Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) 294
Amazonia 225
Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis) 260
Amblysomus 217
American Museum, New York 6–7
American Psychologist 35–6
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals 40
Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) 84–5
animals (Regnum Animale) 211
Ankole 188
Annamite Mountains 119, 232
Antarctica 214
antelope 30, 31, 38, 45, 50, 53, 105, 117, 119, 133, 231, 282
Anthropocene 176, 191, 192, 229
anthropometry 59–61
anthropomorphism 32, 34, 47, 68, 222
Arabian gazelle (Gazella arabica) 117, 237
Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) 110, 237
archaea 211
Arcus Foundation 160
Arend’s golden mole (Carpitalpa arendsi) 17
Aristotle 204, 206, 208, 285
Asian tapir (Tapirus indicus) 260
Astley’s Royal Amphitheatre 25
Attenborough, David 90–1, 92, 94, 106, 111, 127, 245
Audubon, John James 283
aurochs (Bos primigenius) 95, 248
Australia 116, 120, 166, 176, 189, 286
baboon 50, 51, 53, 54, 105, 112, 133, 157, 272, 282
bacteria 211, 276
Bactrian camel, wild (Camelus bactrianus) 260
badgers, culling 258
baiji or Yangtze River dolphin (Lipotes vexillifer) 122, 250, 255–7, 260, 264, 265
Baillie, Professor Jonathan 244, 245, 247, 249, 252, 253, 253, 256, 259–60, 261, 273
Banks, Joseph 4
banteng 229, 230
Baratay, Eric: Zoo: a History of Zoological Gardens in the West 45, 46, 49
Barclay, Maxwell 207, 208, 209–10, 211, 213
barn owl (Titus alba) 86, 98, 202, 218, 272, 284
Barnum, Phineas T. 6–7, 36, 45–6, 48, 262
Barre, Siad 123
Bartlett, Abraham Dee 4, 5, 6, 21–3, 24, 112
Bates, Henry Walter 4, 9
Bavarian pine vole (Microtus bavaricus) 248
BBC 184, 247
bears 21, 45, 48, 76, 125, 188, 237–8
beaver 83, 226, 237
Bedfordshire 151, 155
Beeton, Isabella 22
Benn, Hilary 149
Bentham, Jeremy 31–2, 190–1
Berg Rara, Cyclops Mountains, Indonesia 253
Bernard of the Netherlands, Prince 110
Bible 2, 11, 15, 58, 76, 97, 206, 226, 251, 260
biodiversity: meaning of 39, 200
‘biological species concept’ 208
birds: importance of ornithologists in conservation movement 97–8; list of species soars 120; British birdsong 260 see also under individual species name
bison 16, 38, 103, 294
black rhino (Diceros bicornis) 128, 129, 157–8, 165, 166, 176, 177, 199, 227
black-footed ferret (mustela nigripes) 237
Blanchett, Cate 127
Blixen, Karen: Out of Africa 129, 152
blond titi monkey (Callicebus barbara-brownae) 260
blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) 260
bluebuck (Hippotragus leucophaeus) 38, 100, 248, 265
boma 194–5
Boni Forest, Kenya 263
Booth Museum of Natural History, Brighton 167
Boran 188, 193–4, 195, 196, 197, 229
Born Free Foundation 144
Boston Society of Natural History 2
Botswana 144, 149, 176, 197, 199
Bouba N’Djida reserve, Cameroon 199
Britain: biodiversity of 13–14, 233–6; red fox in 68–73; wetland habitat in 104–5; ivory trade and 148, 149, 165; poverty in 153; depauperate 233; red squirrel and grey squirrel in 235–6, 251, 259; habitat in 236; reintroduction of locally extinct species into their original or similar habitats within 234–40; life in gardens within 260
British Association for the Advancement of Science 60
British Cyclopedia of Natural History: combining a scientific classification of animals, plants & minerals (Partington) 175, 216, 281
British East Africa 174
British Museum 6, 7, 10–11, 57–8, 62
broad-faced potoroo (Potorous platyops) 248
Bronner, Gary 85–6, 87–8, 126, 202, 203, 214, 215, 218, 240
Brown, Robert K. 229
Brumas (polar bear) 89–90, 129–30, 204
Buck, Frank 40, 43, 44, 73–5, 74, 76, 90, 91, 112
Buckland, Frank 23, 24, 25–6, 27–8, 43, 44, 112
buffalo 29, 30, 31, 38, 53, 82, 105, 117, 133, 134, 154, 157, 158, 172, 194, 195, 196
bulldog rat (Rattus nativitatis) 248
Burgess Shale fossil fields, Canadian Rockies 274–5
Burundi 124, 138, 176
Bushnell, Horace: Sermon on the Power of an Endless Life 79
Buxton, Edward North 100
Cambridge University 126–7
Cameroon 124, 128, 149, 176, 199
Cape golden mole (Chrysochloris asiatica) 276–7, 281
captive-breeding programmes 21, 75, 233, 236–7, 265
carbon trading 184
Caribbean monk seal (Monachus tropicalis) 248, 265
Carnivora 10, 212
Carr, Greg 134
Carson, Rachel: Silent Spring 78, 79, 96, 103
Castle Museum, Norwich 165
Chad 139
Charles, Prince 235
cheetah 38, 48, 61, 105, 133, 157
Cheirogaleidae 113–14
chimpanzee 3, 94, 105, 160, 179, 204, 243, 282
China 22, 136, 137, 141, 144, 145, 163, 165, 166, 169, 170, 232, 252, 271, 277
Chitengo Camp 132–3, 134, 160, 189
Chordata 211, 212
Cincinatti Zoo 284
Cingalese exhibition, (1884) 56
circuses 45, 47–8, 51, 61, 74, 132, 166
clades/cladistics 209, 214, 215, 226
Clarke, Brian 157
classification of species 176–7 see also taxonomy
climate change 14, 22, 80–1, 85, 184–5, 226, 232, 233, 249, 251, 258–9
Climategate scandal 185
Coastal rock gecko (Pristurus simonettai) 270
Colchester Zoo 169, 170
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 33
Commander Islands, Bering Sea 264 common dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) 251
Congo-Zaire 271
Conservation Foundation, U.S. 110
conservation movement: birth of 78–85, 93–111
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (National Research Council) 271
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) 136, 142, 143–4, 146, 148, 149, 167, 169
Copernicus, Nicholas 219
‘Correlates of rediscovery and the detectability of extinction in mammals’ (Diana O. Fisher and Simon P. Blomberg) 121
Craig, Batian 193
Crania Britannica (Davis/Thurnam) 60
crescent nailtail wallaby (Onychogalea lunata) 248
Cromer, Lord 100
crop science 182, 186, 187
Cross River gorilla 128
Cuban solenodon (Solenodon cubanus) 115
Curzon, Lord 129
Cyprus spiny mouse (Acomys nesiotes) 115
D’Addario, Silvia 202, 203, 204
Dartmoor 12–13, 131–2
Darwin, Charles 4, 11, 36, 37, 58, 61, 93, 192, 203, 204, 207, 208, 219, 280
Davy, Sir Humphry 20
DDT 103
deer 14, 38, 55, 84, 95, 204, 232, 233, 238, 239, 246, 248, 282
deforestation 80–1, 98, 99, 102
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) 128, 129, 139, 147, 263
Dench, Dame Judi 127
Denis, Armand 90, 91, 106, 109, 129, 151–2
Denis, Michaela 90, 91, 106, 109, 115, 129, 151–2
Department for Environment and Rura
l Affairs (Defra) 144, 148
Descartes, René 32
desert bandicoot (Perameles eremiana) 248
desert rat-kangaroo (Caloprymnus campestris) 248
Dghoumes National Park, Tunisia 236
Diatomyidae 262
dibatag (Ammodorcus clarkei, or Clarke’s gazelle) 282
Dinagat bushy-tailed cloud rat (Crateromys australis) 245
DNA: map of Africa 141; ivory trade and testing of origin 142, 169; taxonomy and 212, 214, 229, 230; Frozen Ark Project and 266
Domalin, Jean-Yves 44, 45
Dorper sheep 187
doura 50, 51
Drusillas Animal Park, Alfriston, Sussex 167
du Chaillu, Monsieur 6
dugong (Dugong dugon) 213, 260
Dürer, Albrecht 162–3, 216
Durrell, Gerald 118–19
Durrell’s vontsira (Salanoia durrelli) 118–19, 121, 231
Duthie’s golden mole (Chlorotalpa duthieae) 17
‘Early Evidence for Complex Social Structure in Proboscidea from a Late Miocene Trackway Site in the United Arab Emirates’ 171
East Africa 105, 142, 177
East Riding Association for the Protection of Sea Birds 97
Eastern Cape 99
eastern hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes leporides) 248
echidna (Tachyglossidae) 16, 61, 70, 120–1, 244, 245, 246, 250, 252–5, 261
ecology 39, 98
Eden Project 200
Edentata 10
EDGE Project (Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered) 244–7, 248–57, 259–63, 294
Ehrlich, Paul 200, 246
Einstein, Albert 102
elephant 14, 21, 26, 29, 30, 31, 34, 38, 43, 45, 46, 49, 50, 53, 54, 55, 56, 63–4, 65, 73, 74, 75, 82, 93, 99, 105, 106, 107, 124, 128, 133, 134, 136–50, 147, 154, 157, 158, 159, 171, 172, 177, 188, 198, 199, 205, 213, 218, 227, 229, 232, 245, 286, 293 see also ivory trade
Elephant Trade Information Service (ETIS) 142, 144–5
elephant-shrew (Macroscelididae) 10, 17, 21, 213, 215
Elmoge, Adam 179, 185
Endana Secondary School, Kenya 178–9, 180, 181, 185–6, 190
environmental debate, debased condition of 184–5
environmental journalism 181
Eskimos 56, 57
Ethiopia 124, 138, 176, 194, 260, 271
Ethiopian water mouse (Nilopegamys plumbeus) 245, 260
Eugenics Society 93
Eulipotyphla 213
Eurasian elk (Alces alces) 294
European bison (Bison bonasus) 294
European lynx (lynx lynx) 237, 238
European mole (Talpa europaea) 35, 61, 212–13, 212
European pine marten (Martes martes) 214, 240
European Union 148, 182
Europol 165, 166
Evans, Harold 96
experiments on animals 34–6
extinction: mammals previously thought extinct actually still alive 14–15, 112–24, 128; scale of losses 15, 120, 248, 250; mass extinction events 15, 82, 113, 226; why it matters 15–16; IUCN Red List of Threatened Species see IUCN; mammals hunted to 38, 82, 232, 265; fifty-year extinction test 114, 121; ‘new species’ discoveries and 118–24; ‘purportedly extinct’ species known from fewer than five historic sightings 121; search effort for 121–4, 252–5; species eliminated by loss of habitat ‘is likely to be overestimated’ 123; size of animal and 227–8; reintroduction of locally extinct species into their original or similar habitats 234–40, 293–4; EDGE and see EDGE; failure to save an animal from 255–7; percentage of world’s species threatened with 258; climate change as cause of 258–9; recovery through selective breeding 265–6; birds 283–4
Falklands Islands dog (Dusicyon australis) 248
Farasan Islands, Red Sea 108
Fauna & Flora International (FFI) 127–9, 159, 160, 161, 197, 245
Fauna and Flora Preservation Society 101
Fauna Preservation Society 101, 110
Fea’s muntjac (Muntiacus feae) 115, 232
‘Feejee Mermaid’ 6–7
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge 127
Flannery, Tim 98; Here on Earth: a new beginning 191–2; A Gap in Nature 248, 264, 283
Florence 86, 87–8, 124, 125, 126, 168, 175, 202, 203, 221–2, 267, 268–92
Florence Institute of Zoology 125
Friedman, Milton 96
Friends of the Earth 184
Frozen Ark Project 266
Fry, Stephen 127
fungi 211, 247
Gabon 1, 150, 263
Gaia 77, 192
Galapagos mouse (Nesoryzomys indefessus) 248
Galileo 280
gazelle 38, 95, 105, 117, 118, 133, 158, 159, 194, 197, 198, 237, 248, 261, 272, 282
genera 210–11, 212
Genzick, Dr 26–7
gerenuk (Litocranius walleri) 105, 282
Ghana 139, 147
giant fossa (Cryptoprocta spelea) 248
giant golden mole (Chrysospalax trevelyani) 62–3, 202, 260, 283
Gichohi, Nathan 161
Gilbert’s potoroo (Potorous gilbertii) 260
Gill, Eric: Mankind 94, 95
Giohar, Somalia 18, 86, 272, 289, 291
giraffe 10, 30, 38, 41, 42, 43, 45, 50, 53, 55, 105, 107, 154, 157, 158, 159, 172, 187, 188, 189, 197, 198, 226, 286
Gloucestershire 104
GM technology 181, 182
God Species, The (Lynas) 231–2
golden jackal (Canis aureus) 294
golden moles (Chrysochloridea) 10, 17–19, 21, 36, 38, 39, 42, 61, 62, 67, 85–8, 98, 100, 106, 112, 117, 121, 124–5, 126, 128, 130, 156, 161, 168, 174–6, 189, 200–1, 202–3, 215, 212–18, 219, 221, 240, 244, 245, 250–1, 252–3, 260, 262, 266–7, 270, 272, 273, 274, 276–7, 281, 283, 287–92, 288, 294 see also under individual species name
golden-rumped sengi/golden-rumped elephant shrew (Rhynchocyon chrysopygus) 262
Gordon-Cumming, Roualeyn 28–31, 32, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42–3, 112, 136, 150, 163, 192, 197, 203, 207, 224, 271, 272–3
gorilla 4, 5, 6, 8, 17, 21, 26, 106, 119, 128, 245, 249, 260, 282
Gorongosa National Park 132–4, 160, 182
Gould, Stephen Jay: Wonderful Life 274–5
Gould’s mouse (Pseudomys gouldii) 248
Grant’s gazelle (Nanger granti) 159, 197, 272, 282
Great African Rift Valley 132, 225
great apes 1–6, 160, 293
Great Exhibition, (1851) 28, 48
Great Exhibition, Chicago, (1893) 48
Greece 103–4
Greenpeace 96
grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) 14, 188, 235–6, 259
grey wolf (Canis lupus) 294
Grey, Sir Edward 100
Grizzly Man (film) 76
Guenther’s dik-dik 282
Gulf of Guinea 1, 17
habitat loss/protection 84, 98, 99, 104–5, 123, 128, 227, 230, 236, 240, 249, 255, 259, 265, 266
Haeckel, Ernst 39
Hagenbeck, Carl 45–56, 57, 59, 61, 63, 64, 65, 67, 73, 112
Haggard, Rider 37
Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus) 128
hairy-eared dwarf lemur (Allocebus trichotis) 114, 118, 119
Haldane, J. B. S. 207
Hamburg 42, 45, 47, 48, 51, 55–6
Hamer, Dean 170
Hanno the Navigator (King Hanno II) 1, 2, 4, 17, 91
Hardouin-Fugier, Elisabeth: Zoo: a History of Zoological Gardens in the West 45, 46, 49
Harper, Francis 114
Hasek, Jaroslav: The Good Soldier Schweik 126–7
Haslemere Educational Museum, Surrey 166
hedgehog (Erinaceidae) 14, 70, 140, 213, 214, 234, 253
Hennig, Willi 209
Herzog, Harold A. 35–6
hide beetles 206–7
Highland wolf 240
Hilton-Taylor, Craig 126
hippopotamus 10, 21, 23–4, 26–8, 30, 31, 34,
38, 40, 42, 51, 52, 53, 54, 73, 105, 128, 133, 143, 147, 157, 204, 248, 260 see also under individual species name
Hispaniolan edible rat (Brotomys voratus) 248
Hitchens, Christopher 160
Hitler, Adolf 60, 61
Hobart Zoo 116
Holocene period 230
honeyguide (Indicator indicator) 276
Hong Kong 135, 142, 149, 165, 293
horseflesh, consumption of 24–5
Hottentot golden mole (Amblysomus hottentotus) 283
Huguenard, Amie 76
Hunter, Captain John 7
hunting of animals 15–16, 26–32, 33, 34, 36–8, 39–66, 52, 53, 98, 99–100, 110, 159, 160, 189, 227, 232, 233, 242–3, 263, 265, 283–4
Huxley, Aldous 102
Huxley, Elspeth 92, 93
Huxley, Julian 93, 94, 95, 104–10, 111, 129, 154, 163, 165
Huxley, Thomas Henry 58, 93, 113, 203, 207, 280
hyena 21, 31, 38, 45, 50, 61, 105, 128, 154–5, 157, 158, 172, 189, 205, 243
Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) 294
Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) 128
icecaps, melting 259
Ilin Island cloudrunner (Crateromys paulus) 248
Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) 162–3
Indo-Pacific beaked whale (Indopacetus pacificus) 286–7
Indonesia 252, 253, 254, 255
Institute of Zoology 256
intelligence, animal 32, 47, 222
International Species Information system (ISIS) 21
Interpol 135, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 149
Ipswich Museum, Suffolk 166–7, 173
Irwin, Steve 75–6
Istanbul 198
IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) 109, 110, 117, 232, 233, 240, 245, 246, 247–8, 262; Red List of Threatened Species 18, 21, 41, 68, 84, 109, 118, 120, 121, 227, 231, 232, 240, 249, 255, 263–4, 265, 290; status reports 118; ‘data deficient’ 68, 117, 118, 122, 251, 290; ‘critically endangered’ 18, 21, 68, 120, 122, 240, 245; ‘least concern’ 68, 124, 240, 250, 251; ‘near threatened’ 68; species programme 126; World Conservation Congress, South Korea 247; Species Survival Commission 247
IUPN (International Union for the Protection of Nature) 109
ivory trade 30, 99, 107, 125, 135–50, 165, 167, 191, 198, 199, 293
jackal 38, 90, 157, 205, 294
Jackman, Brian 96, 156, 157, 172, 199, 200
Jackson’s hartebeest 157, 197
jaguar (Panthera onca) 9, 61, 92–3, 128
Jamaican rice rat (Oryzomys antillarum) 248
Jamrach, Charles 43, 44
Janjaweed militia 139
Japan 6, 7, 15, 136, 141, 143, 144, 145, 152
Japanese sea lion (Zalophus japonicus) 265
Javan rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus) 249, 261
Jenkins, Paula 113–14, 115, 118
Jentink’s duiker (Cephalophus jentinki) 115