p. 388 ‘there is no doubt that…’, Winrich Behr, letter to the author, 26 Feb. 1996
p. 390 ‘round and round in circles’, Bezyminsky, conversation, 10 Nov. 1995
p. 391 ‘I must inform you…’, Dyatlenko MS.
p. 391 ‘They have surrendered…’, 1 Feb. 1943, quoted in Gilbert (ed.), pp. 17–22; and Warlimont, pp. 319–23
p. 392 ‘Troops are fighting…’, and ‘I expect…’, BA-MA, RL30/5
p. 392 ‘XI Army Corps…’, war diary Sonderstab Milch, BA-MA, RL30/6, p. 151
p. 392 ‘When the time comes…’, Strecker, Haller, p. 105
p. 393 ‘XI Army Corps…’, BA-MA, RL30/5
p. 393 ‘Long live Germany!’ Haller, p. 107
p. 393 ‘What the normal…’, Werth, The Year of Stalingrad,p. 463
p. 394 1.1 million casualties, of which 485,751, quoted by Erickson, in Erickson and Dilks, p. 264
p. 394 ‘I thought of the…’, Grossman papers, RGALI, 1710/1/101
CHAPTER 23
p. 396 ‘No more…’, BA-MA, RL30/6
p. 396 ‘the Corporal uneducated…’, Dyatlenko MS.
p. 396 ‘We have our own rules’, Bezyminsky, conversation, 10 Nov. 1995
p. 397 ‘They looked healthy…’, Werth, The Year of Stalingrad,p. 446
p. 397 ‘It was rather like…’, Werth, The Year of Stalingrad,p. 444
p. 397 ‘When I opened…’, Bogomolov MS.
p. 398 ‘our troops…’, Boelcke, p. 408
p. 399 ‘which will move…’, Boelcke, p. 430
p. 399 ‘From Führer headquarters…’, Domarus, vol. ii, p. 1985
p. 400 ‘The farewell letters…’, 18 Feb. 1943, Heinz Boberach (ed.), Meldungen aus dem Reich 1938–1945, vol. xii, p. 4822, quoted in Wette and Ueberschär, p. 63
p. 400 ‘in future…’, Boelcke, p. 411
p. 400 ‘Stop dancing!’ Leopold Graf von Bismarck, conversation, 4 May 1996
p. 402 ‘If we are paid back…’, Bielenberg, p. 135
p. 403 ‘We will end the war…’, quoted Rohden, p. 127
p. 404 ‘You cannot stop…’, ‘I wonder how it feels…’, Wettlin, pp. 86, 88
p. 404 ‘After Stalingrad…’, Smirnov, conversation, 22 Nov. 1995
p. 404 ‘needed to believe’, Ehrenburg, pp. 10–11
p. 405 ‘They’re starting these gold…’, Ulko, conversation, 21 Nov. 1995
CHAPTER 24
p. 406 ‘railway tracks, where…’, Grossman papers, RGALI, 1710/1/101
p. 406 ‘Almost all members…’, Beck, p. 191
p. 406 ‘dozens each day’, Lt Medvedev to Maj. Demchenko, 9 March 1943, quoted in Epifanov, p. 241
p. 407 ‘liberated from fascist…’, RTsKhIDNI 17/8/226
p. 407 ‘Most of the children…’, Wettlin, p. 119
p. 407 ‘Soviet authorities…’, RTsKhIDNI 17/8/226
p. 407 ‘special safe paths’, Goncharov, conversation, 23 Nov. 1995
p. 407 ‘Mama, we are all right’, quoted in Agapov, p. 11
p. 410 ‘limping and shuffling…’, Weinert, p. 37
p. 411 ‘The Russians had very simple methods…’, anonymous conversation
p. 411 ‘We set out with 1,200 men’, Josef Farber, conversation, 16 Apr. 1996
p. 412 ‘like herrings…’, Böhme, p. 237
p. 412 ‘extremely critical’, TsAMO 62/355/1, p. 226, quoted in Epifanov, p. 235
p. 412 ‘nothing to eat…’, Dr Hubert Haidinger, Bund ehemaliger Stalingradkämpfer, Weihnachts Rundbrief, 1992, p. 9
p. 413 ‘Then came another shock…’, Schmieder MS.
p. 413 ‘The dead each…’, Willi Lotz, ‘Die Gefangenlager der Stalingrader: Erinnerungen an Beketowka’, in Kameradschaft Stalingrad, Aug.–Sept. 1981
p. 413 ‘mountain of bodies’, Dr Hubert Haidinger, in Bund ehemaliger Stalingradkämpfer, Weihnachts Rundbrief, 1992, p. 10
p. 413 ‘We had no tears left’, Schmieder MS.
p. 413 ‘death register’, Böhme, p. 237
p. 413 55,228 prisoners, TsKhIDK, 1e/1/9, p. 34, report by Capt. Kruglov, quoted in Epifanov, p. 47
p. 413 ‘Hunger…’, Dibold, address to Bund ehemaliger Stalingradkämpfer, 18 Sept. 1976, Limburg
p. 413 ‘camel-meat’, anonymous conversation
p. 413 ‘only at gunpoint…’, A. Chuyanov, Na Stremnina Veka, Moscow, 1976, p. 264, quoted in Epifanov, p. 33
p. 414 ‘And who are you…’, anonymous conversation
p.415 ‘It is the duty of a general…’, anonymous conversation
p. 416 ‘Only be compared to sheep-shearing’, Schmieder MS.
CHAPTER 25
p. 418 ‘We pressed to…’, Berezhkov, History in the Making,p. 242
p. 418 ‘I propose a salute…’, Berezhkov, op. cit., pp. 289–91
p. 420 ‘Doctor, the miracle…’, Dibold, p. 170
p. 421 ‘thrusting a long thin shard…’, anonymous conversation
p. 422 ‘man was just…’, anonymous conversation
p. 423 ‘According to Seydlitz’s idea…’, 17 Sept. 1943, TsKhIDK, 451p/2/6
p. 425 ‘the contemptible…’, quoted Seydlitz, p. 341
p. 425 ‘the absence of significant success’, Melnikov, TsKhIDK, 451p/3/7
p. 425 ‘recognize officially’, APRF 3/58/498
p. 425 ‘compiled in a devious way’, APRF 3/58/497
p.426 ‘members of…’, 25 May 1944, Manuilsky to Shcherbakov, RTsKhIDNI 495/77/37, pp. 32–4
p. 427 ‘on Comrade Shcherbakov’s…’, GARF r–9401/2/66
p. 427 ‘who could explain the principles…’, 20 Feb. 1945, Krivemko to Beria, GARF r–9401/2/92/322–4
p. 427 ‘It should be mentioned…’, 20 Feb. 1945, Krivemko to Beria, GARF r–9401/2/92/322–4
p. 428 ‘spiritual depression…’, Strecker, quoted in Haller, p. 214
p. 428 losses, G. F. Krivosheyev (ed.), Grifsekretnosti sniat’: Poteri vooruzhennykh sil SSSR v voinakh, boevykh deistviiakh i voennykh konfliktakh, Moscow, Voenizdat, 1993, quoted in Erickson, ‘Red Army battlefield performance’, pp. 235–6
p. 428 ‘irrespective of their physical…’, quoted in Epifanov, p. 163
p. 429 ‘revanchist reactionary general’, RTsKhIDNI 495/77/37
p. 430 ‘was valid not only…’, Dibold, p. 186
p. 430 ‘sufficient reason…’, Gottfried von Bismarck MS.
p. 431 ‘a very unhappy man’, Behr, conversation, 25 Nov. 1995
p. 431 ‘pensioner of the Soviet-occupied zone’, BA-MA, N601/v. 9, p. 8
APPENDIX B
p. 439 195,000, Rüdiger Overmans, ‘Das andere Gesicht des Krieges: Leben und Sterben der 6. Armee’, in Förster (ed.), p. 442
p. 439 268,900, Peter Hild, ‘Partnergruppe zur Aufklärung von Vermisstenschicksalen deutscher und russischer Soldaten des 2. Weltkrieges’, in Epifanov, p. 29
p. 439 ‘Sixth Army ration strength in the Kessel’, BA-MA, RH20-6/239, p. 226
p. 439 ‘only inside the Kessel’, BA-MA, RH20-6/237, p. 129
p. 440 111,465, TsKhIDK, is/4/3, p. 16, quoted in Epifanov, p. 25
p. 440 Sixth Army losses: 15,000 to 6 December, then 36,859 between 6 December and 7 January, BA-MA, N601/v. 5
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