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Index
Page numbers in italics refer to the illustrations following page 166.
Adriani, Giovanni Battista, 170, 259
Aguareles, Eugenio Serrablo, 70
Aguilar, Francisco de, 199, 201
Ahmed Pasha, 25–26, 270n19
Alberti, Giovanni Battista, 178
Algiers, 5, 34–35, 40–41, 86, 169, 255, 272n7, 273n25
Anastagi, Vincenzo: portrait, 166, 203–4; post-siege, 263; siege of Malta, 93, 117, 195, 198, 204–7, 212, 216–17, 236, 293n14, 295nn24–25
Aretino, Pietro, 43
Armenia, Luca de, 116–17, 285n4
Ascham, Roger, 53, 72–73
Avicenna, 192
Avogadro, Paolo, 160
Badoara, Andrea, 276n17
Baigli (knight), 295n19
Bajada, Toni, 173, 180
–81, 199
Balbi da Correggio, Francesco: battle length, 220, 295n34; casualties, 156, 284n15; Christian forces, 144–45, 181, 198, 230, 231, 235, 241, 286n1, 291n16, 298n7; civilians, 149–50, 282n31; Fort St. Elmo, 120, 129, 137, 138, 139, 159, 162, 285n18, 288n1; Fort St. Michael, 187, 189, 191, 201; Lascaris, 179, 263–64; Marsa, 293n11; Mihrimah’s nurse, 75; Ottoman forces, 91, 114, 151, 175, 234, 245, 250, 288n16, 288n1 (chap. 15), 290n1; Suleiman’s intentions, 79; Sultana, 279n23; work by, 266
Barbarossa, Aroudj, 5, 33–34, 86, 272n7
Barbarossa, Khairedihn, 5, 30, 33–40, 42–45, 49, 90, 166, 185
Barbaroszade. See Hassan ben Khairedihn
Bayazid (Suleiman’s son), 73
Belgrade, 4–5, 269n7
Benjamin, E., 166
Birgu, Malta: Christian forces, 100, 104, 154, 164, 171–72, 180–81, 235, 238, 287n7, 287n1 (chap. 13); civilians, 116, 117, 154; defenses, 93, 94, 106, 138, 226, 235, 250; Ottoman forces, 113, 175–77, 182, 197, 218, 232, 237
Boabdil, Sultan (Granada), 33
Boisbreton, Chevalier de, 154, 236, 242
Bonello, Giovanni, 275n31
Bonello, Vincenzo, 275n31
Bosio, Antonio, 26, 265
Bosio, Giacomo: casualties, 284n15, 288n13, 292n1; Christian forces, 212, 281n7, 283n12, 285n19, 286n1, 291nn6–7, 295n24, 296n22; Fort St. Elmo, 120, 179, 286n12, 288n1, 288n13; Ottoman forces, 80, 162, 279n23, 283n12, 283n16, 286n6, 288n16, 292n5, 293n13; Senglea, 220; Toledo, 85, 281n7; Valette, 46, 120, 281n7, 285n19; war as Hell, 185; work by, 265
Bourbon, Jacques de, 18
Bradford, Ernle, 298n3
Brantôme, Pierre de Bordeille, 30, 45, 74, 263, 264, 299n
Braudel, Fernand, 264, 266
bravi d’Algieri, 185–92, 292n1
Bregante, Gregorio, 107, 265, 284n3, 288n16
Broglio, Luigi, 93, 107–8, 114, 134, 135, 143, 144, 287n8
Busbecq, Ogier Ghiselin de, 64, 67, 68–69, 109, 209, 230, 277n40, 278n10
Calì, Giuseppe, 166
Callus, Mattew, 59
Candelissa, 185, 186, 188, 191, 202, 292n1
Cardona, Juan de, 171–72
Castile, Post of: Christian defenses, 112, 200, 206, 237; location, 104, 180; Ottoman attacks, 112, 201–3, 206, 218–19, 225, 232, 233, 296n5
Castriota, Costantino, 133, 140–43
Castrioti, George, 3–4
Castro, Abraham de, 271n16
Castrucco, Giovanni, 101
Cataneo, Girolamo, 286n9
Catarinetta (galley), 49
Cecil, 158, 193, 264
Çelebi, Kâtip, 61, 64, 65, 162
Cervantes, 262
Chaifer Rais, 174–75
Charles V, Holy Roman emperor, 166; abdication, 59, 71; Algiers, 34, 40–41, 273n25; alliances, 32, 34, 36–40; appearance, 23–24; death, 71; Francis I’s captivity, 24–27; gift of Malta to Order, 21–23, 29, 47; as Holy Roman emperor, 24, 28; Italian wars, 57–58; Mahdia, 50–51; Mediterranean theater, 5–6, 31–33, 275n32; relations with France, 12, 23–25, 28; Rhodes, 26; Rome, 28, 271n26; Tunis, 36–40
Cheder, sanjak-bey (Bosnia), 219–20
Chelibi, Evliya, 82
Chios, 3, 90, 252, 257
Ciano (soldier), 187
Cihangir (Suleiman’s son), 73, 278n12
Cirni, Anton Francesco: Christian forces, 243, 287n1, 295n24, 296n20; Fort St. Elmo, 120, 130, 156, 286n12, 287n7; Ottoman forces, 111, 162, 279n32, 284nn17–18, 297n27, 299n27; work by, 265
Clement VII, Pope, 21, 23, 24–25, 27–28, 32, 271n11
Clement VIII, Pope, 71
Colonna, Pompeo, 197, 230
Coloroti, Iacomo, 182, 196
Concini, Yusuf, 75
Constantinople: Charles V’s plans, 6, 32, 40; plague, 70; post-siege, 251–52, 300n14; regime change, 4–5
Coppier, Guillaume de, 51, 93, 100–101, 104, 106–7, 129, 133, 145, 150, 291n7
Coron, 30, 32
corsairs: alliances, 5–6, 33–34, 83, 254; as businessmen, 251, 254; knights as, 4, 5–6, 73–78; post-siege, 254–55; siege of Malta, 123–24, 159, 161, 185–92, 251, 292n1, 292n5
Cressy, Anthoine de, 124, 126, 249
Crete, 3, 10, 20, 21
Curione, Celio Secondo, 106, 128, 134, 286n1
Curtogli (aga), 145
Custodis, Jacob, 166
Cyprus, 3, 253, 259, 261
d’Amaral, Andreas, 17
d’Aramon, Gabriel de Luetz, 55
d’Autun, Jean Quinton, 21–22
Davis, Robert, 274n16
De Fourquevaux (ambassador), 251
d’Eguaras, Juan: chain of command, 93, 100, 142; death, 160; Fort St. Elmo, 127, 135, 142, 147, 153, 156, 159–60; initial Malta battle, 110, 111; reconnaissance, 101–2, 103; wound, 111, 134, 156, 159
d’Eguaras, Melchior, 93, 190
Della Corgna, Ascanio, 166; combat skills, 211–12; command structure, 230, 242–43, 297n23, 297n25, 298n2; final Malta battle, 245–46, 247; Gran Soccorso, 216–17, 229, 236–37, 295nn23–24; incarceration, 212, 294nn11–12; intelligence reports, 212, 216–17, 295nn24–25; Lepanto, 253; Malta defense, 71, 278n6; Malta prisoners, 249–50; Malta strategy, 238; Mdina, 236–37, 242, 298n5; post-siege, 262–63; Siena, 58, 86
d’Enghien, Duc, 42–43
d’Ercilla, Ochoa, 272n13
D’Homedes, Grand Master, 49, 53–57, 94–95, 275n32
di Forli, Pietro, 153
Djerba, 57–69; defenses, 62–63, 276n30, 277n35; fortress, 166; history, 34, 62, 275n; prisoners, 46–47, 68–69, 70, 277n2, 277n40; revenge for, 227; Tower of Skulls, 69, 166; Turgut’s escape, 51–52, 62; water supply, 67, 277n33
Doria, Andrea: allegiance, 28; campaigns, 32, 37, 40, 41, 42, 50, 60, 62, 66, 275n32; career, 30, 32, 272n4; death, 68; men serving under, 46, 85–86; Turgut’s escape from, 51–52, 62; and Valette, 299n6
Doria, Giannettino, 44
Doria, Giovanni (Gianandrea), 166; death, 262; Djerba, 63–64, 65, 68, 70; Lepanto, 253, 261, 262; Peñon de Velez, 86; post-siege, 262; siege of Malta, 196–97, 211, 216, 226–29, 250, 296n13; Tripoli, 60
Doria, Marco Antonio Carretto, 70
Dragut. See Turgut Reis
El Greco, 166, 203–4
Elizabeth I, Queen (England), 133, 162, 213, 257, 282n37, 301n2
England: Order and, 93, 152, 213, 272n3, 282n37, 288n
Faraone, Bartolomeo, 103, 104
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman emperor, 69, 171
Ferdinand II, King (Spain), 33
Fort St. Angelo, 166; defenses, 114, 145, 225, 234; Fort St. Elmo battle, 118–20, 122, 129, 136, 145–46, 149, 151, 155, 157–58, 288n11; Fort St. Michael defense, 188, 189–90, 292n15; onset of siege, 99; Ottoman prisoners, 148; Ottoman strategy, 54, 180; powder mill explosion, 152–53
Fort St. Elmo, 166; battle, 117–20, 124–30, 146–51, 153–57, 158–61; casualties, 129, 145, 149; Christian reinforcements, 120, 285n18; Christian revenge for, 191–92, 195; defenses, 94–95, 107, 114, 127; design flaws, 95, 123; onset of siege, 99; Order’s flag, 241; Ottoman strategy, 113–14, 125–27; public accounts of, 213; ravelin, 127, 132–34, 139, 146; strategic importance, 135–36; supplies, 146, 147; Valette’s resolve, 138–45; weapons, 125–26, 144–45
Fort St. Michael: defenses, 196, 200; foundation, 57; Ottoman forces, 175–77, 186–92, 194, 201–6, 217–18, 224–25, 231, 232. See also Senglea, Malta
Fortuyn, Ramon, 101, 153–54
France, foreign relations, 12, 23–25, 28, 42–43, 58, 59
Francis I, King (France): alliances, 28, 32, 272n4; death, 71; invasion of Italy, 24, 42–43; as prisoner, 24–28; relations with Spain, 12, 23–25, 28; Rhodes, 26, 271n19; and Suleiman, 27, 79
Franco, Giacomo, 166
Fugger family, 82
Gelal-Zade, Mustafa, 3, 19, 270n19
Genoa, 3, 12, 27, 32, 44, 49
Giacomo (historian), 18
Giou (knight), 51, 73–74, 76–77, 93, 100, 110
; Gonzaga, Giulia, 36
Gonzaga, Vincenzo, 211
Gozo: defenses, 53; Gran Soccorso, 227, 228, 229; map, 166; in Ottoman strategy, 113, 125; raids on, 52, 54, 63; resources, 68, 108, 194, 231, 284n6
Grand Harbor, Malta: defenses, 94, 95; map, 166; Ottoman forces, 113–15, 117, 150, 182–83, 185, 204, 234, 235; storm, 74–75
Gran Soccorso, 226–28, 235–38, 241–42, 250, 297n4
Gravina, Girolamo di, 181, 291n7
Grugno (knight), 152, 288n1
Guevara, Francesco di, 127, 128, 129
Guilmartin, John, 70, 264
Guimeran (knight), 51, 73–74
Guiral, Francisco de, 189–90
Guzman, Diego de, 230
Hadrian VI, Pope, 12, 21
Hassan Agha, 41, 78
Hassan ben Khairedihn, 78, 83, 185–86, 188, 246–47, 280n57
Hassan Rais Esse, 275n28
Henry VIII, King (England), 2, 26, 93
Hess, Andrew, 5, 258
Hook, Judith, 271n26
Hughes, Quentin, 126
Hungary, invasions of, 31, 253, 257
Hurrem (sultana), 72, 73, 74, 253
Ibrahim Pasha, 27, 35
Isabella II, Queen (Spain), 33
Italy, wars and invasions, 24, 42–43, 57–58
John of Austria, 254, 264
Julius III, Pope, 56
Kapudan Pasha, 261
Khairedihn. See Barbarossa, Khairedihn
Knights of St. John: Algiers, 41; current status, 255; dissolution fears, 28–29; Djerba, 61–63; galley, 166; loss of relevance, 254–55; Mahdia, 50–51; Mediterranean holdings, 2–3, 4, 32, 259; membership, 2, 93, 282n36; Modon, 30–31, 272n3; origins, 2; permanent home, 21–22, 25, 29, 39, 48, 56; as pirates, 4, 5–6, 73–78; Rhodes, 10–19; Tripoli, 36, 45, 47–49, 54–56, 60; Tunis, 37–39
Knights of St. John, siege of Malta: aftermath, 251, 259; casualties, 103, 112, 129, 145, 149, 192, 247; command conflicts, 142, 243; command structure, 93, 230, 242; defenses, 93–95, 104, 106, 109, 112, 241–42, 283n20; deserters, 199–200; food supply, 231; medical care, 193–94; morale, 106, 138–41, 161, 196, 198; motivation, 256–57; prayers for, 152, 288n; preparations, 91–92; prisoners, 120, 160, 164–65, 195, 249–50, 285n18; reinforcements, 99, 196–97, 206, 215, 230 (See also Gran Soccorso; Piccolo Soccorso); retreat proposal, 225–26; troops, 100, 104, 107, 283n6; weapons, 111, 187, 224–25. See also specific battles