Briggs, Asa, ‘The Background of the Parliamentary Reform Movement in Three English Cities’, Cambridge Historical Journal, vol. 10, 1952
Brightfield, Myron F., John Wilson Croker, Berkeley, Calif., 1940
Brock, Michael, The Great Reform Act, pbk, 1973
[Brougham] The Life and Times of Lord Brougham. Written by Himself, vol. III, 1871
Broughton, Lord (John Cam Hobhouse), Recollections of a Long Life, ed. Lady Dorchester, vol. IV, 1910
Brown, David, Palmerston. A biography, New Haven and London, 2010
Buckley, Jessie K., Joseph Parkes of Birmingham and the part he played in Radical Reform movements from 1825 to 1845, 1926
Burns, Arthur and Innes, Joanna, eds, Rethinking the Age of Reform. Britain 1780– 1850, Cambridge, 2003
Butler, J.R.M., The Passing of the Great Reform Bill, new imp., 1964
[Campbell] Life of John, Lord Campbell, ed. Hon. Mrs Hardcastle, 2 vols, 1881
Cannadine, David, ‘The Palace of Westminster as Palace of Vanities’, see The Houses of Parliament
Cannon, John, Parliamentary Reform. 1640–1832, Cambridge, 1973
Cecil, David, The Young Melbourne & Lord M, pbk, 2001
Chambers, Palmerston. ‘The People’s Darling’, 2004
Charmley, John, The Princess and the Politicians. Sex, Intrigue and Diplomacy, 1812–40, 2005
Churchill, Winston S., A History of the English-Speaking Peoples, vol. III, Age of Revolution, 1957
Clarke, M. L., George Grote: A Biography, Athlone, 1962.
Clive, John, Thomas Babington Macaulay. The Shaping of the Historian, 1973
Cobbett, William, Rural Rides, ed. and introd. Ian Dyck, pbk, 2001
Cockburn, Lord, Life of Lord Jeffrey with a selection from his Correspondence, 2 vols, Edinburgh, 1852
Colley, Linda, Britons, 1992
[Creevey] The Creevey Papers. A selection from the correspondence and diaries of the late Thomas Creevey, M.P., 1768–1838, ed. Sir Herbert Maxwell, 2 vols, 1904
[Croker] The Croker Papers. The Correspondence and Diaries of the Late Rt Hon. John Wilson Croker, ed. Louis J. Jennings, 3 vols, 2nd revised edn, 1885
Dent, R.K., The Making of Birmingham. A History of the rise and growth of the Midland Metropolis, 1894
Derry, John W., Earl Grey. Aristocratic Reformer, Oxford, 1992
[Dickens] The Love Romance of Charles Dickens. Told in his letters to Maria Beadnell (Mrs Winter), introd. Walter Dexter, 1936
[DNB] Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004, http://www.oxforddnb.com
Dolby, Thomas, The Cyclopaedia of Laconics. School of reform in Church and State, c. 1832–40
Douglas-Fairhurst, Robert, Becoming Dickens. The invention of a novelist, 2012
Duchesse de Dino, Chronique de 1831 à 1862, ed. Princesse Radziwill, vol. I, 1831–1835, 1909
[Eagles, John] The Bristol Riots, their Causes, Progress, and Consequences. By a Citizen, Bristol, 1832
Eastlake, Lady, Mrs Grote. A Sketch, 1880
Edgeworth, Maria, Letters from England 1813–1844, ed. Christina Colvin, Oxford, 1971
Ellitson, D.H., The Chamberlains, 1966
Evans, Eric J., The Great Reform Act of 1832, 2nd edn, Lancaster Pamphlets, 1994
Farrell, Dr Stephen, ‘A First Step Towards Democracy’, History Today, vol. 60, 2010
Ferguson, Niall, The World’s Banker. The History of the House of Rothschild, 1998
Fitzgerald, Percy, The Life and Times of William IV, 2 vols, 1884
Fonblanque, Albany, England under Seven Administrations, vol. II, 1837
Foot, Paul, The Vote. How It was Won and How It was Undermined, 2005
Foreman, Amanda, Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, 1998
[Frampton] Journal of Mary Frampton, ed. Harriot Mundy, 1886
Fraser, Antonia, The Gunpowder Plot: Terror and Faith in 1605, pbk, 1997
Fraser, Antonia, Marie Antoinette: The Journey, 2001
Fraser, Flora, Princesses. The Six Daughters of George III, 2004
Fulford, Roger, Hanover to Windsor, 1960
Gash, Norman, Aristocracy and People, rev. pbk, 1994
Gash, Norman, ‘English Reform and the French Revolution in the General Election of 1839’, see Pares and Taylor
Gash, Norman, Politics in the Age of Peel: A Study in the Technique of Parliamentary Representation, 1830–1850, pbk, New York, 1971
Gash, Norman, Sir Robert Peel. The Life of Sir Robert Peel after 1830, pbk, 2011
[G.E.C.] G.E. Cockayne, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, 13 vols, reprint 1982
[General Election, 1832] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1832
George, M.D., Catalogue of Political and Personal Satires, preserved in the department of prints and drawings in the British Museum, vol. XI, 1828–1832, 1954
Gill, Conrad, History of Birmingham, vol. I, Oxford, 1952
Gore, John, ed., Creevey Papers, Folio Society, 1970
[Grant, James] Random Recollections of the House of Lords from the Year 1830 to 1836, 1836
[Granville] Letters of Harriet Granville, 1810–1845, ed. the Hon. F. Leveson Gower, 2 vols, 1894
[Greville] The Greville Memoirs, 1814–1860, ed. Lytton Strachey and Roger Fulford, vols I and II, 1938
[Grey Correspondence] ed. Henry Earl Grey, The Reform Act, 1832. The Correspondence of the late Earl Grey with H.M. King William IV and with Sir Herbert Taylor, 2 vols, 1867
Grote, Harriet, The Personal Life of George Grote, 1873
Hague, William, William Wilberforce. The Life of the Great Anti–Slave Trade Campaigner, pbk, 2008
Hamburger, Joseph, James Mill and the Art of Revolution, New Haven, CT, 1963
[Hansard] http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons; http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1830s
Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, Third Series
Hastings, Maurice, Parliament House, the Chambers of the House of Commons, 1950
Hawkins, Angus, The Forgotten Prime Minister. The 14th Earl of Derby, vol. I, pbk, Oxford, 2009
[Haydon] The Diary of Benjamin Robert Haydon, ed. N.B. Pope, vol. 3, Cambridge, Mass., 1963
Hilton, Boyd, A Mad, Bad and Dangerous People? England 1783–1846, pbk, Oxford, 2006
History of Parliament Online: http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1820–1832/parliament/1830–0
Hobsbawm, Eric and Rudé, George, Captain Swing, pbk, 2001
[Holland Diaries] The Holland House Diaries 1831–1840. The diary of Henry Richard Vassall Fox, 3rd Lord Holland . . ., ed. Abraham D. Kriegel, 1977
Holland House Papers, BL MS 51635
Holyoake, George Jacob, Sixty Years of an Agitator’s Life, 2 vols, 1893
Hoock, Holger, ‘Reforming culture: national art institutions in the age of reform’, see Burns and Innes
Hopkirk, Mary, Queen Adelaide, 1950
The Houses of Parliament. History. Art. Architecture, eds. Christine Riding and Jacqueline Riding, 2000
Howell-Thomas, Dorothy, Duncannon. Reformer and Reconciler. 1781–1847, Foreword by Earl of Longford, 1992
Hunt, Tristram, Building Jerusalem, The Rise and Fall of the Victorian City, pbk, 2005
Hurd, Douglas, Robert Peel. A Biography, pbk, 2008
Huxley, Gervas, Lady Elizabeth and the Grosvenors. Life in a Whig Family, 1822–1839, 1965
Innes, Joanna, ‘“Reform” in English public life: the fortunes of a word’, see Burns and Innes
Jenkins, Roy, Gladstone, 1995
Kelly, Linda, Holland House. The Salon of the Century, 2013
Kelly, Thomas, Radical Tailor. The Life and Work of Francis Place 1771–1854, Birkbeck College, 1972
Knowles, James Sheridan, King Alfred, or the Patriot King, 1831
Le Marchant, Sir Denis, Baronet, Memoir of John Charle
s, Viscount Althorp, 3rd Earl Spencer, 1876
Lee, Dennis, Lord Lyndhurst. The Flexible Tory, Boulder, CO, 1994
Liechtenstein, Princess Marie, Holland House, 2 vols, 2nd edn, 1874
[Lieven] Correspondence of Princess Lieven and Earl Grey, ed. and trans. Guy Le Strange, 3 vols, 1890
The Lieven-Palmerston Correspondence, 1828–1856, trans. and ed. Lord Sudely, 1945
Longford, Elizabeth, Wellington. Pillar of State, 1972
[Lyttelton] Correspondence of Sarah Spencer, Lady Lyttelton, 1787–1870, ed. Hon. Mrs Hugh Wyndham, 1912
Lytton, Rt Hon. Lord, England and the English, repr. 1874
Macintyre, Angus, The Liberator: Daniel O’Connell and the Irish Party, 1830–1847, 1965
Mahon, Viscount, A Leaf from the Future History of England, 19 April 1831, Stanhope MSS, Centre for Kentish Studies
Mandler, Peter, Aristocratic government in the Age of Reform. Whigs and Liberals, 1830–1852, Oxford, 1990
Martineau, Harriet, A History of the Thirty Years’ Peace, A.D. 1816–1846, vol. III, 1877
[Melbourne Papers] Lord Melbourne’s Papers, ed. Lloyd C. Sanders, 1889
Mitchell, L.G., Charles James Fox, Oxford, 1992
Mitchell, L.G., ‘Foxite Politics and the Great Reform Bill’, English Historical Review, vol. 108, 1993
Mitchell, L.G., Lord Melbourne, 1779–1848, Oxford, 1997
Mitchell, Leslie, Holland House, 1980
Mitchell, Leslie, The Whig World, pbk, 2007
Moncrieffe, W.T. Esq., Reform; or, John Bull Triumphant. A Patriotic Drama, 1831
Morley, John, The Life of William Ewart Gladstone, vol. I, 1903
Moss, David J., Thomas Attwood. The Biography of a Radical, Montreal, 1990
New, Chester W., Lord Durham. A Biography of John George Lambton, 1st Earl Durham, Oxford, 1929
Newbold, Ian, Whiggery and Reform, 1830–41. The Politics of Government, 1990
Newey, Katherine, ‘Reform on the London Stage’, see Burns and Innes
O’Gorman, Frank, Voters, Patrons and Parties. The Unreformed Electorate of Hanoverian England, 1734–1832, Oxford, 1989
O’Gorman, Frank, The Long Eighteenth Century. British Political & Social History 1688–1832, pbk, 1997
Pares, Richard and Taylor, A.J.P., eds, Essays presented to Sir Lewis Namier, 1956
Pearce, Edward, Reform! The Fight for the 1832 Reform Act, pbk, 2004
Pearson, Hesketh, The Smith of Smiths. Being the Life, Wit and Humour of Sydney Smith, introd. G.K. Chesterton, pbk, 2009
Prest, John, Lord John Russell, 1972
[PRO] Public Record Office, Kew
Queen Adelaide’s Diary, Royal Archives, GEO/ADD 21/7 AC
Reid, Stuart J., Life and Letters of the 1st Earl Durham, 1792–1840, 2 vols, 1906
Robinson, Lionel G., ed., Letters of Dorothea, Princess Lieven, during her Residence in London, 1812–1834, 1902
Rowe, D.J., ed., London Radicalism 1830–1843. A Selection from the Papers of Francis Place, London Record Society, 1970
Rubinstein, William D., Who were the rich? A biographical dictionary of British wealth-holders, vol. I, 1801–1834, 1981
Russell, G.W.E., Collections & recollections. By one who has kept a diary, 1898
Russell, Rt Hon. George W.E., One Look Back, 1912
[Russell Correspondence] Early Correspondence of Lord John Russell, 1805–1840, ed. Francis Albert Rollo Russell, 2 vols, 1913
Rutland MSS, Belvoir Castle
Sadleir, Michael, Bulwer: a Panorama, Edward and Rosina. 1803–1836, 1931
Salmon, Philip, Electoral Reform at Work. Local Parties and National Parties. 1832–1841, Studies in History, Suffolk, 2002
Shenton, Caroline, The Day Parliament Burned Down, Oxford, 2012
Smith, E.A., Lord Grey 1764–1845, Oxford, 1990
Smith, E.A., Reform or Revolution? A Diary of Reform in England, 1830–32, Stroud, Glos., 1992
Somerset, Anne, William IV, 1980
Somerset, Anne, Queen Anne, 2012
Somerville, Alexander, The Autobiography of a Working Man, ed. and introd. John Carswill, 1951
Spencer, Charles, Althorp. The Story of an English House, 1998
Spencer, Charles, The Spencer Family, 1999
Stanhope, Philip Henry, 5th Earl of, Notes of Conversations with the Duke of Wellington, 1831–1851, Oxford, 1947
Stewart, Robert, Henry Brougham. 1778–1868. His Public Career, 1985
Stirling, A.M.W., Coke of Norfolk and his Friends, vol. 2, 1908
Strong, Roy, Coronation. A History of Kingship and the British Monarchy, 2005
Swindells, Julia, Glorious Causes. The Grand Theatre of Political Change, 1789 to 1833, Oxford, 2001
Taylor, Miles, ‘John Bull and the Iconography of Public Opinion in England, c. 1712–1929’, Past & Present, 1992
Taylor, Miles, ‘Empire and parliamentary reform: the 1832 Reform Act revisited’, see Burns and Innes
Thomas, William, The Quarrel of Macaulay and Croker, Oxford, 2000
[Times History] The History of The Times. ‘The Thunderer’ in the making. 1785–1841, 1935
Tocqueville, Alexis de, Journeys to England and Ireland, ed. J.P. Mayer, trans. George Lawrence and K.P. Mayer, 1958
Tomalin, Claire, Mrs Jordan’s Profession, pbk, 1995
Tomalin, Claire, Charles Dickens. A Life, 2012
The Torrington Diaries. A selection from the tours of the Hon. John Byng (later the 5th Viscount Torrington) between the years 1781 and 1794, 1954
Trevelyan, G.M., The Life and Letters of Lord Macaulay, 2 vols, 1876
Trevelyan, G.M., Lord Grey of the Reform Bill. Being the Life of Charles, Second Earl Grey, 1920
Trevelyan, G.M., The Seven Years of William IV. A reign cartooned by John Doyle, 1952
Turner, Michael J., The Age of Unease. Government and Reform in Britain, 1782–1832, Stroud, Glos., 2000
[Tyrconnel Diary] Diary of the 4th Earl of Tyrconnel, Kiplin Hall Archives, Richmond, North Yorkshire
Vernon, James, Politics and the People. A study in English political culture, c. 1815– 1867, Cambridge, 1993
Wakefield, E.G., Swing Unmasked; or, the causes of Rural Incendiarism, 1831
[Wakefield, E.G.] England and America. A comparison of the social and political state of both nations, 2 vols, 1833
Wallas, Graham, The Life of Francis Place, 1771–1854, fac. 1908, pbk, 2006
Ward, J.T., Sir James Graham, New York, 1967
Watkins, John, The Life and Times of William the Fourth, 1831
Wellesley, Jane, A Journey Through My Family, 2008
White, Jerry, London in the Nineteenth Century, pbk, 2008
Wicks, Elizabeth, The Evolution of a Constitution, Oxford and Portland, Oregon, 2006
[WND] Despatches, Correspondence, and Memoranda of Field Marshal Arthur of Wellington, K.G., ed. his son the Duke of Wellington, K.G., vols VII and VIII, 1878–80
[Wordsworth Letters] The Letters of William and Dorothy Wordsworth, 7 vols, Oxford, 1967
Ziegler, Philip, William IV, 1971
Ziegler, Philip, Duchess of Dino, pbk, 2003
INDEX
Aberdeen, 4th Earl of, 42, 43, 61
Acklom, Esther, 62–3
Act of Union 1707, 16
Act of Union 1801, 15, 16, 30, 93, 189
Adams, John, 29
Adelaide, Queen
marries William, 6–7
children, 7
domestic life, 6
appearance, 7
fears of revolution, 7, 203
has dread of encouraging dissipation at Court, 7–8
watches Opening of Parliament, 39
and William’s coronation, 71–2, 74, 134
provisions made by the State for, 72, 73–4, 128–9
favours the Tories, 72–3
relationship with Howe, 72, 153–4
and Wellington’s departure from office, 72
reaction to the decision to dissolve Parliament,
111
in cartoons, 116, 163, 203
attends opening of new London Bridge, 128
at House of Lords for royal assent to Queen’s dower-bill, 129
and Howe’s departure from Royal Household, 154
shows hostility to Grey, 154, 202
general approach to political matters, 202–3
press attacks on, 203–4, 228, 236, 243
unpopularity, 203, 228, 248, 250, 255, 265
influence on William, 204, 228, 243
letter to Howe, 204
comments on Bishop of Exeter’s speech, 213
permits Lady Lyndhurst to be received at Court, 230
obsession against change, 273
and 1834 fire, 276
brief references, 44, 117, 118, 191, 197
Albemarle, 4th Earl of, 108–9, 129
Allen, Dr John, 53
Althorp, 54
Althorp, John Spencer, Viscount (later 3rd Earl Spencer)
physical stamina, 33
speaks about cancellation of royal visit, 46
meeting held at house of, 47
wealth, 50
and family relationships among Whigs, 52
and Brougham’s appointment as Lord Chancellor, 55, 57
and the composition of Grey’s Cabinet, 58, 99
becomes Chancellor of the Exchequer as well as Leader of Commons, 58
and formation of Committee of Four, 62
background, interests and character, 62–4
presents budget to Commons, 76
and O’Connell, 93
Brougham’s disparagement of, 99
and Secret Ballot, 102
defeated on a bill for supplies, 105
comments on expensive electoral process, 119
and Committee stage of Reform Bill, 126–7
and concerns over his father’s health, 129
not hopeful about the Bill’s prospects in Lords, 130
role in getting the Bill through Commons, 136
comments after vote against Bill in Lords, 150
and letter to Attwood, 153
visited by his sister, Sarah, 162–3
and riots, 169
and Durham’s attack on Grey, 175, 176
writes to Parkes, 177
and Perceval’s speech, 200
reaches crisis point and considers resigning, 205, 206–7
calms himself, 225
cheered in Commons, 226
praised in Ebrington’s Address to the King, 229
and Whig plans if faced with new administration, 232