Federation of American Citizens of German Descent, 85–86
Felderer, Ditleib, 140, 232–233
Fest, Joachim, 119, 211, 212
Fish, Stanley, 18
Flynn, John T., 39, 81n
Focal Point Publications, 163
Forced War, The (Hoggan), 71
Ford, Henry, 37, 38, 68, 152
Frank, Anne, 229, 230, 233, 235
Frank, Hans, 108
Frank, Otto, 176n, 230–234
Freedman, Benjamin H., 66
Fresco, Nadine, 47
Functionalist scholars, 108n
Gas chamber controversy, 5–6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 50, 52, 55, 63, 77–78, 89, 90, 99, 113–115, 139–151, 157–182, 225–229
Gates, Henry Louis, Jr., 19
Gaviser, Michael, 199
Gee, Gordon, 194
Georgetown University, 184n
German historians’ debate, 209–216, 219
Gerstein, Kurt, 10
Goebbels, Joseph, 36, 54, 108, 109, 180, 224
Goring, Hermann, 131
Gottesman, Andrew, 190, 195
Grabert, Herbert, 46, 71
Gruber, Heinrich, 134
Guillaume, Pierre, 10
Haney, Samantha G., 193, 194
Harvard University, 184n, 194, 197, 198, 206
Harwood, Richard E.: see Verrall, Richard
Heiman, Leo, 105
Heimberger, Ann, 191–192, 197–198, 201
Helms, Jesse, 150
Hendry, Teressa, 105, 232
Herrstrom, W. D., 65–66
Herzl, Theodor, 107
Hess, Rudolf, 161
Hesseltine, William B., 46
Heydrich, Reinhard, 88, 214
Hilberg, Raul, 56, 58–61, 118, 119, 160, 170
Hildebrand, Klaus, 213
Hillel (Jewish student organization), 187
Hillgruber, Andreas, 210–211
Himmler, Heinrich, 9–10, 101, 109, 114, 128
Hirt, August, 174
Historical Review Press, 104, 124
Historikerstreit, 110–111
History of the Germans (Diwald), 210
History Teacher, 82–83
Hitler, Adolf, 28, 40, 41, 46–47, 61–62, 68–71, 74, 75, 87, 101, 103, 108, 109, 111, 128–129, 147, 158, 161–162, 212, 213
Hitler (Fest), 119
Hitler: A Career (film), 212
Hitler We Loved and Why, The (Zundel) 157–158
Hoax of the Twentieth Century, The (Butz), 118, 123–136, 140, 152
Hoggan, David Leslie, 71–74, 105
Holocaust (NBC-TV), 158–159
Holocaust News, 8
“Holocaust Story, The: How Much Is False? The Case for Open Debate” (Smith), 183–184, 186–202, 208
Holocaust Survivors and Friends in Pursuit of Justice, 172
Howard University, 184n
Human Events, 145
Hutchins, Robert Maynard, 46
Hydrogen cyanide, 166–169, 224–225
“Illuminati, ” 37, 160
Immigration Act of 1924, 35
Imperium—The Philosophy of History and Politics (Yockey), 146–149, 151
Institute for German Post-War History, 46
Institute for Historical Review (IHR), 7, 13, 27, 51, 86, 99, 101, 105, 137–156, 178, 185, 214, 218
Intentionalist scholars, 108n
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), 114–117, 119, 133–135
International Jew, The (Ford), 152
Irving, David, 8, 14, 111, 161–163, 170, 179–181, 213, 215, 221, 232–234
Isolationism, 35–39, 43, 50, 68
Jäackel, Eberhard, 212
Jackson, Robert, 63
Japanese Americans, 23n, 89, 213, 214
Jaworzno, 139
Jefferson, Thomas, 1, 25
Jeffries, Leonard, 19
Jesus of Nazareth, 98
Jewish conspiracies, 37–38
Jewish Information Bulletin, 140
Jewish Information Society, 140n
“Jewish Soap” (Weber), 201
“Jews That Aren’t, The” (Heiman), 105
JFK (film), 19
John Birch Society, 144, 145
Johnson, Hiram W., 35
Johnson, Thomas T., 141
Joint Council for Repatriation, 146
Jones, Ken, 171
Journal of American History, 205
Journal of Historical Review, 4, 24, 44n, 46, 77n, 125, 137, 140, 142, 143, 152–155, 201, 203–204, 205–206
Journal of Modern History, 204
Juda Verrecke (slogan), 108
“Justice: A Matter of Engineering, Capital Punishment as a Technical Problem” (Lehman), 177
Kahl, Gordon, 150
Kaplan, Rick, 178
Kazin, Alfred, 16
Keegstra, James, 160, 217
Kennedy, John F., 19
Khmer Rouge, 212
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 150
Klarsfeld, Beate, 172, 178, 181
Kohl, Helmut, 111, 210, 211
Kristallnacht, 71, 109, 110, 118
Ku Klux Klan, 5, 12, 29, 126, 136, 150, 187, 218n
Langer, William, 43, 69
LeFevre, Robert, 82
Legion for the Survival of Freedom, 152, 153
Lehman, Susan, 177
Lemkin, Rafael, 63
Lend-lease, 42
Le Pen, Jean Marie, 10–11, 64
Letter to François Mauriac (Bardèche), 50
Leuchtenburg, William, 204–205
Leuchter, Fred A., 13, 14, 162–173, 177–182, 224, 225
Leuchter Report, The: An Engineering Report on the Alleged Execution Gas Chambers at Auschwitz, Birkenau, and Majdanek, Poland (Leuchter), 163, 164, 166, 171–173, 177–181
Levin, Meyer, 231–233
Ley, Robert, 109
Libby, Frederick, 42
Libertarian party, 82
Liberty Letter, 149–150
Liberty Lobby, 105, 144–146, 148–151, 153, 204
Liddy, G. Gordon, 148
Lidice massacre, 88–89
Lifton, Robert, 26n
Lincoln, Abraham, 40
Lindbergh, Charles, 36, 44, 68
London Sunday Times, 179, 180
Los Angeles Times, 206
Louisiana State University, 184n
Machlek, Jan, 175
Madagasgar Plan, 107–108
Madole, James, 66
Maier, Charles, 20
Majdanek, 13, 162, 163, 165–167
Man, Paul de, 29
Manzanar, 23n
Marcellus, Tom, 140, 143–144
Martin, James, 44n
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 199
Mayer, Milton, 45
McCalden, William David, 137–143, 153, 220–221
McCarthy, Joseph, 43
McCormick, Robert, 45
McDonald, Larry, 150
McGurk, Frank C. J., 152
Mein Kampf (Hitler), 46
Mencken, H. L., 67
Mengele, Josef, 106n
Mermelstein, Mel, 139–141, 185, 220
Mitchum, Robert, 15
Mitterand, François, 216n
Mommsen, Theodor, 1, 25
Morgenstern, George, 42
Morgenthau, Henry, 44, 86, 97
Moyn, Sam, 192
Murphy, John, 202
Myth of the Six Million, The (Hoggan), 105–107, 115n, 119, 124
National Association for the Advancement of White People (NAAWP), 5
National Board for Historical Service, 67
National Front, 8, 10, 64, 103–106, 138
Nationalism, 106
National party (Britain), 8, 185
National Review, 145
National Youth Alliance (NYA), 148–149
Nation Europa, 47
Nation of Islam, 126
Natzweiler-Struthof, 174–175
Near v. Minnesota, 1
91n
Neil, Andrew, 180
Neo-Nazis, 4–5, 46, 52, 126, 136, 142, 217, 218
Netherlands State Institute for War Documentation, 118, 234–235
Neumann, William, 42
New Statesman, 104
New York Times, 178–179, 191, 199, 200
Nicolette, Valerie, 195
Nixon, Richard M., 96
Nizer, Louis, 80, 81n
Nolte, Ernst, 110, 111, 211–215
Noontide Press, 51, 105, 124, 144, 148, 151–153
Northwestern University, 184n, 189, 206
Novick, Peter, 81
Nuremberg Laws (1935), 75, 110, 118
Nuremberg of the Promised Land (Bardéche), 50, 51
Nuremberg war crimes trials, 22, 43–44, 45, 50, 55, 62, 118, 129–132
Nye, Gerald P., 35
Nye hearings, 35
Nyiszli, M., 106n
Ochensberger, Walter, 11–12
Ohio State University, 184n, 189, 194, 196–197, 201, 207
Oranienburg, 116
Organization of American Historians (OAH), 203, 205–206
Osborne, Travis, 152
Palestine Liberation Organization, 14
Passage de la Ligne, La (Rassinier), 51, 53
“Paul Rassinier: Historical Revisionist” (Roseman), 105
Pearl Harbor, 38, 155, 214
Pearson, Drew, 144
Pennsylvania State University, 186, 194
Pétain, Marshal Philippe, 216n
Pohl, Oswald, 130–131
Pol Pot, 211, 212
Population transfers, 43, 44n, 76, 107, 108
Posse Comitatus, 150, 187
Pressac, Jean-Claude, 173–175, 177, 225–227
Prima Facie (Smith), 185
“Prime Time Live, ” 178
“Proclamation of London” (Yockey), 148
Prodigy, 196
Professional historians, 203–206
Progressive, The, 15
Protocols of the Elders of Zion, 24, 37, 136, 152, 164
Prutschi, Manuel, 158 “Public Stake in Revisionism, The” (Barnes), 76–77, 82
Pulzer, Peter, 180, 212
Purdue University, 184n
Putnam, Carleton, 152
Putnam, Hilary, 18
Race and Reality (Putnam), 152
Race and Reason: A Yankee View (Putnam), 152
Racism, 86, 106, 107, 142, 144, 146, 152, 153
Rankin, John E., 36, 45
Rassinier, Paul, 51–65, 74, 79, 80, 90, 93, 96, 100, 106, 124, 132, 159, 210, 214
Ravensbrück, 88, 113
Reagan, Ronald, 27, 111, 210
Reasoned dialogue, 25–26
Red Crescent Society, 14
Regnery, Henry, 44
Relativism, 74, 111, 215–216, 219
Religion tax, 72–73
Reparations, 56–58, 75, 79, 95–97, 179
Revisionism, 20–21, 31–48, 68–69, 74–75, 79, 88, 154, 155
“Revisionism: A Key to Peace” (Barnes), 76
Revisionism and Brainwashing (Barnes), 73
“Revisionism and the Promotion of Peace” (Barnes), 153
Revisionist Letters (Smith), 187
Rhodes, Frank H. T., 192, 207
Rice University, 184n
Rockefeller, John D., 160
Rockwell, George Lincoln, 66
Rolnick, Joshua, 200
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 33, 35, 36, 38, 40, 43, 47, 68–70, 86, 87, 155
Roosevelt, Theodore, 154
Roosevelt Myth, The (Flynn), 39
Roques, Henri, 10
Rorty, Richard, 18
Roseman, Herbert C., 105
Rosen, Ira, 178
Roth, Heinz, 233, 234
Rubenstein, Richard, 94
Rutgers University, 184n, 189, 200–201
Sahlins, Marshall, 27
St. Louis (ship), 127
Samisdat Publications, 158, 159, 163
Schmitt, Bernadotte, 67
Shapiro, Shelly Z., 171, 172, 178, 181
Shoah, 214
Silk, Mark, 192
Silver, Beth, 193
Simon Wiesenthal Center, 139n, 220–221
Six Million Swindle, The: Blackmailing the German People for Hard Marks with Fabricated Corpses (App), 94, 95, 98–99, 101
Smith, Bradley, 183–201, 208, 218
Smith, Gerald L. K., 66
Smolen, Kazimierz, 165
Soap production, 78n, 188, 201
Society for History Education, 82
Sonderbehandlung, 154, 155
Sonderkommandos, 224, 225
Spanish-American War, 154
Spearhead, 104, 185, 210
Spotlight, 144, 150–151, 153, 186, 220
SS, 54, 55, 167, 168, 175, 214, 224–227
Stalin, Joseph, 42, 75, 211–213
Stanley, Scott, 145
Stone, Oliver, 19
Straight Look at the Third Reich, A (App), 98
Strauss, Franz Josef, 210
Streicher, Julius, 108
Struggle Against Historical Blackout, The (Barnes), 69, 70
Students, 3–4, 15–18, 24, 183–203, 206–208, 218
Stürmer, Michael, 211
Stuttgart rapes, 89, 90
Sudeten Germans, 76
Survivors’ testimony, 6, 51–54, 101–102, 125, 135–136, 138–141, 176
Taft, Robert, 44–45, 51
Tales From the Secret Annex (Frank), 230
Tansill, Charles C., 40, 68
Teepen, Tom, 195
Testing of Negro Intelligence, The (Osborne and McGurk), 152
Thelen, David, 205
Thomas, Norman, 67
Thomas, Ronald, 164–167
Tiso, Josef, 7
Topf and Sons, 226
Touchstone, Ned, 149n
Treblinka, 5–6
Trevor-Roper, Hugh, 161
Trombley, Stephen, 180–181
Trotsky, Leon, 160
Truman, Harry, 97
Tudjman, Franjo, 7
Tufts University, 201n
Two Kinds of Downfall: The Shattering of the German Reich and the End of European Jewry (Hillgruber), 211
Tyrell, R. Emmett, Jr., 145
UFOs: Nazi Secret Weapons? (Zundel), 158
Under Two Dictators (Buber), 112–114
United Republicans for America, 148
United States Holocaust Memorial Council, 3
University of Arizona, 184n, 193
University of California at Los Angeles, 141–142, 184n
University of California at Santa Barbara, 184n, 199
University of Chicago, 184n, 194, 199
University of Georgia, 184n, 192
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 184n
University of Michigan, 184n, 189–191, 193–194, 195, 196
University of Minnesota, 184n
University of Montana, 184n, 192, 196
University of North Carolina, 184n, 195
University of Pennsylvania, 184n, 198, 199
University of Southern California, 184n
University of Tennessee, 184n, 194
University of Texas, 184n, 201–203
University of Virginia, 184n
University of Washington, 184n, 196
University of Wisconsin, 184n
Uno, Masami, 13
Utley, Freda, 41–44
Vanderbilt University, 184n
Vansittart, Robert Gilbert, 80–81
Vasquez, Daniel B., 171–172
Verrall, Richard, 104–107, 110–121, 124, 133, 138, 152, 157, 210, 233
Versailles Treaty, 32, 33, 46, 50, 68
Vichy regime, 216n
Vidal-Naquet, Pierre, 9, 27
Vietnam, 211, 213
Villard, Oswald Garrison, 67, 70, 80
Waldheim, Kurt, 11
Wallace, George, 148
Wall Street Journal, 144, 145, 153
Wannsee Conference of 1942, 214
W
ar crimes trials, 22, 43–44, 45, 50, 55, 62, 118, 129–132
War of 1812, 154
Warren Commission, 18
Warsaw ghetto, 9–10
“Was Anne Frank’s Diary a Hoax?” (Hendry), 105, 232
Washington Observer Newsletter, 144
Washington Post, 199
Washington University, 184n, 189, 192–193, 195–197
Weber, Mark, 154, 184, 186, 201
Weber, Max, 94
Weinberg, Gerhard, 73
Weizmann, Chaim, 110, 111, 213
Welch, Robert, 144
“West, War and Islam, The” (Zundel), 157, 160n
What Is Fascism? (Bardèche), 50
White Aryan Nation, 187
White Citizens Council, 146
White Power Publications, 158
White Student, 152
Wiesenthal, Simon, 139–140, 201
Wilcox, Laird, 187
Wilhelm II, Kaiser, 68
Williams, William Appleman, 20–21
Wilson, Colin, 119–121
Wilson, Woodrow, 33, 34, 47
Wirz, Henry, 154
“Wisconsin school, ” 21
Wise, Stephen, 201
World Jewish Congress, 59, 60
World War I revisionism, 31–38, 68, 79, 154
World War II revisionism, 33, 38–48, 68–69, 74–75, 88, 155
Xenophobia, 35
Yad Vashem, 100–101
Yale University, 184n, 199
Yockey, Francis Parker, 146–149, 151–152
Youth for Wallace, 148
Zeskind, Leonard, 187
“Zionist Fraud” (Barnes), 74, 105
Zundel, Ernst, 117, 118, 157–163, 170, 177, 220
Zyklon-B, 166, 167, 224–225, 228
This book is a research project of The Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism of The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Copyright © 1993 by The Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher.
The Free Press
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www.SimonandSchuster.com
ISBN: 978-1-4767-2748-6 (eBook)
Library of Congress-in-Publication Data
Lipstadt, Deborah E.
Denying the Holocaust: the growing assault on truth and memory / Deborah E. Lipstadt.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-02-919235-8
1. Holocaust, Jewish (1939–1945)—Errors, inventions, etc.
2. Antisemitism—United States—History—20th century.
3. Holocaust, Jewish (1939–1945)—Historiography. I. Title.
D804.35.L57 1993
940.53'18—dc20
90-9952
CIP