habitat loss, 154
Haiyan, Typhoon, 46
Hamilton, Clive, 314
Hansen, James, 314
Hansmeyer, Michael, 236
Harvard University, 235
Hastings, Battle of, 190
heart, 150, 239, 248, 249, 250–51, 281
heat, 41
heaters, 87
heat recycling, 95–108
Helm, Barbara, 114
Henri, Pascal, 84
herbs, 89
Hernandez, Isaias, 264–65
herons, 193–94
Heuchera plants, 80–81
High Line, 77
Hitler, Adolf, 273
hockey, 40
Holocene, 9
Homer, 262
Honda, 236
Hong Sun Hye, 102
horse chestnut trees, 153
Horse Island, 58
horses, 137–38, 140, 145–46
hostas, 125
Hudson River, 54–55
hulls, 91
human genome, 13
Human Genome Project, 270, 274, 282, 285, 289, 300
Human Microbiome Project, 289
human rights, global warming and, 48
humans:
as eusocial, 288
geographic expansion of, 10
geography changed by, 11
history of, 71
orangutan genes shared by, 3
population growth of, 10
technological changes to bodies of, 13
tools used by, 7, 9
humans, environmental effects of:
climate change, see global warming
and possibility of nuclear winter, 8–9
hummingbirds, 126
hunter-gatherers, 71
Huntington’s disease, 271
Hurricane Irene, 57
Hurricane Katrina, 46
hurricanes, 31, 41, 43, 55
Hurricane Sandy, see Sandy, Hurricane
hybrid cars, 100
Hyde Park, 142
hydroelectronic power, 100, 107
hydroponic gardening, 83, 89, 90
Icarus, 224
icebergs, 195–96, 197
Iceland, 77
ice packs, 41–42
iCub, 218–19
iGlasses, 261
igloos, 86
iguanas, 131
Ike Dike, 50
Iliad (Homer), 262
India, 88, 107, 132, 175
Indian mongoose, 132
Indonesia, 132, 313
induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS), 150–51, 160–63
industrial farming, 60
Industrial Revolution, 34, 106, 185–86, 232, 235, 267
Inheritors, The (Golding), 162
insects, 166
insulin pumps, 253
intelligence of plants, 205–7
International Union for Conservation of Nature, 313
Internet, 199–200, 235
Inuit, 86
invasive species, 132, 154
Iran, 147
Iraq War, 258
Ireland, 132
Irene, Hurricane, 57
irises, 125
iron fertilization, 53
Island of Dr. Moreau, The (Wells), 267–68
Israel, 76
Istanbul, Turkey, 78
Italy, 88, 107
Ithaa Restaurant, 76
Ivanpah, 106
Ivins, Molly, 206
Jaguar Corridor, 123
Jamaica Bay, 119
Jamaican fruit bats, 131
Japan, 88
industrial tourism in, 23
Japan beetles, 295
Japanese honeysuckle, 132
Jarrell, Randall, 45
jellyfish, 65, 181
Jernhusen, 96–97, 98
Jerusalem, 77
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 220
Jim River, Alaska, 40
Johansson, Klas, 96–97
Johns Hopkins University, 244
Jordan, Terry, 31–32
Jungle Waterfalls, 83
Kahn, Peter H., 196
Kalmar, Sweden, 99–100
kangaroo, 296
Kanzi (bonobo), 202
Katrina, Hurricane, 46
katydids, 173–74
Kawasaki, Japan, 23
Keating, Tim, 147
kelp, 56, 57, 58, 60, 63–64
biofuels from, 64
Kenya, 124
Khoshnevis, Behrokh, 235
Kidd, Captain, 58
kidney, 239
King, Ross, 221
Kiribati, 49
knapweed, 166
knife fish, 147–48
Knights of the Order of the Barrier, 51
koalas, 164
Kockums, 101
Kojo Moe (Ohyama), 23
Korup National Park, 126
krill, 134
Kublai Khan, 272
Kubrick, Stanley, 269
kudzu vine, 132
Kungsbrohuset office building, 96
Lactobacillus johnsonii, 301
Lafferty, Kevin, 299
Lake Cayuga, 30–31
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste, 276–77
Lammens, Kathy, 302
lampreys, 132
Lancet, 277, 278
landscapes, 22–23
manufactured, 23–25
language, 7, 10, 171, 191, 255, 303
of animals, 201–3
Language Research Center, 201–2
Larry (boa), 130
lead, 271
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), 88
Leaves of Grass (Whitman), 184
Lederberg, Joshua, 289
LED lights, 90, 103–4
Leeuwenhoek, Antonie van, 290
Leno, Jay, 235
leopards, 118
leucine, 179
Library of Congress, 59
lifespan, 13
lights, 17
Lincoln Memorial, 59
Lindholm, Bosse, 100
Linnaeus, Carl, 217
lions, 164, 273
Lipson, Hod, 208–25, 226–27, 229, 235, 247, 250
livers, 150, 248
Living Machines Conference, 218–19
local farms, 88
Lockheed Martin, 236
locusts, 41
London, 50–51
London Zoo, 159
Long Island Sound, 60
loosestrife, 132
Losiny Ostrov National Park, 78
lotusin, 91
Louisiana, 46
Louv, Richard, 196
lungs, 239, 248
Lyme disease, 121
Lyme ticks, 39
lynxes, 132
macaws, 164
Maeslantkering, 50
magnolias, 111–12
magpies, 217
Mail Online, 271
malaria, 302
Malaysia, 79
Maldives, 76–77
mallards, 117
Mall of America, 96
Mandarin Chinese, 281
mantis shrimp, 61
manufactured landscapes, 23–25
manufacturing, 12
mariculture, 56–67
pushback against, 64–65
marigolds, 90
marine transport pollution, 76
Marshall Islands, 314
marsh rabbits, 129
Marsico, Ron, 119
Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, 103–4
Masters, Jeff, 47
mastodons, 31
Mayflower, 132
McDonough, William, 87–88
McGill University, 282, 284
McKibben, Bill, 112
McMurdo Station, 88–90
Meaney, Michael, 282–84
Mecanoo, 104
medical ecology, 300
medicine, 7, 12–13
Medieval Warm Period, 43
Mehler, Mark, 282
memories
, 255
Men Who Stare at Goats, The (Ronson), 146
Mercedes, 236
mercury, 271
Mesopotamia, 235
metal alloy teeth, 253
methylation, 281
Mexico, 88
Mexico City, 77, 82–83
mice, 302
Michigan, 132
microbes, 287–304
effects of, on humans, 292, 295–303
evolution affected by, 292–93
microbiome, 289
microscope, 290
microtia, 244–45
Milky Way, 176
Milton, John, 51, 212–13
mining, 11, 21, 24, 34
mitochondria, 291
Mitsuku, 317
Mohali, India, 99
moist shaded zones, 79
Mojave Desert, 22, 106
Mongolia, 132
monkeys, 146, 267
monk parakeets, 131
monkshoods, 125
monsoon season, 51, 53
Montaigne, Michel de, 63
Montana, 117
Mooallem, Jon, 139–40
moon, 306
Moorea, 158
moor frogs, 124
moose, 132
Moscow, 78
MOSE Project, 50
mosquitoes, 302
Motherwell, Robert, 218
Motley Fool, 235
multiple sclerosis, 301
Mumbai, 78
musk oxen, 132
mussels, 58, 60, 66, 78
mussel tissue, 91
Muybridge, Eadweard, 191
Nakamura, Makoto, 238
Naki’o, 256
Namibia, 180–81
nanobots, 181
Nano Impacts Intellectual Community, 183
nanoparticles, 182–83
nanotechnology, 179–87
nanotubes, 179
NASA, 204, 235, 305, 314
Nasheed, Mohamed, 76
National Academy of Science, 266–67
National Arbor Day Foundation, 38
National Institutes of Health (NIH), 285
national parks, 165
National Resources Defense Council, 316
National Zoo, 123
NATO, 237
Natural History of the Senses, A (Ackerman), 175
nature:
balance of, 132–33
romance with, 126–27
as term, 25, 111–27, 171–72, 309–10
Nature, 134
nature deficit disorder, 196–97
Nature Neuroscience, 282
Navigenics, 271
Navy, U.S., 145, 147
Nazis, 273–74
Neanderthals, 162, 178, 189, 263
nearsightedness, 192
Nelson Island, 48
Nemo, Blizzard, 58
Nestlé, 212
Netherlands, 101, 124, 132
Netherlands Antilles, 88
neural implants, 253
Nevada, 106
New Forest, 174–75
Newfoundland, 42
New Jersey, 46
New Mexico, 40
Newton, Isaac, 220
New York, 38, 46, 77
New York, N.Y., 55, 73
New York University, 197–98
night fiddlers, 172–73
Nile perch, 131
Nin, Anaïs, 186
nitrogen, 36
NOAA, 210
Norrbotten, Sweden, 275–76, 277–78, 280
North Africa, 106
North Carolina, 46
northern goshawks, 132
Northwest Passage, 135
Norway, 101, 124, 132
Norway maples, 132
nuclear bomb, 191
nuclear power, 22, 100
nuclear winter, 8, 9
Obama, Barack, 177
Obama administration, 233
obesity, 196
ocean, acidification of, 65, 66, 154
octopuses, 202, 216
Ohio, 77
Ohyama, Ken, 23
oil, 99, 106
oil refineries, 22
oil spills, 300
Oman, 132
1D farming, see mariculture
Operation Acoustic Kitty, 146
Operation Migration, 139–40
opossums, 129
Orangutan Awareness program, 28
Orangutan Outreach, 5, 6, 313
orangutans, 3–7, 25–28, 132, 216, 217, 231, 296
human genes shared by, 3
impending extinction of, 27–28, 313
solitary lives of, 4
tool use by, 5
orca whales, 135, 144
orchids, 206
Orff, Kate, 55
organic fertilizer, 64
Organovo, 238–39
Ornstein, Len, 54
Orthopets, 256
Oshkosh Airshow, 187
osteoarthritis, 248
otters, 124
Outer Island, 58
ovarian cancer, 281–82
Överkalix, Sweden, 279–80
oxen, 140
oxeye daisies, 132
oxygen, 41, 53
oysters, 54–55, 56, 57, 60, 61–63
Ozawa, Masakatsu, 23
P-52 (python), 128
pacemakers, 253
Panbanisha (bonobo), 201–2, 203
pancreas, 281
pansies, 90
Papua New Guinea, 72
Paradise Lost (Milton), 212–13
Paris, 95–96
Paris Habitat, 96
Parkinson’s disease, 253, 295
parks, 73–74, 78
parrots, 202
parsley, 89
Partula, 156–59
passenger pigeons, 151–52
Pasteur, Louis, 290
Patagonia National Park, 99
pathogens, 290
peacock feathers, 91
Pearce, Mick, 93–94
Pembrey, Marcus, 279, 281
penguins, 134–35
peonies, 125
People’s Daily, 146
peppers, 89
peregrine falcons, 132
periwinkles, 61–62
permafrost, 48
personality, 200, 214, 216–17, 222–23, 229, 253, 292, 297, 299, 303–4, 307
Peru, 77
pesticides, 153, 166
pets, 149–50
Pettit, Don, 16
Phelps, Michael, 258
phenotypic elasticity, 249–50
Philippines, 46
photonic clusters, 35
phytoplankton, 61
piezoelectricity, 317
pigeons, 140, 142, 144, 145–46
pigs, 71
in war, 146
Pistorius, Oscar, 258, 260
Plan Bee, 166
planes, 171, 191
planets, 220–21
Planets, The: A Cosmic Pastoral (Ackerman), 220
plankton, 134–35
PlantLab, 90
plants:
in cities, 79–85
texting by, 205–7
plastic stents, 253
Pleistocene Park, 151
Pliocene, 29
PLOS ONE, 271
pneumonia, 183
Poland, 78, 132, 273
polar bears, 134
polar molecules, 35
polar T3, 90
pollution, 154
marine transport, 76
Polo, Marco, 272
polymer teeth, 253
Polynesia, 156, 157
Ponce, Brent, 260–61
ponies, 137–38
Pons, Lily, 264
poppies, 125
population growth, 10
Porter, Eliot, 25
poverty, 285, 286
Power Felt, 185
prairie dogs, 131
presence, 199
Price of Freedom: Americans at War exhibit, 145
probiotics, 300
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences, 129
produce, 89
Project Orcon, 145
Project Pigeon, 145
Project X-Ray, 145
proprioception, 175–76
prosthetics, 256–58
protein, 190
protozoans, 172, 289–90, 300
Przewalski’s horses, 132
Puerto Rico, 175
Puppe (orangutan), 26–27
purple finch, 137
pyrolysis technology, 76
pythons, 128–31, 133, 140, 315
Quai Branly Museum, 80–82, 84–85
quarries, 24
quasi-crystal, 34
rabbits, 126, 129, 133
rabies, 298
racoons, 129
rail trails, 77
rainforests, 79
rains, 41
Raison, Charles, 300–301
Rambuteau subway station, 95–96
Rand, Ayn, 59
rats, 282–83, 296
reading, 191–92
Reconciliation Ecology, 74
recycling, 52, 74, 78, 87, 88, 90
heat, 95–108
red clover, 166
Red Delicious, 137
red foxes, 153
red kites, 132
Red Sea Star Restaurant, 76
reef death, 36–37
refrigerators, 87
regenerative medicine, 244
Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, 254–55
reindeer, 132
Reiss, Diana, 202, 204
religion, 176
Relman, David, 300
Renaissance, 190
Renault, 83
renewable energy, 307
restaurant rooftop farms, 88
retinas, 253
Revolutionizing Prosthetics program, 258–59
Rezwan, Mohammed, 52–53
rhododendrons, 125
rice, 71
Rice Plant Conservation Science Center, 82
Rig Veda, 257
RinkWatch.org, 40, 314
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 78
Ripasso Energy, 100–101, 106
roadkill, 115–16
robomoths, 146–47
RobotCub Consortium, 218–19
robot fleas, 148
robotic evolution, 210, 213, 224–25
robots, 210–25
rocketships, 171
rock strata, 31, 35
roe deer, 124
Romania, 78, 124
Romans, 185
Rome, 267
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 145
rosemary, 90
Rosenzweig, Michael, 74
roses, 125
Rotterdam, Netherlands, 77
Royal Botanic Gardens, 118
Rwanda, 46
Ryu Chan Hyeon, 102
saber-tooth tigers, 162, 163
Sagan, Carl, 220
sage, 125
Sahara Desert, 54
Sahel, 46
St. John’s wort, 132
St. Luke’s Hospital, 78
Salem witch trials, 207
salmon, 60, 65
salt deposits, 31
sandhill cranes, 161
San Diego Zoo, 151
sand mandala, 174–75
Sandy, Hurricane, 31, 43, 44–47
oyster beds smothered by, 57
Sanjay Gandhi National Park, 78
Santiago, 77
Sapolsky, Robert, 298
Sapsucker Woods Bird Sanctuary, 193–94
scallops, 57, 60
schizophrenia, 176, 282, 285
science, 11
scientific reasoning, 219–20
Scotland, 132
Scots pine, 132
Scripps Research Institute, 151