marriage to Beatrice of Provence, 168–69
count of Provence and Anjou, 169–70
Crusades, 170-71, 184, 186, 199–202
crowned King of Sicily, 185–86
campaign against Manfred, 185–88
marriage to Margaret of Burgundy, 191
defeat and execution of Conradin, 191–97
statue of, 198
becomes King of Jerusalem, 204
Sicilian Vespers, 206–11
death, 211
tomb, 211–12
Charles of Calabria, son of Robert King of Sicily/Naples, 227–29
Charles of Durazzo, son of John of Gravina/Durazzo, 243, 246–49, 266
Charles of Valois, Count of Anjou, 210-11, 216, 235
Charles Robert ‘Carobert’, King of Hungary, 215–16, 219–21, 238–41
birth, 215
coronation, 220-21
marriages, 238–39
and Dezső Hédervári, 240-41
murder of Claire Záh, 241
death, 242
Charles V ‘the Wise’, King of France, 265–69
Charles VI, King of France, 291–93, 296, 303
Charles VII, King of France, 295–96, 304–09
Chateau Gaillard, 134–35, 147–48
chivalry, 104, 239, 254–55, 324–25
Chrétien de Troyes, 65, 79, 85, 105, 109
Clementia of Hapsburg, 205, 215, 221
Clifford, Rosamund, 107–08
Colleoni, Bartolomeo, 299
Columbus, Christopher, 336
Conrad, son of Frederick II, King of Sicily and Jerusalem, 175–77
Conradin, heir to kingdom of Sicily, 176–77, 191–97
Constance, daughter of Manfred, Queen of Aragon and Sicily, 206, 208–09
Crécy, battle of, 261–64
Crusades.
First Crusade, 54–59;
Second Crusade, 83–87;
Third Crusade, 119–20, 122–32;
Fourth Crusade, 149–55, 179–81, 206
Albigensian Crusade, 157, 168–69
Fifth (or ‘Damietta’) Crusade, 162
Frederick II’s Crusade, 163–64
Louis IX’s Crusade against Egypt, 170–73
Charles of Anjou’s Crusade(s), 184, 195
Louis IX’s Crusade against Tunis, 199–202
Crusade against Aragon, 210, 212–13
treatises proposing Crusades, 217–18
and Robert the Wise, 231–32
Nicopolis Crusade, 273, 287
Baltic Crusades of Teutonic Knights, 284–85
Dante (see Alighieri, Dante)
‘Dark Ages’, 20
Dauphin, origin of term, 232; see also Charles VII
Demille, Cecil B, 127
Dracula, 288
Edward I, King of England, 209–10, 214–15, 224
Edward II, King of England, 261
Edward III, King of England, 255, 261–69
Edward IV, King of England, son of Richard ‘Plantagenet’, Duke of York, 321–23, 331–32
Edward the Black Prince, son of Edward III, 264–66, 268–69
Eleanor of Aquitaine, Duchess of Aquitaine, Queen of France, Queen of England, 66, 78–89, 105–06, 112, 140, 143–44, 148–49
marriage to Louis VII, 81
rumours of adultery, 84–85
divorce from Louis VII, 87–89
marriage to Henry II, 89
and William Marshal, 105
revolt and imprisonment, 106
succession of King John, 140, 143–44
death, 148–49
Elisabeth, Queen of Hungary (wife of Louis the Great), Regent of Poland, 281–85
Elisabeth, wife of Fulk Nerra, 35–36
Exchequer, 95
Ferry de Vaudemont, 309, 313, 315, 330
feudalism, 21, 93, 141–43
Fontevraud Abbey, 56, 79–80, 121, 167
Frederick I ‘Barbarossa’, Holy Roman Emperor, 125–26
Frederick II, King of Sicily and Jerusalem, Holy Roman Emperor, 161–64, 168, 174, 237
Frederick III King of ‘Trinacria’/Sicily, 221
Fulk I ‘the Red’, Count of Anjou, 25
Fulk II ‘the Good’, Count of Anjou, 26
Fulk III ‘Nerra’, Count of Anjou, 30-39
meaning of name, 30
reputation, 31, 34, 36–39
battles, 31
castles, 32–33
pilgrimages, 33–34
murder of first wife Elisabeth, 35–36
tomb, 38
succession, 48–50
reputation, 51–52
marriage, 51–52, 55
as author, 52
meaning of name, 53
shoes, 53–54
and First Crusade, 54–55
Fulk V ‘the Young’, Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem, 30, 52, 60
marriage to Melisende, 63–64
death, 68
Geoffrey I ‘Greymantle’, Count of Anjou, 28–29
Geoffrey II ‘Martel’, Count of Anjou, 35–45
name, 41
annexation of Tours, 42
and William the Conqueror, 43–44
Geoffrey III ‘the Bearded’, Count of Anjou, 48–50, 53
Geoffrey IV ‘Plantagenet’, Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, 62, 64–65, 68–77, 84, 87–89, 92
meaning of name, 69, 318
and heraldry, 69–70
knighting ceremony, 69–70
marriage to Matilda, 71–72
conquest of Normandy, 73, 76–77, 84
death, 89
Geoffrey Martel II, son of Fulk Réchin, 51–52, 61
Geoffrey of Monmouth, 66, 82–83
Geoffrey of Villehardouin, 150-55
Geoffrey, Count of Brittany, son of Henry II, 109–12
Gilles de Rais ‘Bluebeard’, 326–27
Giovanna I and II, Queens of Sicily/Naples (see Johanna I and II)
Godfrey of Bouillon, ‘Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre’, 56, 58–60
Greece (Morea), 179–81, 190, 205, 217, 234–37
Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, 117–18, 129–30
Hattin, battle of, 119
Hédervári, Dezső, 240-41
Hedwig (see Jadwiga)
Henry ‘the Young King’, son of Henry II, 100-110
coronation, 100
revolt against Henry II, 106
death, 110
Henry I, King of England, Duke of Normandy, 27, 61
plans for succession, 62, 71–72
death, 72
Henry II, Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, King of England, 77–78, 87–101, 106–14, 119–21
invades England in civil war, 77–78
marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, 89
coronation, 91
castles, 97
and Thomas Becket, 99–101, 107
revolt against, 106–07
and Rosamund Clifford, 107–08
plans for succession, 109–12, 119–21
death, 121
Henry III, King of England, Duke of Aquitaine, 160, 166–67, 176–78, 181–82
Henry V, King of England, 293–96, 303
Henry VI, King of England, King of France, 303, 312–13, 317–23, 332
Henry VII of Luxembourg, Holy Roman Emperor, 225–26, 227, 229
Herbert ‘Wake the Dog’, Count of Maine, 31–32
Hohenschwangau, 192
Hospitallers (Knights of St John), 64, 218, 258–59
Hugh Capet, King of France, 28, 169
Ingelgarius, 24
Innocent III, Pope, 147, 159, 175
Isabel of Anjou, daughter of Fulk V, 61–62
Isabella of Angoulème, Queen of England, 142, 166–67
Isabelle of Lorraine, Duchess of Lorraine, Queen of Sicily/Naples, first wife of King René, 303, 327
Jadwiga (Hedwig), King of Poland, 282–87, 298
crowned King o
f Poland, 284
marriage to Jagiello, 285–86
death, 286
sainthood, 286–87
Jagiello (Jogala), Grand Duke of Lithuania, King of Poland, 285–86
James IV of Majorca, 270-72
Jean II ‘le Bon’/‘the Good’, Duke of Normandy, King of France, 262, 264–68
Jean, Duke of Calabria and Lorraine, son of King René, 309, 327, 329–30
Jeanne I and II, Queens of Sicily/Naples, Countesses of Provence (see Johanna I and II)
Jeanne of Laval, Countess of Provence, Queen of Sicily/Naples, second wife of King René, 327–28, 334
Joan of Arc, 305–7
Johanna I, Queen of Sicily/Naples and Jerusalem, Countess of Provence, 241–57, 266, 270-72, 276–80
marriage to Andrew of Hungary, 242
succeeds to throne of Sicily/Naples, 243
and Andrew’s murder, 244–50
marriage to Louis of Taranto, 248
marriage to James IV of Majorca, 270-72
children, 247, 249, 251, 257, 270-71
relationships with St Birgitta of Sweden and St Catherine of Siena, 272–73
marriage to Otto of Brunswick, 276
and Western Great Schism, 276–78
imprisonment and murder, 278–79
reputation, 279–80, 334
Johanna II, Queen of Sicily/Naples and Jerusalem, Countess of Provence,
marriages, 298–300
reputation, 298–99
coronation, 300
adoptive heirs, 300-01
death, 309–10
John ‘Lackland’/‘Softsword’, King of England, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Anjou, 106, 111, 133, 138–49 155–60
attempt to become lord of Ireland, 111
succession, 139–42
marriage to Isabella of Angoulème, 142–43
murder of Arthur of Brittany, 146
loss of Angevin Empire, 143–49, 156–59
Magna Carta, 159–61
death, 160
John of Gravina/Durazzo, son of Charles II King of Sicily/Naples, 217, 226, 236
becomes Duke of Durazzo, 236
John of Procida, 206–09
John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy, 292–93, 296
John XXII, Pope (Jacques Duèze), 226–31
John, ‘Blind’ King of Bohemia, in Italy, 229–31 at the battle of Crécy, 263–64
Josquin des Prez, 334
knights, 21, 45, 69–70, 238
Ladislas IV ‘the Cuman’, King of Hungary, 216
Ladislas, King of Sicily/Naples, King of Hungary, 279, 283, 287–89, 297–98
Leopold, Duke of Austria, 131–33
Louis ‘the Great’, King of Hungary and Poland, 239, 242–43, 246–53, 273–76, 281–83
birth, 239
invasion of Naples, 248–50, 253, 273–74
murder of Charles of Durazzo, 249
crowned King of Hungary, 273
crowned King of Poland, 275, 283
plans for succession, 275, 281
death, 281
Louis I, Count/Duke of Anjou, 262, 265, 267, 276–79, 281
adopted as heir to Sicily/Naples by Johanna I, 277–78
invasion of Italy and death, 281
Louis II, Duke of Anjou, King of Sicily/Naples, 281, 288–94, 297
Louis III, Duke of Anjou, Duke of Calabria, 300-01
Louis IX, Saint, King of France, 166–73, 181–83, 186, 189–91, 199–202
Crusade against Egypt, 170-73
Crusade against Tunis, 199–202
canonization, 222
Louis of Taranto, King of Sicily/Naples through marriage to Johanna I, 243–57
marriage to Johanna I, 248
coronation, 254
chivalric order, 254–55
death, 257
Louis of Toulouse, Saint, 215, 217, 223, 226
Louis VI ‘the Fat’, King of France, 80-81
Louis VII, King of France, 81–90, 108–09 divorce from Eleanor of Aquitaine, 87–89
Louis VIII, King of France, 159–61, 165–66
invades England, 159–61
creates apanages, 166
Louis XI, King of France, 323, 330-31, 333
Ludwig of Bavaria, Holy Roman Emperor, 227–29, 263
Ludwig, ‘Mad’ King of Bavaria, 192, 197
Magna Carta, 159–61
Manfred, bastard son of Frederick II, King of Sicily, 175, 177–89
Margaret of Anjou, daughter of King René, Queen of England, 313, 317–23, 331–33
marriage to Henry VI, 313
birth of her son Edward, 319
defeat and capture, 332
reputation, 332
Margaret of Burgundy, wife of Charles of Anjou, Queen of Sicily, 191
Margaret of Provence, wife of Louis IX, Queen of France, 171–72
Maria, daughter of Charles of Calabria, sister of Queen Johanna I, 242–43, 254, 256–57, 272, 275, 279
Maria, King of Hungary, 276, 281–83
Marie of Hungary, wife of Charles II King of Sicily/Naples, 190, 214, 216–17
Matilda, Empress, 62,
marriage to Geoffrey Plantagenet, 71–72
titles, 74
civil war in England, 74–77
death and epitaph, 115
Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem, 30-31
marriage to Fulk V, 63–65
as queen, 66–67
psalter, 30-31, 67,
death and tomb, 115
Mercadier, 111, 136
Michael Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor, 179–81, 204–07, 209
Mongols, 190, 237–38
Morea (see Greece)
Nine Worthies, 59
Normans/Normandy, 22–23, 40 46–47 expansion into Italy, 46–47
Nur ed-Din, Emir of Syria, 86, 116–17
Otto of Brunswick, 276, 278
papacy, 47, 50, 223–24, 276–78
Peter III, King of Aragon and Sicily, 206–10, 212
Petrarch, Francesco, 20, 231, 233–34, 242, 245, 250
Philip II ‘Augustus’, King of France, 99, 108–13, 119–20, 124–31, 139, 155–58 163
birth, 99
coronation, 108–10, 112
relationship with Geoffrey of Brittany, 112
relationship with Richard the Lionheart, 113, 128 disastrous marriage, 124–25
Third Crusade, 125–31
conquest of Normandy and Anjou, 143–49, 156–59
death, 163
Philip III, King of France, 200, 203, 208–10, 212–13
Philip IV ‘le Bel’/‘the Handsome’, King of France, 215, 219, 224, 258–61
Philip of Taranto, brother of Louis and Robert of Taranto, 256–57, 272
Philip of Taranto, son of Charles II King of Sicily/Naples, 217, 221, 227, 235–36
Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, 296, 314
Philip VI, King of France, Count of Valois, Count of Anjou, 229, 231–32, 261–65
Pietro Morrone/Maiella, Saint, Pope Celestine V, 218–19
Plantagenet (see also Geoffrey IV Plantagenet), meaning of, 69 use by Richard Duke of York, 318
Poitiers, battle of, 265–66
René II, Duke of Lorraine and Bar, 333–34, 337
René, Duke of Anjou, Bar and Lorraine, Count of Provence, King of Sicily/Naples and Jerusalem, King of Aragon, 301–17, 323–30, 333–37
marriage to Isabelle of Lorraine, 303
and Joan of Arc, 306–07
becomes Duke of Bar and Lorraine, 308,
imprisonment, 308–10
becomes Duke of Anjou, Count of Provence, King of Sicily/Naples and Jerusalem, 309
loss of Naples, 311
culture and chivalry, 313–315, 323–25, 329
as author, 325–29
marriage to Jeanne of Laval, 327–28
as painter, 335
death and tomb, 336
Richard ‘Plantagenet’, Duke of York, 318–22
Rich
ard I ‘the Lionheart’, King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Anjou, Duke of Aquitaine, 109–13, 119–37
relationship with Philip Augustus, 113, 128
coronation, 123–24
Third Crusade, 119, 122–32
appearance, 128
marriage, 127–28
capture and imprisonment, 132–34
as musician, 133–34
Chateau Gaillard, 134–35
death, 135–36
reputation, 136
Richard of Cornwall, brother of Henry III, King of the Romans, 168, 176–77, 181–82, 203
Robert ‘Curthose’, eldest son of William the Conqueror, 51, 56, 61
Robert ‘the Wise’, King of Sicily/Naples, King of Jerusalem, 27, 215–17, 219, 225–37, 242–43
marriage to Yolanda of Aragon, 216
becomes heir to throne of Naples, 219
theological treatises, 227–28, 230-31
and Crusades, 231–32
cultural impact, 232–33
death, 242
succession, 243
Robert Guiscard, 46–47
Robert of Artois, brother of Louis IX and Charles of Anjou, 166–68, 171
Robert of Gloucester, bastard son of Henry I, 74, 76–77
Robert of Taranto, 247–49, 257
Roger of Lauria, 209–12
Rudolf of Habsburg, 203–05, 209
Sainte Chapelle, 154
Saladin, Sultan of Egypt and Emir of Syria, 116–19
Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem, 129–30
Sicilian Vespers, 206–11
Sigismund of Luxembourg, King of Hungary, Holy Roman Emperor, 282–84, 287–88, 295–96, 308
marriage to Maria King of Hungary, 282
crowned King of Hungary, 283
Nicopolis Crusade, 287
Order of the Dragon, 288
Hundred Years War, 295–96
Song of Roland, 28–29
Stephen of Blois, King of England, 71, 73–76, 90-91
and the White Ship, 62
civil war in England, 73–76
capture, 74
lack of ruthlessness, 78
recognition of Henry II as heir, 90-91
Šubić, Juraj, 220
Šubić, Mladen II, Count of Zara, 240
Šubić, Pavao, ban of Croatia, 220, 240
Székesfehérvár, 220-21
Tagliacozzo, battle of, 193–96
Templars, 64, 218, 258–60
Teutonic Knights, 149, 258–59, 284–86
Torquatius/Tortulf, 23–24
tournaments, 45, 102–105, 195, 239, 314–15, 325–26
Tours, 25–26 42
Urban II, Pope, 55
Wenceslas III of Bohemia, 220-21
White Ship disaster, 62
William Aetheling, son of Henry I, 61–62