276: the cross-correspondence study: Material throughout this chapter about the cross-correspondence studies is drawn from J. G. Piddington, “Concordant Automatisms”, Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research 22 (1908); Flournoy, Spiritism and Psychology, 174-85; Piper, Life and Work, 129-68; Tyrrell, The Personality of Man, 145-50; Conan Doyle, History of Spiritualism, 2:85-93; and Heywood, The Sixth Sense, 69-112.
281: “Pepper went on trial”: “Mrs. Pepper a Bride; To Stop Spookfests,” New York Times, June 5, 1907; “Vanderbilt Signed Checks for Spook,” New York Times, June 14, 1907; and “Mrs. Pepper Heard on Witness Stand,” New York Times, Sept. 6, 1907.
286: records of the sittings: James, “Mrs. Piper’s Hodgson-Control.”
287: Everard Feilding: Feilding is profiled in the introduction to Sittings with Eusapia Palladino and Other Stories, a collection of Feilding’s early-twentieth-century psychical research reports (Hyde Park, N.Y: University Books, 1963); his description of the London medium can be found on pp. x—xi. The accounts of the Palladino sittings are taken from Feilding, Baggally and Carrington, “Sittings with Eusapia Palladino.”
293: “The paramount importance”: Barrett, Threshold of the Unseen, 1-9.
12. A Ghost Story
296: “his analysis of Mrs. Piper’s Hodgson personality”: James, “Mrs. Piper’s Hodgson-Control.”
300: “few people who looked into the evidence”: Nora Sidgwick lecture, Jan. 25, 1912, which expanded on presidential address, reprinted in Sidgwick, Mrs. Henry Sidgwick, 301-11.
303: “perish in their ignorance and conceit”: WJ to Carrington, June 15, 1909; in Letters to Hereward Carrington (privately printed, 1957), 41.
303: “Seriously to investigate”: G. Stanley Hall, introduction to Tanner, Studies in Spiritism. All accounts of the Tanner and Hall studies of Mrs. Piper are taken from this book. For accounts of injuries and the response of Alta and Leonora Piper, see Piper, Life and Work, 173—75.
305: “By this morning’s post”: Lodge’s exchange with Hall detailed in letters to WJ on Nov. 9, 1909, and Dec. 14, 1909, Houghton.
307: “Poor Carrington”: TJ to Flournoy, Sept. 28, 1909, Houghton.
309: “Alice would barely speak to Munsterberg”: WJ to William James Jr., Feb. 27, 1903, Houghton.
309: “Were it not for my fixed belief”: WJ to Munsterberg, June 28, 1906, Houghton.
309: “insinuate that I also am one”: WJ to Flournoy, Jan. 26, 1910.
309: “Fraud with the feet”: Flournoy to WJ, Mar. 15, 1910.
310: “The Confidences of a Psychical Researcher”: William James, “The Confidences of a Psychical Researcher,” American Magazine 68 (Oct. 1909): 580-89.
311: “Carrington had tried to repair her reputation”: Carrington’s account of the American sittings and his efforts to control damage afterward can be found in Personal Experiences in Spiritualism (London: J. Werner Laurie, Ltd., 1913).
312: “Everything this time was different”: Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research 25 (1911): 57-69.
312: “Man’s character is too sophistically mixed”: James, “Confidences of a Psychical Researcher.”
314: “I came in with Halley’s comet”: “Mark Twain: A Look at the Life and Works of Samuel Clemens,” www.hannibal.net/twain/biography/.
314: Podmore’s death is described in Eric Dingwall’s introduction to Mediums of the 19th Century, xxi-xxii.
315: “Suicide has... been suggested”: Piddington to Hyslop, Nov. 1, 1910, ASPR.
316: “He wanted to go”: Alice James to Pauline Goldmark, Sept. 14, 1910, Houghton.
316: “I believe in immortality”: Simon, Genuine Reality, 385.
317: “Human Beings Only an Aggregate of Cells”: Edward Marshall, “‘No Immortality of the Soul’ says Thomas A. Edison,” New York Times, Oct. 2, 1910.
319: “Our duty is plain”: Richet, Thirty Years, 625.
319: “The public is what it is”: Feilding to Carrington, Aug. 15, 1912, in Letters to Hereward Carrington, 19.
320: “Any man who does not accept”: Introduction to James H. Hyslop, Contact with the Other World (New York: Century Company, 1919).
320: “unwillingly children of the time”: E. Feilding, “Can Psychical Research Contribute to Religious Apologetics?” Dublin Review, Apr.-June 1925; reprinted in Feilding, Sittings with Eusapia Palladino, 326-334.
INDEX
“Abt Vogler” (Browning)
A-Control
Agnosticism
Agnostic truth-seeking
Alternative medicine
AMA. See American Medical Association (AMA)
American Institute for Scientific Research
renamed as American Society for Psychical Research (ASPR)
American Journal of Psychology
American Medical Association (AMA)
American Museum
American Psychological Association
American Society for Psychical Research (ASPR)
American Institute for Scientific Research renamed as
annual report on mediums
conclusion on apparitions
discrediting evidence
founding of
investigator
James Hyslop’s role in
rejection of interested supporters
self-destruction of
theories to build on
William James’s concern for survival of
Anagrams
Anaphylaxis
An Essay towards a Theory of Apparitions
Anti-Fraud Society of Manhattan
Antoinette, Marie
Apparitions. See Crisis apparitions; Ghost stories
Apports
Argon
Arrow scripts
ASPR. See American Society for Psychical Research (ASPR)
Astral projection
Automatic writing. See Slate writing
Baggally, Wortley
efforts to carry on psychical work
Balfour, Arthur
at first meeting of British SPR
Balfour, Eleanor
Balfour, Evelyn
at first meeting of British SPR
Balfour, Gerald
Balfour, Nora. See also Sidgwick, Nora
Banner of Light
Barnum, P.T.
Barrett, William Fletcher
address to Harvard
desire to work for SPR
divining rods investigation
as Fellow of the Royal Society
founding of ASPR
grudge against British SPR
Henry Sidgwick’s invitation to work with the Society
investigations of thought transference
knighthood of
Newcomb’s dismissal of work of
opinion of Frederic Myers
as president of British SPR
publication of On the Threshold of a New World of Thought
reasons for prejudices against work of SPR
study of hypnosis/mindreading
thought transference tests
Benson, E. F.
Benson, Edward White
ghost evenings
Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna
ether idea
mahatmas (guide)
Richard Hodgson’s investigation of. See Hodgson, Richard
British Association for the Advancement of Science
British Society for Psychical Research (SPR)
cross-correspondence study
founding of
goal of
growth in membership
Henry Sidgwick as president
initial meeting of
Mark Twain’s praise for
member list
member resignations
Newcomb’s criticism of
Nora Sidgwick as president
payments to Leonora Piper
publications of
publishing of Sigmund Freud’s studies
reasons for prejudices against work of
rebuilding of
research methods
resignations
solicitations for personal stories
William Crookes as president
William James as president
William James’ praise for
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett
Browning, Robert
Bryant, William Cullen
Cambridge Ghost Society
“The Canterville Ghost” (Wilde)
Carrington, Hereward
acceptance of monetary offers for Eusapia Palladino shows
attempt to repair reputation
defense of Eusapia Palladino
efforts to carry on psychical work
investigation of Eusapia Palladino
invitation to Eusapia Palladino to tour U.S.
James Hyslop’s hiring of
at Lily Dale
spirit shows
Carroll, Lewis
Cathode ray tube
Cattell, James McKeen
disagreement with James Hyslop
reaction to Richard Hodgson’s affirmation of spirit life
Census of Hallucinations
continued disbelief by public
findings
Nora Sidgwick’s work on
Charcot, Jean
Chiaja, Ercole
Chicago World’s Columbian Exposition
Chloroform
Christianity and Agnosticism (Huxley)
Church of Fraternity of Soul Communion
Church of Spiritualism
Civil War
Clemens, Samuel
Cleveland, Grover (President)
Clothed ghost stories. See Ghost stories
Cocaine
Coherer
“The Confidences of a Psychical Researcher” (James)
Congress of Experimental Psychology
presentation of Census of Hallucinations at
Cook, Florence
investigations of
Katie King (guide)
talents of
Cooper, James Fenimore
Creery sisters
Crisis apparitions. See also Hallucinations of the sane
stories of
survey of
testing lab for
Crookes, William
belief in powers of Leonora Piper
belief in telekinesis
collaboration with Lord Rayleigh
declaration of belief in supernatural
discovery of argon
expansion of research into supernatural phenomena
faith in work of British SPR
at first meeting of British SPR
Florence Cook investigation
inventions of
knighthood of
mainstream scientific pursuits
opinion of D. D. Home
opinion on powers of Home
as president of British Association for the Advancement of Science
as president of British SPR
response to Widow’s Mite coin mystery
rethinking opinion of D. D. Home
return to mainstream science
scientific research
search for “psychic force”
supernatural experiments
views on women
Crookes tube
Cross-correspondence study
Oliver Lodge’s public revelation of
Crowe, Catherine
story sources
Curie, Marie
Dark séances
Darwin, Charles
background of
concern over Wallace’s participation in séances
genius of
notions on behavior
reaction to Crookes
Davenport, Ira
spirit shows
Davenport, William
spirit shows
Davey, S. J.
Decline effect
The Descent of Man (Darwin)
Divining rods
Dodgson, Charles L. (Rev.)
Dowser
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
Dr. Phinuit. See Phinuit, Dr.
Dracula (Stoker)
Dramatis Personae (Browning)
Dreams
Drug use
Dynamo
Ectoplasm
Edison, Thomas
view of immortality
Edmunds, Lucy
Eliot, Charles William
Ether
Everett, Charles
Evolution theory
The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals (Darwin)
Faraday, Michael
Fay, Anna Eva
investigations of
talents of
Feilding, Everard
criticism of religion and science
efforts to carry on psychical work
enjoyment of psychical research
frauds uncovered by
as honorary secretary of British SPR
investigation of Eusapia Palladino
witness to Eusapia Palladino’s loss of powers
Fleming, Alice Kipling
“Francis and Ignatius”
Flournoy, Theodore
Eusapia Palladino tests in Italy
investigation of Helene Smith
Fox, John
Fox, Kate
death of
investigations of
later years of
marriage of
talents of
Fox, Leah
Fox, Margaret
Fox, Margaretta (Maggie)
confession of fraudulent practices
deathbed story
death of
investigations of
later years of
marriage of
Seybert Commission report on
talents of
Fox sisters. See Fox, Kate; Fox, Margaretta (Maggie)
“Fragments of an Inner Life” (Myers)
“Fragments of Poetry” (Myers)
“Francis and Ignatius”
Fraud
Anti-Fraud Society of Manhattan
Frank Podmore on
Margaretta (Maggie) Fox confession of
perpetrated by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky
reflex fraud
in spirit shows. See Phony spirit shows
uncovered by Everard Feilding
William James on
Frederic Myers’ belief in
Freud, Sigmund
British Society of Psychical Research publishing of studies of
cocaine use
Friendly universe
From India to the Planet Mars (Flournoy)
Fullerton, George
Funk, Isaac
visit to medium in Brooklyn
Furness, Howard
George Pellew. See Pellew, George
George Pellew communicating through. See Pellew, George
General Convention of New Jerusalem
Ghost evenings
Ghost Society, Cambridge
Ghost stories
ASPR conclusion on
clothing
Nora Sidgwick investigations of
Gibbens, Eliza
Gibbens, Margaret
Greeley, Horace
Grove, Archibald
Guides, spirit. See Spirit guides
Gurney, Edmund
afflictions of
background of
clothed ghost story
communicating through slate writing
concerns about Phantasms of the Living
concerns about thought transference tests
crisis apparitions
death of
favorite story of
founding of British SPR
hallucinations of the sane
idea about Mark Twain’s dream vision
immersion in research
investigations of apparitions
marriage to Kate Sibley
mercurial temperament
narcotic use
opinion of Richard Hodgson
partnership with Sidgwick and Myers. See Sidgwick group
philosophy club
relationship with William James
research abilities
The Scratch Eight
self-medication
story based on
survey of crisis apparitions
survey of hallucinations
telepathy tests
testing lab
theories on death of
truth about immortality
use of phrase “intellectual whoredom”
Gurney, Kate
remarriage of
Hackett, Jimmy
Hall, Stanley
investigation of Leonora Piper
opinion of Leonora Piper
outcome of sitting with Leonora Piper
refusal to have Piper findings published in SPR journal
request for sitting with Leonora Piper
Halley’s Comet
Hallucinations of the sane. See also Crisis apparitions
Census of Hallucinations. See Census of Hallucinations
continued disbelief by public
Hashish
health issues
Hertz, Heinrich
A History of Spiritualism (Doyle)
Hodgson, Richard
affirmation of spirit life
anagrams
antagonizing society members
attack on Charles Richet
background of
belief in spirit communication
channeled through Leonora Piper. See Hodgson control
at Chicago World’s Columbian Exposition
concerns about Eusapia Palladino
criticisms of Rosina Thompson
cynicism toward telepathy
death of
drug use
Edmund Gurney’s opinion of
at Eusapia Palladino sitting in Cambridge
financial problems
findings on Leonora Piper
friendship with George Pellew
friendship with James Hyslop
investigation of George Pellew
investigation of Leonora Piper. See Piper, Leonora Evelina
investigation of Madame Blavatsky
investigation of slate writing
James Hyslop’s correspondence on fake mediums with
James McKeen Cattell’s reaction to affirmation of spirit life
leisure pursuits
management of séances
manners of
obsession with Leonora Piper
opinion of Oliver Lodge
opinion of SPR leaders
report on Eusapia Palladino
report on Leonora Piper. See Piper, Leonora Evelina
reports of
restoration of ASPR