90, 208
National Conference, 142
nationalism, 101, 107
National Volunteer Corps, xvi
Nehru, Indira Priyadarshini
(daughter). See Gandhi,
Indira Nehru
Nehru, Jawaharlal
adulation of, by Indian masses,
44–45, 65, 99–100, 222
antireligious feelings of, 47–
48, 92, 107–8, 233–34
birth legend of, 1–3
Bose and, 115
British view of, 68–69, 84, 93–
94
calls for a free India by, 76–77,
78
campaigning by, 99–103
childhood influences on, 3–4,
6–7, 8
on creation of Pakistan, 149
criticism of, 202, 207–8, 220,
223–24
death of, 214–17
on death of Gandhi, 160–61
development of political
thought in, 52–59
disillusionment of, 47–48
early life of, 3–18
early political interests, 23–24,
50–52
education of, 8, 9–11, 13–15,
17–18
election of, to chairmanship of
Allahabad Municipal
Board, 50–52
election of, to presidency of
Indian National
Congress, 69–75, 97–98,
100, 138
Englishness of, 223–24
family origins of, 4–6
family relationships of, 20–21,
52, 88, 95
family tree of, xix
financial problems of, 98
Gandhi and
compromises between, 67,
93, 97
differences between, 43–44,
53, 59–62, 84–85, 92,
94
father-son relationship of,
138, 228
loyalty between, 29–30, 35–
39, 138
power relations between,
69–70, 99
grief of, over death of father,
91–92
health problems of, 52, 89
Joshi, Haveli Ram, 214
Kai-shek, Chiang, 117, 123
Kashmir, 4–5, 141–43, 164–65,
203
Kashmiri Pandits, 4–5
Kaur, Rajkumari Amrit, 205–6
Kennedy, John F., 206–7
Khaliquzzaman, Chaudhuri,
106–7, 256
Khan, Hakim Ajmal, 47
Khan, Khan Abdul Ghaffar, xvi,
109, 256
Khan, Liaquat Ali, 169, 257
Khan, Sir Sikandar Hyat, 130,
257
Khan, Sir Syed Ahmed, 104
Khare, N. B., 223–24
Khilafat movement, xiv, 34–35,
36, 46
Khudai Khidmatgars, 109
Kidwai, Rafi Ahmed, 171, 257
Kisan Sabhas, 39
Kohat killings, 47
Kripalani, Acharya J. B., 138,
171, 257
Krishak Mazdoor Praja Party, xvi
Krishnamachari, T. T., 205
Labour Party, 57
Lansbury, George, 56
Laxman, R. K., 182
Lee Kuan Yew, 250
Liberal Party, xv
Lincoln, Abraham, 251
Linlithgow, Lord, 113, 116, 118–
21, 124, 257
Lucknow Congress, 24, 174
Lucknow Pact, 24
MacDonald, Ramsay, 82
Mahalanobis, P. C., 244
Maharajsingh, Rao, 20
Mahmud, Syed, 43–44, 127,
197–98, 199, 227, 257
Malaviya, K. D., 42, 258
Malaviya, Pandit Madan
Mohan, 2
Malik, Charles, 191
Malraux, André, 201–2, 229
Mao Tse-tung, 117
Marxism, 174
Mathai, M. O., 205
McMahon Line, 209, 210, 211
Menon, V. K. Krishna, 152n,
210–11, 212, 258
monarchical rule, 115–16
Montagu-Chelmsford reforms,
25n, 36
Moplah rebellion, 47
Moraes, Frank, 150, 205
Morris, William, 13
Mountbatten, Edwina, 137, 150,
153, 162–63, 169, 198,
201, 258
Mountbatten, Lord, of Burma,
137, 149–50, 152–56,
162–64, 168, 258
Muenzenberg, Willi, 54–55
Muggeridge, Malcolm, 223
Mukherji, Shyama Prasad, 156
Mullick, B. N., 211
Muslim League
British support for, 73, 103–4,
130, 134–35, 147–48,
152
demand for creation of
Pakistan by, 119, 148–49
Muslim League (continued)
hatred of Hindus expressed by,
139
in independent India, 235
relationship with daughter,
81–82, 128–29, 194–95,
231–32
relationship with father, 15–
16, 18, 50, 80–81, 129
returns to India, 19–21
socialist policies of, 174–79
spendthrift habits of, 14–15,
16, 38
travels of, 16, 22–23, 52–59,
112–14, 137
on war issue, 116–24
writings of, 46, 54, 56–57, 78–
79, 81–82, 90–91, 95–97,
122, 127
Nehru, Kamala Kaul (wife), 21–
22, 37–38, 52–54, 76, 82,
94–96, 127–28, 259
Nehru, Krishna (sister), 7–8, 76,
98, 128, 204
Nehru, Motilal (father)
about, 259
death of, 79–80
desire for son by, 1–2
financial problems of, 37,
38
Gandhi and, 29–30, 49
health problems of, 79
imprisonment of, 42–43, 44,
77–78
influence of, on Jawaharlal,
6–7, 80–81
investigation of Amritsar
Massacre by, 33–34
modern views of, 3–4, 9
Nehru Report of, 65–66, 67,
71
political activities of, 12, 24,
33–37, 48–49, 65–66, 69,
73
political differences between son and, 48–49, 56, 66
pride of, in son, 15, 44–45 relationship between
Jawaharlal and, 15–16,
18, 50, 129
success of, 5–6
Nehru, Swarup Rani (mother),
1, 2, 3, 6, 8–9, 22, 90,
112
Nehru Report, 65–66, 67, 71
Nehruvianism, 219–20
Nepal, 190
Nkrumah, Kwame, 199–200
Nonaligned movement, 151,
184, 186, 188–89, 208,
246–48
noncooperation movement, 27,
35, 36–37, 41–42, 43, 46,
120–21
nonviolence principle, 46
no-rent campaign, 88
Pakistan
British alliance with, 164–65
call for creation of, 119, 145–
46, 148–49
China and, 209
creation of, 154
debate over fate of, 139–40
Jinnah and, 139, 145–46, 148,
154
Muslim desire for, 135
Nehru on creation of, 135,
139–40, 143–45, 153–55
relations between India and,
167, 169–70
violence in creation of, 145–
49, 151–52, 155, 161–62
; Pal, Bipin Chandra, 13–14, 30,
259
Hindu-Muslim relations and,
93, 167–68
identification with Indian
masses by, 38–40, 100–
101
imprisonment of, 42–46, 49–
50, 77–79, 88–92, 94–95,
121–22, 125–27
Indian National Congress and,
59–60, 112
interim government and, 152–
53
international affairs and, 58–
59, 112–14, 150–51,
182–91, 207–13
investigation of Amritsar
Massacre by, 33–34
Jinnah and, 104–5, 147–48
journalistic pursuits of, 30
Kashmir and, 141–43, 164–65
Khilafat movement and, 34–
35
law career of, 20
legacy of, 215, 219–20, 248–
51
creation of Indian identity,
224–29
Indian democracy, 220–31
Indian economy, 239–46
Nonaligned movement,
208, 246–48
secularism, 233–39
marriage of, 21–22, 37–38,
94–96
mayoralty of Allahabad, 50–
52
Mountbatten and, 162–63
Muslim League and, 106–9
negotiations between British
and, 139–41, 143–44,
146–47, 153–55
noncooperation movement and, 36–37, 41–42
on partition of India, 135,
139–40, 143–45, 153–55,
161–62
personal habits of, 196–98
personality of, 197–202
personal life of, 37–38, 150,
201
political activities of, 67–68,
99–103, 115–16
political differences between
father and, 48–49, 56, 66
political moderation of, 228–
29
political philosophy of, 174
political realism of, 66–67,
84–85, 101–2
political skills of, 39–40, 42
as prime minister of India,
ix–x, 156–214
China policies of, 208–13
criticism of, 202, 207–8
domestic issues while,
202–3
elections, 172–73, 192, 207
failures of, 208–14
foreign policy of, 182–91,
207–13
governmental corruption
during, 204–6
nondictatorial stance of,
180–82
policies of, 174–79
power of, 179–80
speeches by, 203–4
successor to, 194–96
wish to resign of, 193–94
Nehru, Jawaharlal (continued)
protests against British led by,
64–65, 88
radicalization of, 12–13, 25–27
Sapru, Sir Tej Bahadur, xv, 63,
73, 77, 261
satyagraha vow, 26, 28, 29–30
science and technology, 245–46
Second World War, 116–24
secularism, 167–68, 233–39
self-reliance, 240–46
self-sufficiency, 240–46
Shastri, Lal Bahadur, 215
Shastri, Pandit Din Dayal, 2
Shaw, George Bernard, 13
Sikhs, 49–50, 202–3
Simla Conference, 140–41
Simon, Sir John, 64
Simon Commission, 63–65, 71
Singh, Bhagat, 71–72, 87
Singh, Sardar Baldev, 156, 261
Sinn Fein movement, 12–13
socialism, 55, 57, 101–2, 171,
174, 241–46
Socialists, 94, 97, 166, 173
South Africa, 26–27
Soviet Russia (Nehru), 56–57
Soviet Union, 56–58, 121, 174–
75, 186–88
Spain, 112
Sriramulu, Potti, 173
Stevenson, Adlai, 249–50
Suez Canal, 189–90
Sun Yat-sen, Madame, 56
Swadeshi movement, 12
Swaraj Party, xiv, 48–49
Swatantra Party, 179
Tagore, Rabindranath, 32, 100
Talbot, Phillips, 139, 140, 190,
198–99
170, 261
Teja, Jayanti Dharma, 205
Thailand, 185
Tibet, 209, 210
Tilak, Bal Gangadhar, xiv, 12,
24, 35, 51, 261
Tito, 184, 208
Towards Freedom (Nehru), 57
Townsend, Meredith, 13
Trinity College, 13
Turkey, 34–35
Tyabji, Badruddin (president of
Indian National
Congress), 104
Tyabji, Badruddin (diplomat),
247
Unionist Party, xvi
United Provinces (U.P.), 36
United Provinces Political
Conference, 26
United States
imperialism of, 58
Indian foreign policy and, 183,
186, 188, 207, 212
Nehru’s views on, 121
during World War II, 123, 124
Untouchables, 92, 236–39
Vajpayee, Atal Behari, 248–49,
261–62
Walli, Abdul, 107
Wavell, Lord, 124, 133, 134,
139, 262
Willingdon, Lord, 89, 262
Wolpert, Stanley, 16–17, 169
World War II, 112–14, 116–24
Yugoslavia, 184
Zakaria, Rafiq, 222
Panch Sheel agreement, 184,
208–9
Pandit, Ranjit (brother-in-law),
122, 130, 259
“Pandit, The” (Nash), 207–8
Pandit, Vijayalakshmi (sister),
7–8, 88–89, 128, 187,
259–60
partition
See also Pakistan
of Bengal, by British, 11–12
of India, 135, 139–40, 143–49,
151–55, 161–62
Pasternak, Boris, 190
Patel, Sardar Vallabhbhai, 69–
70, 87, 100, 138, 144,
156–57, 161, 164, 168–
71, 260
Patel, V. J., 73
peasantry. See Indian masses
Peshawar disturbances, 77
Pethick-Lawrence, Lord, 138,
203
Plan Balkan, 152–53
Poland, 116
Pollitt, Harry, 55
Portugal, 206
Prasad, Rajendra, 168–69, 171–
72, 260
Press Act of 1910, 23n
protectionism, 177
Quit India movement, 125–26,
130
Rai, Lala Lajpat, 64, 260
Rajagopalachari, C., 111, 116, 122,
123, 138, 168, 260–61
Rao, P. V. Narasimha, 244, 247–
48
Rao, Raja, 249
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
(RSS), xvi, 167, 168,
234n
religion
See also Hindu-Muslim
relations
conflicts caused by, 47–48
Nehru’s views on, 47–48, 92,
107–8, 233–34
role of, in modern Indian
politics, 234–39
Republican Congress, 62
Republic Day, 75, 168
rioting
after partition, 161–62
in Calcutta, 145–46, 147
over creation of Pakistan,
145–49, 151–52, 155
Roads to Freedom (Russell), 174
&n
bsp; Rolland, Romain, 56
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 124
Rosenthal, A. M., 223
Round Table Conferences, 82–
85, 89
Rowlatt Act, 26, 26n, 29
Roy, M. N., 68
Russell, Bertrand, 48, 174, 180
Russian Revolution, 56–57
salt tax, 75–76
Sangh Parivar, xvii, 234n