Bjelke-Petersen, Flo 256–7
Bjelke-Petersen, Joh 256
Black, George 223
Black Jack 37
blackbirders 128, 279
Blackburn, Justice 120
Blamey, General Thomas 304, 319
Blue Mountains 65, 202, 210, 211
‘boat people’ 390–1
Bolte, Henry 106
Borrowdale 130
Botany Bay 5, 65, 92, 106–11, 124–5, 132, 134, 162
Bounty 154
Bourke 266, 277
Bourke, Governor 178, 198
Braidwood 204, 244, 355
The Bran Mash 304
breads 140, 145, 150, 164, 243–5 see also damper
‘paper bread’ 43–4
Brisbane 182, 331, 335, 336, 337
Brisbane Central Technical College 259
Brisbane, Governor 195
Britain, emigration from 174–82
British Admiralty 88, 93, 95, 98, 102
Buckholdereia pseudomallei 58
Builth, Heather 27
Buley, E.C. 303
The Bulletin 266
Bundaberg 112
bunya nut feasts 29, 34, 35, 42, 45, 60, 242
Bureau of Mineral Resources 267
bush flies 349
bush foods 50, 124 see also living larder
stigma 45
bushfire strategies 5, 54–8, 344
fireproof houses 344
bushfires 275, 277, 339
Bustard Bay 112
cabbage trees 134, 138, 142
Cadigal people 134
Cairns 204
Cammeraygal 149
Campbell, Duncan 129
Canberra 268, 339
2003 fires 57–8, 268, 339, 342, 344–5
Canberra Times 344
Cape Agulhas 132
Cape Farewell 105
Cape Horn 84, 86, 99
Cape Leeuwin 91
Cape of Good Hope 124, 132, 138, 143, 162
Cape Town 88, 125, 131, 143
Cape York 24, 118
Carboni, Raffaello 216, 218, 219–20, 226, 227, 229–30, 231–5
Carnes, Captain Jonathon 67
Carstensz, Captain 77
Castlemaine 221
cattle 193–4
Charlotte 130
child labour 279, 281, 282
China 72–4, 75, 80, 155, 204
Chinese settlers 204
Chisholm, Caroline 179–80, 249
Christchurch earthquake 342, 395
Christmas beetles 361–2
Churchill, Winston 315
Citizen Military Force (CMF) 312
Clarke, Reverend William Branwhite 211, 212, 213
climate change 24, 238, 343, 388, 398, 400
global warming 25
Ice Age 24
surviving 389
cockatoos 359–60
‘cocky’ farmers 272
Collins, Lieutenant David 126, 132, 142, 146, 151–2, 154–5, 156, 159
consensus and cooperation 32–4, 38, 370–1
consumerism 379
control burns 55, 56–8, 169
Cook, Captain James 1–2, 3, 38, 65–6, 70, 86, 88, 92–110, 112–22, 124, 134
Cook, Elizabeth 93
Cooksland scheme 182
Cooktown 116, 134
Cootamundra wattle 363, 380
Cosgrove, General Peter 320
Croajingolong National Park 105
CSIRO 368, 381, 298, 403
currency lads and lasses 174
Curtin, John 315–16
Cyclone Tasha 336
Cyclone Tracy 344
Cygnet 86–7
Dagworth Station 286
Dalrymple, Alexander 76, 93–4
damper 244, 245–8
pumpkin scones and 254–7
recipe 246–7
Dampier, William 86–8, 108
A New Voyage Round the World 87
Voyage to New Holland 88
Dargues gold mine 237–8
Darling, Governor 175, 195
Darling River 274
Darwin 344
Japanese bombing 314, 316–17
‘Darwin glass’ knives 34, 66
Davis, Neeta 368–9
Dawes, Lieutenant William 44, 142, 159, 160–1
Dawes, Police Magistrate 223
de Bougainville, Louis-Antoine 91
de Freycinet, Louis 89
de Houtman, Frederik 79
de Mendonça, Cristóvão 74
de Quiro, Pedro Fernandez 76
de Saint Allouarn, Louis François 91, 122
de Sequeira, Captain Gomes 74
de Torres, Luis Vaez 76
de Vlamingh, Willem 78, 88–9
Dedal, Jakob 79
Denisovans 16, 24, 370
Dennis, C.J.
The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke 297
Derrett, Julie 339, 341
development 375–6
Dharug people 37, 133, 135–7, 140, 148, 148, 150, 151, 160–2, 165
Dickens, Charles 174
didgeridoos 27
The Dinkum Oil 304
Dirk Hartog Island 78, 89, 91
Djuuwin women 40–2
Donnelly, Catherine 234
droughts 4, 5, 33, 198–9, 205–7, 245
1877–1903 264–87 see also Long Drought
2002–2004 270
Araluen 267–8
land mismanagement 274
predictions 287–9
du Fresne, Marc-Joseph Marion 91
duck 52
catching by women 54
Dulhunty, Robert 201
dung beetles 349
dust storms 205, 274
Dutch East India Company 81
Dutch East Indies 64, 77, 79, 81, 86
Dutch traders/explorers 76–86
Duyfken 77
Earl of Pembroke 95
earthquakes 395
East India Company 90
Easter Island 19
eastern quolls 357
ecosystems
differences in 56
vulnerability 358, 380
Edwards, Colonel A.T. 296
Edwards, Mrs Thelma (née Sheldon) 258
Edwards, Ron 314
eel farms 27–8
Eendracht 79
Eendrachtsland 79, 81, 108
El Niño 343, 393
Elliott, Brigadier ‘Pompey’ 306
emigration in 19th century 174–5
emus 50, 135, 146, 191, 200
Endeavour River 116–18, 121, 134
environmental impact assessments (EIAs) 375
eucalypts 110, 348
Eureka flag 226
Eureka gold claim 212
Eureka Stockade 5, 215–37
Californian Rangers 215, 228–9, 230, 231
democracy 223–5
effect 235–6
failure, reasons for 229–31
German Rifle Brigade 229
independence dream 220–1
informants 229, 230, 235
legacy 236–7
plan 227–8
rebels 219–20, 226–7
troops 224–5, 231–5
Eurocentric views 5, 72–3
Eurunderee 265
exploration 1–3, 72–91, 83–4, 95–113, 116–19
Family Colonization Society 179
Family Loan Colonization Society 179
famine 60, 65
Irish Potato Famine 177, 227, 244
prediction 399–400
Farrer, William 244
Federation 265, 278, 279, 283, 286
Federation drought 264, 270, 273–4 see also Long Drought
female suffrage movement 264, 283–5
feral cats 358–9
Ffrench, Bernie 368–70
Ffrench, Charlotte 184–5, 187, 188
Ffrench, John 185
Ffrench, Peter 177, 184–8, 348
, 362
Fiji 85, 104
firestick farming 4, 5, 39, 44, 54–5
first colony 123–69 see also First Fleet
birth rate 158–9
convicts 137–8, 141, 143, 144–7, 153
despair 144–5, 158
first spring 145
first winter 144
food availability 135–7, 141–4, 152–3
food preferences and land use 244–5
gardens 138, 141, 145–6, 154, 159, 164, 165
housing 147–8
marines 137–8, 144, 154, 168
Polynesian brides 128–9
rations 140, 147, 152, 153–4, 165, 168
relationships with Dharug people 148–50
selection of convicts 127
starvation myth 123–69
First Fleet 5, 92, 125–6, 129–32, 164, 252
numbers 127–8
first settlers 14–15, 20–2, 388 see also Indigenous Australians
climate and conditions 21
cultural similarities 23, 26
early spread 23–4
Ice Age, impact 24
numbers 24
stories of 15–16
fish/fishing 27, 52–3, 155
catching (for women) 63
spearing (for men) 62
Fish River 211
Fishburn 130
Fletcher, Tom 324
floods 5, 25, 33, 328–31, 335–6
building on flood-prone land 331–2, 337–8, 343–4
predicting 345
Queensland 1974 335, 342
Queensland 2011 336–9, 342
flying foxes 49, 349, 380
food see also living larders; starvation of early colony myth
choices 376–7
1820, by 166
iconic 241–2
ignorance of colonists 159–60
Indigenous ingredients of nations 241–2
Indigenous storage and cooking techniques 46–8, 242–3
loss of knowledge 45, 46
moral omnivores 377–9
starchy 43–4, 136
time of first colony 135–7, 145–6, 157
Fort Wellington 37
4th Light Horse 304
foxes 358
Franklin, Miles 251
free settlers 130, 166, 175–7
Fremantle 201
French, John 324
French, Maurice
The Lamington Enigma 260
French, Val 318
Friendship 130
frogs 363–4
Gagudju people 15
Gai-Mariagal 37
Gallipoli 4, 290–5, 299–300, 307–8 see also Anzac legend
Anzac Cove 293, 300
Cape Helles 291
Chunuk Bair 300
Gaba Tepe 291
Hill Number 971 291
Lone Pine 300, 301, 308–9
trench papers 304
Garden Island 138
genocide 37
Genyornis newtoni 20–1
giant snake (Wonambi naracoortensis) 20
Gipps, Governor 179, 211
goannas 48
gold 4, 180, 185, 203–5, 210–11
discovery myth 211–13
impact on land 61, 237–40
legacy of Eureka 236–7
mining rights 220–1
wet seasons 213–14
Gold Coast Bulletin 343
Gold Fields Royal Commission 235–6
Golden Grove 130, 132
Gooch, Paul 212
Gove land rights case 120
Great Australian Bight 25, 65
Great Barrier Reef 19–20, 74, 90, 91, 112, 371
Great Depression 324–5
Great Drought see Long Drought
Great South Land myth 75–6, 93–5, 98, 100, 102, 103, 120 see also Terra Australis Incognita
Green Island 113
greenstone quarries 28, 34
Greer, Chales 97
Guardian 162
Gundagai 328–31, 333, 342
Gunditjmara people 27–8, 34
Gunwinggu people 16
Guugu Yimithirr men 38, 116–17
Halford, Thomas 154
Hamilton, General Sir Ian 308
Hancock, Lang 67
Hargraves, Edward 210–11, 212–13
Harrison, Helen 267
Hartley 211
Hartog, Dirk 78–9
Hasleham, Frank Arthur 233
Hawaii 19, 121
Hawkesbury River 139, 166, 334, 342
Hayes, Anastasia 233
health care companies 401
heatwaves 277, 399
herbicides 60, 347, 355, 359, 362–3
Hickes, Lieutenant Zachary 105, 112
Journal of a Voyage in the Endeavour 105
Higgins, Chief Justice Terence 344
Highland Clearances 176
HM Bark Endeavour 1–2, 65, 66, 92, 95–113, 116–19
shipwreck and the goat 1–2, 4, 96, 113–16, 119, 122
HMS Sirius 125–6, 128, 130, 143, 148, 154, 155
HMS Supply 128, 130, 132, 148, 154, 164
Holyoake, Henry 223
Homo floresiensis 370
Honner, Lieutenant Colonel Ralph 320
Horii, General 319
Hotham, Governor 5, 217, 222, 223, 224, 226, 229, 230, 235
housing 280
Houtman Abrolhos 79
human population movements 15–17, 19
Humffray, J.B. 223, 236
Hunter, Captain John 149
Ice Age 16, 18, 21, 24, 25, 370, 371
Imberombera 16
in-ground ovens 47
India 64, 73, 75, 79, 80, 90, 109, 125, 148, 175, 253, 313, 315, 391
Indian Ocean 20, 85, 132
Indigenous Australians see also first settlers
consensus and cooperation 32–6
cultural diversity from adaptation 26–9
differences from European/Asian nations 29–30
DNA 16–17
flood warnings from 332, 334
food see living larders
help given to European settlers 202–3, 329–31
impact of European settlement 37–8
kinship traditions and systems 34–5
languages 33–4
population at time of European settlement 32–3
regional festivals 35
separation in Ice Age 24
trade 34, 66
women 40–52
Indonesia 14, 18, 38, 64, 79
Innisfail 204
introduced animals 186, 358–9
invention prediction 403–4
Ireland 175, 177, 184, 227
Irish soda bread 245, 246
Ironbark pumpkin 252, 253
isolation and environment 28
Iwaidja people 37
Jackson, Sir George 111
Jacky Jacky 330–1, 333
Jacobszoon, Lenaert 79
Jandamarra of the Banuba 37
Janszoon, Willem 77
Japan 308
New Guinea campaign 313–15
Java 70, 73, 74, 77, 78, 166
Jervis Bay 106
Johnson, Dr Samuel 119
Johnstone, Reverend 157, 161, 163
Justinian 162
Kameygal people 106–7, 133
kangaroos 35, 52–3, 117, 135, 146, 155, 200–1, 350–4
illegal shooting 350–1
Kavel, Augustus 181
Kennedy, Tom 227
kindness 382–3
King Frederick William 181
King George III 103
King, Lieutenant Philip Gidley 138
Kingsbury, Private Bruce 324
Kirkpatrick, Private John Simpson 301
‘koala soldiers’ 4, 312–13, 315, 320–6 see also Anzac legend; Gallipoli; Kokoda; New Guinea
Kokoda 308, 309–12, 319–20, 322–7
Kokoda Track 321
Kokoda Track Foundation 320
Kondo, Admiral Nobutake 313
Kublai Khan 75
Kundigal people 37
La Niña 109, 289, 336, 343, 393
La Trobe, Governor Charles Joseph 218, 221
labour, cheap 280
Lady Juliana 162
Lady Penrhyn 130
Lake Condah 27
Lake Eyre 199
Lake George 199, 394
Lake Mungo 24
Lalor, Captain 293
Lalor, Peter 226–7, 230, 231, 233, 236
Lamb, Anne 178
Lamington, Lord and Lady 259–60
lamingtons 259–63
recipe 260–1
land
cheapness, impact 193–4
importance of understanding 6–7
Indigenous women’s impact 49–52
infinite land myth 194–7
learning 368–70
living on 6–7
local knowledge 372
love for 384–5
predictions for the next century 388–405
‘reading’ 367–8
stories from 7–8
study of 7
war over 383
land use
contemporary farming 208–9
cost-benefit analyses 240
crimes against land 348–64
droughts see droughts
early settlers 184–209
farming costs 193–4
first colonists 138–9
flood-prone land 331–3, 337–8, 343–4
food preferences and 244–5
introduced species 275–7
land clearing 186–7, 205, 347, 348–9
pollution of waterways 363–4
sheep see sheep
soil erosion 186, 190, 274
weeds 362–3
Landcare Australia Limited 347–8
Lane, William 154
Lang, Dr John Dunmore 178, 182
Lawson, Henry 224, 265–6, 272, 273, 281, 284
Lawson, Louisa 283
Layton 178
Leavitt, Mary 283
Leeuwin 79
life expectancy 401
Lister, John 212, 213
living larders 42–63, 124, 135–7, 169 365
impact of colonial settlers 186–91
lizards 360–1
Lockyer Valley 336
locust plagues 187, 364, 367, 397
Long Drought 273–4
food 271–2
political and social effects 264–5, 270–1, 286–7
severity 266–7
soup kitchens 271, 278
Long Jimmy 330
Mabo, Eddie 120
Macarthur, Elizabeth 196
MacArthur, General 319
Macarthur, John 194, 196
Macassan fishermen see trepang fishermen
McBrien, James 211
McCallum, Private Charlie 323
McClelland, Sergeant 212
McGill, James 228, 230
MacIntyre, John 160–1
Macquarie River 201
Madagascar 77, 78
Magnetical Island 112–13
Mahogany Ship 74
maize 150
Majors Creek 6, 237–9, 358, 362–3
mange 355
maps 1, 3, 65–6, 71–2, 73, 76, 76, 90
Mason (Masson), Mr 132
Mauritius 166
Mauritius 79
megafauna 21, 26
Melbourne 217, 224, 226, 230, 235