 46–48; Spark as, 57–58; White as, 67, 71
writerly sympathy, xvi
writers: bonds between, xiv, xv, 113; and readers, 184
Yeats, W. B., 4, 9, 19, 26, 28, 31, 104, 175
Zélide (Isabella van Serooskerken van Tuyll), xv, xvi, 85–91
Zola, Émile, 25, 63