“kind, chivalrous, even comforting”: Atkinson, The Guns at Last Light, 275.
“It was pretty dismaying”: Hastings, Armageddon, 60.
“I still feel sick”: Barry Paris, Audrey Hepburn (New York: Berkley, 1996), Kindle edition, loc. 769.
“the heart and center”: General Sir John Hackett, I Was a Stranger (London: Chatto & Windus, 1978), 61.
“Thank God”: Ibid., 48.
“passing to and fro”: Ibid., 65.
“was now becoming”: Ibid.
“peace and industry”: Ibid., 80.
“It would be”: Ibid., 77.
“it would not”: Ibid., 78.
“Such loving kindness”: Ibid.
“Someone in my house”: Ibid., 68.
“the tidy gardens”: Ibid., 115.
“this mild and unassuming woman”: Ibid., 140.
“When these ladies”: Ibid., 82.
“One or another”: Ibid., 116.
“almost slinking away”: Ibid., 91.
“the searches”: Ibid., 141.
“Everything is well”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 136.
“heavy stone of sadness”: Hackett, I Was a Stranger, 160.
“rare and beautiful”: Ibid.
“expressed their loyalty”: Foot, Holland at War, 113.
“It was like”: Hackett, I Was a Stranger, 187–88.
“I was still both”: Ibid., 185.
“Good luck”: Ibid., 192.
“Hullo, Shan”: Ibid., 196.
“The gray goose has gone”: Ibid., 201.
“lost three-quarters”: Hastings, Armageddon, 60.
“The worst thing”: Peszke, The Polish Underground Army, 174.
“Between our front”: Hastings, Armageddon, 196.
“in order to hinder”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 29.
“it was the most important”: Ibid.
“Don’t worry”: Ibid., 30.
CHAPTER 24: THE HUNGER WINTER
“You saw them”: Henri van der Zee, The Hunger Winter: Occupied Holland, 1944–45 (London: Jill Norman and Hobhouse, 1982), 181.
“You look and feel”: Ibid., 184.
“smoking ruins and deadly silence”: Ibid., 46.
“People with their feet torn”: Ibid., 75–76.
“a quiet, oppressive apathy”: Ibid., 147.
“the year of liberation”: Ibid., 87.
“For the first time”: Ibid.
“By March”: Janet Flanner, “Letter from Amsterdam,” New Yorker, Feb. 15, 1947.
“Everyone tried to cook grass”: Barry Paris, Audrey Hepburn (New York: Berkley, 1996), Kindle edition, loc. 671.
“shrunken bodies”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 158.
“My old, beautiful, and noble”: Ibid., 209.
“For the first time”: Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema, Soldier of Orange (London: Sphere, 1982), 233.
“Have you heard?”: Ibid.
“living my self-satisfied life”: Ibid.
“thanked God”: Ibid.
“one of the most impressive”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 34.
“ ‘Famine, floods’ ”: “Wreckers at Work,” Newsweek, Oct. 16, 1944.
“all the farm hands”: Rick Atkinson, The Guns at Last Light: The War in Western Europe, 1944–1945 (New York: Picador, 2013), 399.
“calamity as has not”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 171.
“military considerations”: Hastings, Armageddon, 412.
“The Allies are admired”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 191.
“I felt as if I”: H. R. H. Wilhelmina, Princess of the Netherlands, Lonely but Not Alone (London: Hutchinson, 1960), 181.
“I shall not forget”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 187.
“I must leave this”: Ibid., 173.
“to have Holland cleared up”: Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, vol. 7: Road to Victory, 1941–1945 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1986), 1081.
“this slaughter of the Dutch”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 188.
“thorough explanation”: Ibid.
“deep regrets”: Ibid.
“the Anglo-Americans”: Julian Jackson, France: The Dark Years, 1940–1944 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 513.
“wanted to shriek out loud”: Ray Jenkins, A Pacifist at War (London: Arrow, 2010), 157–58.
“Terrible things”: Gilbert, Road to Victory, 784.
“had not fully realized”: Ibid., 739.
“not prepared to impose”: Lord Ismay, The Memoirs of General Lord Ismay (New York: Viking, 1960), 349.
“The inner door”: Atkinson, The Guns at Last Light, 555.
“fight to the last man”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 210.
“One has nothing”: Ibid., 229.
“decided to leave”: Ibid., 244.
“The Dutch must”: Ibid., 252.
“To the Dutch people”: Ian Buruma, Year Zero: A History of 1945 (New York: Penguin, 2013), 53.
“An old man”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 253.
“ran outside”: Ibid., 253–54.
“The emotion and enthusiasm”: Ibid., 254.
“If any emotions”: Ibid., 254–55.
“Fear was finished”: Ibid., 257.
“We are no longer isolated”: Ibid.
“I saw people”: Ibid., 277–78.
“It gives me a shock”: Ibid., 278.
“Wilhelmus of Orange”: Ibid., 276–77.
“expressed the longing”: Ibid., 277.
“felt about the Allies”: Ibid.
“We have been kissed”: Buruma, Year Zero, 14.
“On first appearance”: van der Zee, The Hunger Winter, 298.
“The babies were tragic”: Ibid., 302.
“We had almost”: Paris, Kindle edition, loc. 835.
“packets of tea”: General Sir John Hackett, I Was a Stranger (London: Chatto & Windus, 1978), 209.
“A leaden pall”: Ibid., 210.
“looking about them”: Ibid.
“With the certainty”: Ibid., 211.
“whose gate”: Ibid.
“There was no surprise”: Ibid.
“Did you get”: Ibid.
“the sharp cold”: Ibid., 212.
“we sat down”: Ibid., 214.
“What is it?”: Ibid.
CHAPTER 25: “THERE WAS NEVER A HAPPIER DAY”
“in keeping with”: H. R. H. Wilhelmina, Princess of the Netherlands, Lonely but Not Alone (London: Hutchinson, 1960), 227.
“Rie, Peter, and I”: Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema, Soldier of Orange (London: Sphere, 1982), 247.
“she ignored it”: Ibid., 236.
“At first, Peter”: Ibid., 241.
“In my garden”: Ibid., 242.
“I do not intend”: Ibid., 241.
“Captain, this is steak”: Ibid.
“synonymous as it was”: Ibid., 253.
“War brought Queen Wilhelmina”: “The Woman Who Wanted a Smile,” Time, Sept. 6, 1946.
“dangers of leaving”: Sir Peter Thorne, “Andrew Thorne and the Liberation of Norway,” in Britain and Norway in the Second World War, ed. Patrick Salmon (London: HMSO, 1995), 209.
“Everything was out of place”: Ibid., 173.
“the most beloved personage”: “King Haakon Dead in Norway,” New York Times, Sept. 22, 1957.
“the situation was full”: Sawyer to Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius, March 29, 1945, U.S. State Department Records, National Archives, Washington, DC.
“Were he to openly back”: James H. Huizinga, Mr. Europe: A Political Biography of Paul Henri Spaak (New York: Praeger, 1961), 177.
“It is not difficult”: Ibid., 181.
“gratuitously covering”: Ibid., 184.
“The question is not”: Jan Velaers and Herman Van Goethem, Leopold III (Brussels: Lannoo, 2001), 955.
“I have not had”: Huizinga, Mr. Europe, 209.
CHAPTER 26: “WHY ARE YOU CRYING, YOUNG MAN?”
“Iron Curtain of the next”: Caleb Crain, “Almost History: Plzeň, May 1991,” New York Review of Books, Aug. 21, 2013.
“In our view”: Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, vol. 7: Road to Victory, 1941–1945 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1986), 1322.
“For God’s sake, Brad”: Carlo D’Este, Patton: A Genius for War (New York: HarperPerennial, 1995), 728.
“Personally, and aside”: Max Hastings, Armageddon: The Battle for Germany, 1944–1945 (New York: Knopf, 2004), 486.
“We Communists”: Claire Sterling, The Masaryk Case (New York: Harper & Row, 1969), 17–18.
“No [Czech] citizen”: Josef Korbel, Twentieth-Century Czechoslovakia: The Meanings of Its History (New York: Columbia University Press, 1977), 215.
“Thank God”: Ibid., 214.
“without enthusiasm”: František Moravec, Master of Spies: The Memoirs of General František Moravec (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1975), 232.
“was moving”: Ibid.
“Beneš dealt”: Korbel, Twentieth-Century Czechoslovakia, 197.
“I asked him”: Moravec, Master of Spies, 229.
“we had no fascists”: Ibid., 219.
“I was treated”: Ibid., 233.
“coming from America”: Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War, vol. 6: Triumph and Tragedy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1953), 367.
“fought like a tiger”: Robert Payne, The Rise and Fall of Stalin (New York: Avon Books, 1966), 665.
“Poland must be mistress”: Gilbert, Road to Victory, 1184.
“Just think”: M. Lisiewicz et al., eds., Destiny Can Wait: The Polish Air Force in the Second World War (Nashville, TN: Battery Press, 1949), 168–69.
“keep peace, dignity”: Wacław Jędrzejewicz, ed., Poland in the British Parliament, 1939–1945 (New York: Pilsudski Institute, 1946), 369.
“On the one hand”: Romuald Lipinski, Memoirs, Polish Combatants Association, http://www.execulink.com/jferenc.
“are starved, beaten”: Gilbert, Road to Victory, 1243.
“The Poles”: Max Hastings, Inferno: The World at War, 1939–1945 (New York: Vintage, 2012), 631.
“source of increasing political embarrassment”: Cabinet minutes, Jan. 22, 1946, AIR 8/1157, National Archives, London.
“cold and dispassionate attitude”: Air Ministry memo, Jan. 17, 1946, FO 371/115, National Archives, London.
“strongest, the most loyal”: Ibid.
“Throughout our history”: Edward Raczyński, In Allied London (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1963), xii.
“Why are you crying”: Zamoyski, The Forgotten Few, 4.
“Any one of these”: Jones, Reflections, 217.
“What a windfall”: Władysław Kozaczuk, Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken, and How It Was Read by the Allies in World War Two (Frederick, MD: University Publications of America, 1984), 207.
“Setting them to work”: Władysław Kozaczuk and Jerzy Straszak, Enigma: How the Poles Broke the Nazi Code (New York: Hippocrene Books, 2004), 240.
“We cannot exclude”: Ibid.
“to cooperate”: Jan Stanislaw Ciechanowski et al., eds., Rejewski: Living with the Enigma Secret (Bydgoszcz, Poland: Bydgoszcz City Council, 2005), 199.
“It is clear”: Kozaczuk and Straszak, Enigma, 248.
“Such a theft”: R. V. Jones, Reflections on Intelligence (London: Heinemann, 1989), 213–14.
“The credit I gave them”: Ibid., 213.
“Until just before”: Ibid., 214.
“would never have”: Gordon Welchman, The Hut Six Story (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1982), 305.
“nothing but depressing”: Ciechanowski et al., eds., Rejewski, 88.
“a barren existence”: Ibid., 42.
“greatly assisted”: http://virtualglobetrotting.com/map/polish-memorial-at-bletchley-park/view/google/.
“as a whole”: “Poland’s Overlooked Enigma Codebreakers,” BBC News Magazine, July 5, 2014.
CHAPTER 27: “A COLLECTIVE FAULT”
“There will be food”: Henri van der Zee, The Hunger Winter: Occupied Holland, 1944–45 (London: Jill Norman and Hobhouse, 1982), 286.
“as close to destitution”: Rudy Abrahamson, Spanning the Century: The Life of W. Averell Harriman (New York: William Morrow, 1992), 413.
“Under the German occupation”: Malcolm Muggeridge, Chronicles of Wasted Time, vol. 2: The Infernal Grove (London: Collins, 1973), 224.
“If you wanted”: Ibid.
“one of the more”: Muggeridge, The Infernal Grove, 224.
“People who did not”: Jan Karski, Story of a Secret State (Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2013), 243–44.
“In the circumstances”: Tony Judt, Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945 (New York: Penguin, 2005), 45.
“needed and received”: Louis de Jong, The Netherlands and Nazi Germany (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990), 7.
“During the first two years”: Julian Jackson, France: The Dark Years, 1940–1944 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 350.
“fear and their own worries”: Elsa van der Laaken, Point of Reference (Bloomington, IN: Xlibris, 2002), 138.
“The criminal madness”: Marlise Simons, “Chirac Affirms France’s Guilt in Fate of Jews,” New York Times, July 17, 1995.
“give a ‘message’ ”: Kenneth Turan, “ ‘Sorrow and the Pity’ Still Potent, Powerful,” Los Angeles Times, July 7, 2000.
“required the solidarity”: Jackson, France: The Dark Years, 360.
“every [one of them]”: Tessa Stirling, Daria Nałęcz, and Tadeusz Dubicki, eds., Intelligence Cooperation Between Poland and Great Britain During World War II (London: Valentine Mitchell, 2005), 64.
“It is not surprising”: Michael R. Marrus, The Holocaust in History (Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 1987), 107.
CHAPTER 28: “THE WORLD COULD NOT POSSIBLY BE THE SAME”
“Silence over Europe’s recent past”: Tony Judt, Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945 (New York: Penguin, 2005), 10.
“through the entire war”: Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema, In Pursuit of Life (Stroud, UK: Sutton, 2003), 200.
“a creature from another”: Ibid., 197.
“The fearsome dangers”: Ibid., 75.
“skeptical, pragmatic practitioners”: Judt, Postwar, 82.
“was the embodiment”: Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema, Soldier of Orange (London: Sphere, 1982), 258.
“To every Hollander”: Ibid.
“a victory”: M.R.D. Foot, Holland at War Against Hitler: Anglo-Dutch Relations, 1940–1945 (London: Frank Cass, 1990), 213.
“the spokesman for all”: “The Netherlands: Woman in the House,” Time, May 13, 1946.
“The idea that”: Ian Buruma, Year Zero: A History of 1945 (New York: Penguin, 2013), 8.
“It is now obvious”: David Dimbleby and David Reynolds, An Ocean Apart: The Relationship Between Britain and America in the Twentieth Century (New York: Random House, 1988), 188.
“I left for Moscow”: Marcia Davenport, Too Strong for Fantasy (New York: Pocket Books, 1969), 339.
“What happened in Washington”: Ibid., 342.
“Facing an implacable foe”: Josef Korbel, Twentieth-Century Czechoslovakia: The Meanings of Its History (New York: Columbia University Press, 1977), 247.
“They have found out”: Ibid., 246.
“What died with him”: Claire Sterling, The Masaryk Case (New York: Harper & Row, 1969), 1.
“determination of the free countries”: Foot, Holland at War, 190.
“really made us”: Jack Adams, The Doomed Expedition: The Norwegian Campaign of 1940 (London: Leo Cooper, 1989), 35.
CHAPTER 29: “MY COUNSEL TO EUROPE…:
UNITE!”
“rather like one”: James H. Huizinga, Mr. Europe: A Political Biography of Paul Henri Spaak (New York: Praeger, 1961), 75.
“I’m often told”: Ibid.
“If the European Community”: Robert W. Allen, Churchill’s Guests: Britain and the Belgian Exiles During World War II (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003), 181.
“I have opened”: Huizinga, Mr. Europe, 239.
“When we have won”: Douglas Dodds-Parker, Setting Europe Ablaze: Some Account of Ungentlemanly Warfare (Windlesham, UK: Springwood, 1983), 94.
“Britain, our closest”: Foot, Holland at War, 189.
“consent to think”: Huizinga, Mr. Europe, 233.
“in which the barriers”: Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, vol. 7: Road to Victory, 1941–1945 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1986), 239.
“When the Nazi power”: M.R.D. Foot, Holland at War Against Hitler: Anglo-Dutch Relations, 1940–1945 (London: Frank Cass, 1990), 246.
“solemn charades”: Huizinga, Mr. Europe, 235.
“I admire those”: Ibid., 236.
“We are with Europe”: John Colville, Winston Churchill and His Inner Circle (New York: Wyndham Books, 1981), 261.
“Every time we must”: Charles de Gaulle, The Complete War Memoirs (New York: Carroll & Graf, 1998), 557.
“renounce the insularity”: Willy Brandt, In Exile: Essays, Reflections and Letters, 1933–1947 (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1971), 10.
“moment of national reconciliation”: Tony Judt, Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945 (New York: Penguin, 2005), 160.
“as the last hurrah”: Max Hastings, Inferno: The World at War, 1939–1945 (New York: Vintage, 2012), 639.
“an embrace so close”: Antony Beevor and Artemis Cooper, Paris: After the Liberation: 1944-1949 (New York: Penguin, 2004), 375.
“any British pretension”: Beevor and Cooper, Paris: After the Liberation, 375.
“If we try to remain”: David Reynolds, “France, Britain and the Narrative of Two World Wars,” in Britain and France in Two World Wars: Truth, Myth and Memory, ed. Robert Tombs and Emile Chabal (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2013), 207.
“The price of British overdependence”: Jeremy Paxman, The English: A Portrait of a People (Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press, 2000), 41.