1 Translated by author. Image available at: http://myblog.robertbauval.co.uk/__oneclick_uploads/2011/05/img_2757a.jpg. .
2 Curiously, a relative of Émile Zola, a certain Salvatore Zola, was a prominent Freemason in Egypt in the 1800s and, of all things, was assigned by the Khedive Muhammad Ali to help the Americans remove an obelisk from Alexandria to New York's Central Park.
3 He was born Hiram Ulysses Grant, but always called Ulysses, his middle name, by his friends. Hiram was, and still is, a popular Masonic name (from Hiram Abiff, the legendary ‘architect’ of Solomon's Temple in Masonic rituals). This choice of name was clearly intended as a Masonic label, since Ulysses’ father, Jesse Brant, had been Master Mason of a prominent lodge in Ohio.
4 Although there is controversy whether General William T. Sherman was a Freemason, his own father, Charles Robert Sherman, certainly was a senior Freemason, as confirmed by his Masonic apron located by the Ohio Historical Society. It is widely believed that Gen. Sherman spared prisoners who wore Masonic rings during the Civil War. The bringing of the Egyptian obelisk to New York's Central Park in 1880 was clearly a Masonic event. It is also interesting to note that it was Gen. Sherman who selected the site of Bedloe's Island (now Liberty Island) for the placing of the Statue Of Liberty in 1884, the latter clearly another Masonic event. William H. Herbert, the chief editor of the New York World newspaper, is often given credit for being the first to suggest to Khedive Isma'il that the obelisk should be donated to the United States. He got the financial backing from a prominent Freemason, William H. Vanderbilt who, in turn got the political support from of Rep. Henry G. Stebbins, New York's commissioner of public parks. It was Stebbins who petitioned the US Secretary of State, William M. Evarts, to personally write to Elbert Farman, the American consul-general in Egypt, to persuade the Khedive of Egypt to donate the obelisk to the US. Let us note in passing that William M. Evarts was also chairman of the Committee for the Statue of Liberty in 1883 – 4 and it was he who sent a formal invitation to the Grand Masonic Lodge of New York to organize a ceremony “appropriate for the Occasion.” See Willam C. Kiesel's article in the September 1983 issue of The Masonic Philalesist; also J. E. Bebrens's article in October 1983 issue of Knight Templar magazine.
5 On his way to the Mediterranean during a 2-year survey with the Gettysburg, Gorringe and a fellow Freemason, Lieutenant Seaton Schoeder, used equipment to measure depth and with ‘snagged the top of a submerged mountain in the Atlantic Ocean which they claimed was the ‘Lost Atlantis’, and received a congratulatory telegram from President Grant for this ‘discovery’ (See D’Alton, op. cit., p. 10).
6 The important symbolic aspect of an obelisk is not its tall stem but its top which is shaped like a small pyramid, which feature very prominently in Masonic rituals.
7 See www.robertbauval.co.uk/articles/articles/hawass1.html.
8 Ibid.
9 Ibid.
10 Ibid.
11 See Bauval, Secret Chamber, Chapter 8.
12 Interview with Ros al-Yusuf, ‘Israel is Robbing the Pyramids as it Robbed Palestine’, 5 May 1997.
13 Ibid. Hawass was referring to Robert Bauval, Graham Hancock and John Anthony West.
14 See www.robertbauval.co.uk/articles/articles/hawass1.html.
15 Memri TV: Arabic Video, English Transcript. Broadcast on 11 February 2009, available at: http://www.memritv.org/clip/en/2049.htm. During the writing of this book, the History Channel aired a five episode TV documentary titled Chasing Mummies featuring Dr. Zahi Hawass. Paradoxically, In episode 4 shown on 4 August 2010, former First Lady Barbara Bush introduced Hawass to an adoring American audience:“I’m thrilled to introduce the foremost scholar of Ancient Egypt ... it is my pleasure to welcome a great explorer.”
16 Kevin Myers, ‘The anti-Semite Farouk Hosni is, in fact, the forward-looking face of enlightened Arabia’, Independent, 24 Sept. 2009.
17 Michael Slackman, ‘Egypt Ponders Failed Drive for Unesco’, New York Times, 28 Sept. 2009.
INDEX
A
Abd al-Malik, Caliph
Abdul Hamid I, Sultan of Turkey
Abercromby, Ralph
Abiff, Hiram (legendary)
Ablis, Geoffrey d’
Abraham
Abu Hamza al-Masri, Sheikh
Abu Qir
Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
Académie des Sciences
Académie Française
Academy, Plato's
‘Acception’ system
Achilles
Acre (Saint-Jean d’Acre )
Actium, Battle of
Adam
Adami, Tobias
Adams, President John
Adhémar of Rodelle, Pons d’
Adocentyn
Advancement of Learning, The (Bacon)
‘African Architects’
Age of Discovery
Age of Reason, The (Paine),
Agen, Cathar bishopric of
Aglaophemus
Ahura Mazda
Akhenaten, Pharoah
Akhetaten (el-Amarna)
Al Ashmunain (Kmun; Hermopolis)
Al-Ashraf Khalil
Al-Aqsa Mosque
Al-Walid, Caliph
Al-Azhar University
Albert Laski, Prince of Poland
Albi
Albigensian Crusades
Albret, Jeanne d’, Queen of Navarre
Alexander the Great
Alexander IV, King
Alexander V, Pope
Alexander VI, Pope (Rodrigo Borgia)
Alexander VII, Pope
Alexandria
Alexandria Mapping Project
Alexandria-Washington Lodge No. 22
Alexius I Comnenus, Emperor
Allah
Alsace-Lorraine (lodge)
America see also Great Seal of the United States
American Revolution
Amis Réunis, Les (lodge)
Amun
Amyntas III, King of Macedon
Anderson, James
Andreae, Johann Valentin
Anglo-Saxon Lodge No. 137
Anhalt, Prince Augustus of
Anhalt, Prince Christian of
Ann, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland
Anne of Austria, Queen of France
Annius of Viterbo
Anthony, Francis
Anthony, Jesse B.
Antients
Antin, Duke of
Antinoupolis
Antinous
Antioch
Anu see Heliopolis
Anubis
Aphitis
Aphrodite
Apis
Apollo
Apostles
Appleby, Derek
Appolonius Rhodius
Aquino, Prince Francesco
Aquino, Luigi
Arabs
Aragon
Arc de Triomphe
Arc du Carrousel
Arcana arcanissima (Maier)
Archives des Hauts-de-Seine
Ardeshir I, King
Arecco, Davide
Argonauts, the
Aristotle
Ark of the Covenant
Arlington National Cemetery
Armenia
Amalric, Arnaud, Abbot of Citeaux
Angebert, Jean-Michel
Arnay-le-duc, Battle of
Arnold, William
Arrian
Ars Magna Sciendi (Kircher)
Artaxerxes III
Asclepius
Ashmole, Elias
Ashmolean Museum
Astier, Baron d’
Aston, Nigel
Astraea
‘Astrophel and Stella’
Atalanta Fugiens (Maier)
Atchity, Kenneth J.
Athena
Athens
Atlantis
Attallah, Hashem
Aubigny, La Loge d’
Aubry, Mlle
Aufrère, Sydn
ey H.
Augustine of Hippo, Saint
Augustus Caesar,
Aulard, François Victor Alphonse
Austria
Auteuil
Autier, Pierre
Auzout, Adrien
Avignon
Ayen, Duke of
Azores
B
Baal
Babylon
Babylonians
Bacon, Francis
Baconia, Vigoros de
Bahram I, King
Baigent, Michael
Baldwin I, King
Balkans
Balsamo, Giuseppesee Cagliostro
Baltrušaitis, Jurgis
Bannockburn, Battle of
Barber, Malcolm
Baring, Anne
Barker, Felix
Baroque
Barras, Viscount de
Barren Hill, Battle of,
Bartholdi, Frédéric Auguste
Basil (monk)
Basil I, Emperor
Basilides
Basset, A. H. (printer)
Bastille, the
Bauval, Robert
Bavaria
Beaucaire
Beauharnais, Émilie de
Beauharnais, Eugène de
Beauharnais, Joséphine de, see Joséphine
Beauharnais, Viscount de
Bela IV, King of Hungary
Beless, James W.
Belibaste, William
Believers see credentes
Belgium
Bell, Lany D.
Belly, Léon-Auguste-Adolphe
Belzoni, Giovanni
Bendocdar, Sultan of Egypt
Ben Gurion, David
Benjamin of Tudela, Rabbi
Bensalem
Berchère, Narcisse
Berlin
Bernard of Caux
Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint
Bernini, Gian Lorenzo
Berrier (priest)
Berry, Duke of
Berthollet, Claude Louis
Besançon
Bessarion
Bessel, Friedrich
Beswicke-Royds Manuscript
Béziers
Biasini, Émile
Bibent, Antoine
Bibliothèque Nationale
Bin Laden, Osama
Blacas, Duke of
Blake, William
Blanche of Castile
Blavatsky, H. P.
Blazing Star
Board of General Purposes, the
Boaz
Boehmer & Bassenge
Bogoas
Bogomil
Bogomilism
Bohemia
Bohemian Church of Unity of Brethren
Bologna
Bonfons, Pierre
Bonneville, Nicolas de
Book of the Dead (ancient Egyptian)
Book for King Shaphur (Mani)
Book of What is in the Duat
Borgia, Cesare
Borgia, Lucrezia
Borgia, Rodrigosee Alexander VI
Bosnia
Boston
Boullée, Étienne-Louis
Bourbon dynasty
Bourbon-Condé, Louis de
Bourbon-Sicile, Marie Caroline de
Boylan, Patrick
Boyle, Robert
Bram
Brandywine, Battle of
Breul, Jacques de
Brienne, Countess of
Bristol
Britain see England
Brodie, William A.
Brosier, Peitivin
Brotherhood of Antilia
Browne, Mary
Broek, Roelof van den
Bruno, Giordano (‘the Nolan’)
Brunswick
Buckingham, Duke of
Buddha
Buddhism
Building Texts
Bulgaria
Bullock, Steven C.
Bunker Hill, Battle of
Burattini, Tito Livio
Burgundy, Duke of
Burke, Edmund
Burl, Aubrey
Bush, President George H. W.
Bush, President George W.
Byzantine Empire
C
Cabala
Cabeiri
Caberet
Cagliostro, Count of (Giuseppe Balsamo)
Cairo
Calabria
Caligula, Emperor
Calixtus III, Pope
Callisthenes
Calvinism
Cambrai
Cambridge
Cambyses
Cameron, Robert
Campanella, Tommaso
Campo dei Fiori
Canisy, Madame de
Canopus
Canopus Decree
Canopus Way
Capet, Hugh
Capetians
Capitol, US
Caracalla, Emperor
Carbonari
Carcassonne
Charles Louis, Elector Palatine
Carnot, Lazare
Carolingian dynasty
Cartelier, Pierre
Carter, President Jimmy
Casaubon, Isaac
Cashford, Jules
Cassel
Castel Nuova
Castelnau, Peter de
Castelnau, Michel de
Castor
Castres
Cathala, Arnald
Cathars
Catherine II the Great, Queen
Catholic Church see also Catholics; Christianity; Inquisition; names of Popes
Catholic League
Catholics
Cattanei, Vanozza de’
Cavafy, Constantine P.
Cavour, Count of
Cercle Social
Ceres
Chabot, Citizen
Chadwick, Henry
Chaldeans
Chamans, Antoine Marie
Chambrun, Count de
Champagne, Count of
Champier, Symphorien
Champollion, Jean-François
Champ-de-Mars
Champs-Élysées
Chanson de la Croisade albigeoise
Charbonneriesee Carbonari
Charlemagne
Charles I, King of Great Britain and Ireland
Charles II, King of Great Britain and Ireland
Charles IV the Fair, King of France
Charles VII, King of France
Charles VIII, King of France
Charles IX, King of France
Charles X, King of France
Charles, Hippolyte
Charlotte Elizabeth, Princess of the Palatinate
Charnay, Geoffroi de
Chartres, Duke of
Chartres Cathedral
Château-Theirry, Duke of
Chaumette, Pierre Gaspard
Chemical Wedding of Christian Rosenkreutz, The
Cheops, see Khufu
Cheysson, Claude
Childebert, King
Childeric I, King
China
Chinard, Joseph
Choiseul, Countess of
Choiseul, Duke of
Christ see Jesus Christ
Christian Gnosticism see Gnosticism
Christianity see also Catholic Church; Early/Primitive Church; Orthodox Church; Protestantism; names of heresies
Christianopolis
Chrysostom, John
Church fathers
Church of England
Churton, Tobias
Cincinnati Society
Cinq-Mars, Marquis of
Ciotto, Giovanni Battista
Civitas Solis (Campanella)
‘City of the Sun’
Clement V, Pope (Bertrand de Got)
Clement VII, Pope (Giulio de Medici)
Clement VIII, Pope
Clement XII, Pope
Clement of Alexandria
Clément, Jacques
Cleopatra
Clifford, Clark
Clo
vis I, King
Club des Cordeliers
Cobham, Henry
Cody, David
Coffin Texts
Colbert, Jean-Baptiste
Colgate University
Coligny, Gaspard de
Collaveri, François
Collège de France
Cologne
Cologne Mani-Codex
Columbus, Christopher
Comenius (Bishop Jan Amos Komenský)
Common Sense (Paine)
Commune de Paris
Communes (formerly Third Estate)
Communion, Holy
Condé, Prince of
Condorcet, Marquis de
Confessio
Congress, US
Consolamentum
Constans I, Emperor
Constantine the Great, Emperor
Constantine IV, Emperor
Constantine of Mananalis
Constantinople
Conté, Nicolas-Jacques
Contrat Social, (Rousseau)
Contrat Social (lodge)
Convention (French National)
Convention (US Constitutional)
Coolidge, President Calvin
Coolidge, Susan
Copernicus, Nicolaus
Copts
Corbett, Harvey Wiley
Corbières, the
Corbin, Henry
Cordier de Saint-Fermin, Abbé
Corpus Hermeticum see Hermetic texts
Corrozet, Gilles
Cortot, Jean-Pierre
Cosmas (monk)
Cosmas I, Emperor
Cosmas Atticus, Patriarch
Cossa, Baldassare (Pope John XXIII)
Cossutta, Araldo
Cotin, Guillaume
Counter-Reformation
Cour Carrée
Coutras
Crata Repoa (Köppen)
Credentes (believers)
Crédit Lyonnais bank
Critias (Plato)
Croatia
Croll, Oswald
Cromwell, Oliver
Cromwell, Richard
Cronin, Vincent
Crowley, Aleister
Crusades see also Albigensian Crusades
Ctesiphon
Cult of the Supreme Being
Curl, James Stephen
Cybele
Cygnus (constellation)
Cynegius, Maternus
Cyprus
Cyril, Archbishop of Alexandria
Cyrus I, King
D
D’Alton, Martina
Dacier, Monsieur
Dahshur
Dalmatia
Damascus
Damietta
Danton, Georges Jacques
Darius I, King
Darius III
Dark Ages
David, Jacques-Louis
David, King
De Bry, Johann Theodor
De Umbris Idearum (Bruno)
Dead Sea Scrolls
Deane, Silas
Décade égyptienne
Decazes, Élie
Decius, Emperor
Declaration of Breda
Declaration of Independence
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
Dee, John
Défense, La